5,679 research outputs found
Dynamic Characterization of Crystalline Supramolecular Rotors Assembled through Halogen Bonding
A modular molecular kit for the preparation of crystalline molecular rotors was devised from a set of stators and rotators to gain simple access to a large number of structures with different dynamic performance and physical properties. In this work, we have accomplished this with crystalline molecular rotors self-assembled by halogen bonding of diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, acting as a rotator, and a set of five fluorine-substituted iodobenzenes that take the role of the stator. Using variableerature 1H T1 spin-lattice relaxation measurements, we have shown that all structures display ultrafast Brownian rotation with activation energies of 2.4-4.9 kcal/mol and pre-exponential factors of the order of (1-9) × 1012 s-1. Line shape analysis of quadrupolar echo 2H NMR measurements in selected examples indicated rotational trajectories consistent with the 3-fold or 6-fold symmetric potential of the rotator
Psilocybin occasioned mystical‐type experiences
Objective
Research into psychedelic therapy models has shown promise for the treatment of specific psychiatric conditions. Mystical‐type experiences occasioned by psilocybin have been correlated with therapeutic benefits and long‐term improvements in positive mental outlook and attitudes. This article aims to provide an overview of the topic, highlight strengths and weaknesses in current research, generate novel perspectives and discussion, and consider future avenues for research.
Design
This narrative review was designed to summarise and assess the state of research on psilocybin occasioned mystical‐type experiences and applications for the treatment of specific psychiatric conditions.
Results
Contemporary methods on the quantification of mystical‐type experiences and their acute subjective effects are discussed. Recent studies provide some understanding of the pharmacological actions of psychedelics although the neurological similarities and differences between spontaneous and psychedelic mystical‐type experiences are not well described. Applicability to modern clinical settings is assessed. Potential novel therapeutic applications include use in positive psychology interventions in healthy individuals.
Conclusions
Since 2006 significant advancements in understanding the therapeutic potential of psilocybin‐assisted psychotherapy have been made; however, more work is required to understand the neuromechanistic processes and applicability in modern clinical settings. Despite promising results in recent studies, funding issues for clinical trials, legal concerns and socio‐cultural resistance provide a counterpoint to experimental evidence
Three body systems with strangeness and exotic systems
We report on four 's and three 's, in the 1500 - 1800 MeV
region, as two meson - one baryon S-wave resonances found by solving
the Faddeev equations in the coupled channel approach, which can be associated
to the existing = -1, low lying baryon resonances. On the
other hand we also report on a new, hidden strangeness state, mostly made
of , with mass around 1920 MeV, which we think could be
responsible for the peak seen in the around this
energy. Finally we address a very novel topic in which we show how few body
systems of several mesons can be produced, with their spins aligned up
to J=6, and how these states found theoretically can be associated to several
known mesons with spins J=2,3,4,5,6.Comment: Talk at the 21st European Conference on Few Body Problems in Physics,
Salamanca, Sep. 201
A new perspective on the Faddeev equations and the system from chiral dynamics and unitarity in coupled channels
We review recent work concerning the interaction and Faddeev
equations with chiral dynamics which allow us to look at the from a
different perspective and pay attention to problems that have been posed in
previous studies on the subject. We show results which provide extra
experimental evidence on the existence of two states. We then
show the findings of a recent approach to Faddeev equations using chiral
unitary dynamics, where an explicit cancellation of the two body off shell
amplitude with three body forces stemming from the same chiral Lagrangians
takes place. This removal of the unphysical off shell part of the amplitudes is
most welcome and renders the approach unambiguous, showing that only on shell
two body amplitudes need to be used. With this information in mind we use an
approximation to the Faddeev equations within the fixed center approximation to
study the system, providing answers within this approximation to
questions that have been brought before and evaluating binding energies and
widths of this three body system. As a novelty with respect to recent work on
the topic we find a bound state of the system with spin S=1, like a bound state
of -deuteron, less bound that the one of S=0, where all recent efforts
have been devoted. The width is relatively large in this case, suggesting
problems in a possible experimental observation.Comment: 18 pages, 7 figures, one misprint corrected, Nuclear Physics A in
pres
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