Deep-water turbidite systems: a review of their elements, sedimentary processes and depositional models. Their characteristics on the Iberian margins - Sistemas turbidíticos de aguas profundas: revisión de sus elementos, procesos sedimentarios y modelos deposicionales. Sus características en los márgenes Ibéricos

Turbidite systems or submarine fans are considered the most important clastic accumulations in the deep sea and represent the sediment-transfer system between the hinterland source area and the deep-sea depositional sink. Their deposits contain information about global factors and local factors. Different scales and varying observational methods have contributed to the lack of a unifying terminology. In order to solve this problem several authors have proposed an “elemental approach”. The main architectural elements defining a turbidite system are: large-scale erosive features (mass-movements and canyons), channels and channel-fill deposits, overbank deposits and lobes. The sediment making up these elements is principally from gravity flow deposits, the most widely recognised being the turbidite, and other submarine mass movements. The genesis and character of these elements, as well as the overall geometry of the systems, indicate they are formed by a complex interaction between global and local factors. Various turbidite-system classifications are found in the literature, the most widely-used being based on grain size and feeder systems. Besides the scientific importance of turbiditic systems, they are predominantly studied because of the economic interest in them, as turbidite sandstones constitute important gas and oil reservoirs. Turbidite systems shape the seafloor of the Iberian continental margins and contribute in a large part to their outbuilding and basin infilling. They are hugely variable in size, location within the physiographic domains, style and overall geometry of the architectural elements, as well as sediment composition. The most studied Iberian turbidite fans are in the Mediterranean Sea whereas those of the Atlantic Ocean remain poorly known

Síndrome de burnout en deportistas universitarios mexicanos

El Síndrome de Burnout es producto del estrés crónico que se manifiesta por la fatiga crónica tanto física como psíquica, ira, sentimientos de autocrítica, impotencia, negatividad, irritabilidad, entre otros. Se manifiesta en los deportistas en tres áreas principalmente: psicológica, ambiental y deportiva. El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer la prevalencia del síndrome de agotamiento crónico en deportistas de una competencia nacional entre universitarios. En la investigación participaron 531 estudiantes de diferentes deportes, estados, universidades y licenciaturas. Se utilizó un cuestionario sociodemográfico para conocer datos personales y del entorno donde interactúa el deportista; y para evaluar el Burnout se utilizó el inventario de Burnout de Maslach y Jackson en su versión adaptada al deporte. Se obtuvo una confiabilidad de .789 en el instrumento, y la media más alta en realización personal, no encontrando diferencias significativas respecto al sexo y las dimensiones que componen el síndrome.Burnout Syndrome is a result of chronic stress manifested by chronic fatigue both physical and mental, anger, feelings of self-criticism, impotence, negativity, irritability, among others. It manifests in the athletes in three main areas: psychological, environmental and sports. The aim of this research is to determine the prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome in the athletes of Guadalajara's National University, located in Jalisco, México in the year of 2008. In the research 531 students were involved, all of them from different sports, place of residence, universities and degrees. A sociodemographic questionnaire was implemented to obtain personal data as well as information of the environment where the athletes interact; to evaluate the Burnout, the Maslach and Jackson's inventory was used in its adapted sport version. With the test, a reliability of .789 was obtained in the instrument, and the highest middle in personal accomplishment, not finding significant differences regarding to gender and the dimensions that compose the syndrome.A síndrome de Burnout é o resultado de estresse crônico manifestada pela fadiga crônica física e mental, raiva, sentimentos de auto-crítica, a impotência, a negatividade, irritabilidade, entre outros. Ela se manifesta em atletas em três áreas principais: psicológico, ambiental e desportivo. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar a prevalência da síndrome da fadiga crônica em atletas de uma competição nacional entre os estudantes universitários. A pesquisa envolveu 531 estudantes de diferentes esportes, estados, universidades e graus. Um questionário sociodemográfico foi usado para aprender dados pessoais e do ambiente onde ele interage; e para avaliar o Burnout, o inventário de Burnout de Maslach e Jackson foi usado na sua versão adaptada para o esporte. Foi obtido 0,789 confiabilidade do instrumento, e a maior média na realização pessoal, sem diferenças significativas em relação ao gênero e dimensões que compõem a síndrome

Enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria crónica en gestantes que desarrollaron parto pretérmino.

La Enfermedad Periodontal Inflamatoria Crónica (EPIC) es un potencial infeccioso que genera la producción de mediadores químicos que afecta la unidad feto placentaria y provoca dilatación cervical del cuello uterino. A partir de la década de los 90 se exponen evidencias científicas con diferentes diseños de investigación de la relación EPIC y parto pretérmino

The Complete Chloroplast Genome of 17 Individuals of Pest Species Jacobaea vulgaris: SNPs, Microsatellites and Barcoding Markers for Population and Phylogenetic Studies

Invasive individuals from the pest species Jacobaea vulgaris show different allocation patterns in defence and growth compared with native individuals. To examine if these changes are caused by fast evolution, it is necessary to identify native source populations and compare these with invasive populations. For this purpose, we are in need of intraspecific polymorphic markers. We therefore sequenced the complete chloroplast genomes of 12 native and 5 invasive individuals of J. vulgaris with next generation sequencing and discovered single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and microsatellites. This is the first study in which the chloroplast genome of that many individuals within a single species was sequenced. Thirty-two SNPs and 34 microsatellite regions were found. For none of the individuals, differences were found between the inverted repeats. Furthermore, being the first chloroplast genome sequenced in the Senecioneae clade, we compared it with four other members of the Asteraceae family to identify new regions for phylogentic inference within this clade and also within the Asteraceae family. Five markers (ndhC-trnV, ndhC-atpE, rps18-rpl20, clpP and psbM-trnD) contained parsimony-informative characters higher than 2%. Finally, we compared two procedures of preparing chloroplast DNA for next generation sequencing

Brief communication: Evolution of a specific O allele (O1vG542A) supports unique ancestry of Native Americans

In this study, we explore the geographic and temporal distribution of a unique variant of the O blood group allele called O1vG542A, which has been shown to be shared among Native Americans but is rare in other populations. O1vG542A was previously reported in Native American populations in Mesoamerica and South America, and has been proposed as an ancestry informative marker. We investigated whether this allele is also found in the Tlingit and Haida, two contemporary indigenous populations from Alaska, and a pre-Columbian population from California. If O1vG542A is present in Na-Dene speakers (i.e., Tlingits), it would indicate that Na-Dene speaking groups share close ancestry with other Native American groups and support a Beringian origin of the allele, consistent with the Beringian Incubation Model. If O1vG542A is found in pre-Columbian populations, it would further support a Beringian origin of the allele, rather than a more recent introduction of the allele into the Americas via gene flow from one or more populations which have admixed with Native Americans over the past five centuries. We identified this allele in one Na-Dene population at a frequency of 0.11, and one ancient California population at a frequency of 0.20. Our results support a Beringian origin of O1vG542A, which is distributed today among all Native American groups that have been genotyped in appreciable numbers at this locus. This result is consistent with the hypothesis that Na-Dene and other Native American populations primarily derive their ancestry from a single source population. Am J Phys Anthropol 151:649–657, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc

First record of entomopathogenic nematodes from Yucatán State, México and their infectivity capacity against Aedes aegypti

Background Biological control using entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) has demonstrated good potential to contribute to the integral control of mosquito larvae, which as adults are vectors of diseases such as Dengue fever, Zika and Chikungunya. However, until now there are no records of the presence of EPN or their killing capacity in Yucatán state, southern México. The objectives of the current study were: (1) to report the entomopathogenic nematodes present in Yucatán soils and (2) to determine the killing capacity of the most frequent and abundant EPN against Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae and the microbial community developed by Ae. Aegypti exposed to this EPN. Methods The nematodes were collected by the insect trap technique using the great wax moth Galleria mellonella. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS), 28S gene of ribosomal DNA and phylogenetic analyses were performed to identify the EPN. For the bioassay, four concentrations of the most frequent and abundant EPN were tested: 1,260:1 infective juveniles (IJs) per mosquito larvae, 2,520 IJs:1, 3,780 IJs:1 and 5,040 IJs:1. High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was used to identify bacterial amplicon sequences in the mosquito larvae infected with EPN. Results Six isolates of Heterorhabditis were recovered from 144 soil samples. Heterorhabditis indica (four isolates) was the most frequent and abundant EPN, followed by Heterorhabditis n. sp. (two isolates). Both nematodes are reported for the first time for Yucatán state, Mexico. The concentration of 2,520 IJs:1 produced 80% of mosquito larvae mortality in 48 h. Representative members of Photorhabdus genus were numerically dominant (74%) in mosquito larvae infected by H. indica. It is most likely that these bacteria produce secondary toxic metabolites that enhance the mortality of these mosquito larvae

Neumonía por coinfección de Aspergillus fumigatus y Pneumocystis jirovecii en un paciente no VIH: Reporte de caso

La aspergilosis pulmonar invasiva es una enfermedad presente principalmente en pacientes inmunocomprometidos con alta carga de mortalidad. La neumonía por Pneumocystis jirovecii es una infección oportunista potencialmente mortal que afecta a pacientes inmunocomprometidos por diversas etiologías. La coinfección por estos patógenos en pacientes inmunocompetentes es inusual. Reportamos un caso de un paciente sin las causas tradicionales de inmunocompromiso  en el desarrollo de una  neumonía en  coinfección por Aspergillus fumigatus y Pneumocystis jirovecii.

Genealogía de la familia Vol 1: Concepciones filosóficas, psicológicas, políticas y sociológicas

El texto Concepciones filosóficas, psicológicas, políticas y sociológicas se compone de nueve capítulos que, en conjunto, reflexionan sobre concepciones, enfoques, referentes teóricos y perspectivas sobre la familia en la historia del pensamiento humano. En este volumen se puede encontrar una serie de planteamientos, perspectivas y dudas que permitirán emprender nuevos abordajes investigativos para la comprensión de la esencia, sentido y significado del rol de la familia en el actual escenario. El desarrollo de la ciencia y la tecnologia ha transformado las diferentes formas de vivir, de ser, de enseñar y de aprender del ser humano. La sociedad actual exige el desarrollo de competencias diversas para responder a los requerimientos de la época: un contexto que evidencia el advenimiento de una verdadera revolución cognitiva, praxológica y metodológica que está configurando un sujeto diferente