Validation process of a questionnaire used to know the influence of learning environments

Esta comunicación parte de la necesidad de responder a la diversidad existente en las aulas de los centros educativos desde la inclusión, como propone Ainscow (2005). Se estudian los entornos como elemento determinante del aprendizaje del alumnado y de la mejora de la inclusión escolar. Así lo identifican autores como Peng (2016), Postareff, Parpala y Lindblom (2015), Castro- Pérez y Morales-Ramirez (2015), Malaguzzi (1995), o García et al. (2017). Concretamente, ofrecemos la primera fase de nuestra investigación, en la que estamos validando un cuestionario como instrumento de recogida de datos. Este es resultado de una modificación de los cuestionarios de Peng (2016) y Yang, Becerik-Gerber y Mino (2013). Se observa la necesidad de realizar modificaciones para la creación del cuestionario definitivoThis work is focus on the need to reply to the diversity existing in school’s classrooms since the inclusion, as proposed by Ainscow (2005, 12). Learning environments are analyzed due to his fundamental influence in student learning and the improvement of school inclusion Peng (2016), Postareff, Parpala & Lindblom (2015), Castro- Pérez & Morales-Ramirez (2015), Malaguzzi (1995), o García et al. (2017). At this moment, we offer the first phase of our research, in which we are validating a questionnaire as a data collection instrument. This questionnaire is the result of a modification of the questionnaires of Peng (2016) and Yang, Becerik-Gerber & Mino (2013). It will be necessary to make some modifications to get the final questionnair

Diabetes and Risk of Frailty and Its Potential Mechanisms: A Prospective Cohort Study of Older Adults

Background: There is emerging evidence of the role of diabetes as a risk factor for frailty. However, the mechanisms of this association are uncertain. Methods: Prospective cohort study of 1750 non-institutionalized individuals aged ≥60 years recruited in 2008-2010. At baseline, information was obtained on health behaviors, morbidity, cardiometabolic biomarkers, and antidiabetic treatments. Individuals were considered diabetic if they reported a physician-diagnosis or had fasting serum glucose ≥126 mg/dl. Study participants were followed-up through 2012 to assess incident frailty, defined as at least three of the five Fried criteria. Results: At baseline, the cohort included 346 individuals with diabetes and 1404 without it. Over a mean 3.5-year follow-up, 115 cases of incident frailty were ascertained. After adjustment for age, sex and education, participants with diabetes showed an increased risk of frailty (odds ratio [OR]: 2.18; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.42-3.37). Additional adjustment for health behaviors and abdominal obesity yielded a 29.7% reduction in the OR (OR: 1.83; 95%CI: 1.16-2.90). Subsequent adjustment for morbidity produced an additional 8.4% reduction (OR: 1.76; 95%CI: 1.10-2.82), and for cardiometabolic biomarkers, a further 44% reduction (OR: 1.32; 95% 0.70-2.49). In particular, adjustment for HbA1c, lipoproteins and triglycerides accounted for the greatest reductions. Finally, additional adjustment for oral antidiabetic medication reduced the OR to 1.01 (95%CI: 0.46-2.20), while adjustment for nutritional therapy increased it to 1.64 (95%CI: 0.77-3.49). Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus is associated with higher risk of frailty; this association is partly explained by unhealthy behaviors and obesity and, to a greater extent, by poor glucose control and altered serum lipid profile among diabetic individuals. Conversely, diabetes nutritional therapy reduces the risk of frailtyBaseline data collection was funded by Sanofi-Aventis. Data collection during follow-up was funded by the Spanish Government FIS grants 09/1626 and 09/0104 (Instituto de Salud Carlos III). Funding specific for this analysis was obtained from the Spanish Government FIS grant 12/1166 (Instituto de Salud Carlos III) and the FP7-HEALTH-2012-Proposal No: 305483–2 (FRAILOMIC Initiative)

Major dietary patterns and risk of frailty in older adults: A prospective cohort study

Background: There is emerging evidence of the role of certain nutrients as risk factors for frailty. However, people eat food, rather than nutrients, and no previous study has examined the association between dietary patterns empirically derived from food consumption and the risk of frailty in older adults. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of 1,872 non-institutionalized individuals aged ≥60 years recruited between 2008 and 2010. At baseline, food consumption was obtained with a validated diet history and, by using factor analysis, two dietary patterns were identified: a ‘prudent’ pattern, characterized by high intake of olive oil and vegetables, and a ‘Westernized’ pattern, with a high intake of refined bread, whole dairy products, and red and processed meat, as well as low consumption of fruit and vegetables. Participants were followed-up until 2012 to assess incident frailty, defined as at least three of the five Fried criteria (exhaustion, weakness, low physical activity, slow walking speed, and unintentional weight loss). Results: Over a 3.5-year follow-up, 96 cases of incident frailty were ascertained. The multivariate odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of frailty among those in the first (lowest), second, and third tertile of adherence to the prudent dietary pattern were 1, 0.64 (0.37–1.12), and 0.40 (0.2–0.81), respectively; P-trend = 0.009. The corresponding values for the Westernized pattern were 1, 1.53 (0.85–2.75), and 1.61 (0.85–3.03); P-trend = 0.14. Moreover, a greater adherence to the Westernized pattern was associated with an increasing risk of slow walking speed and weight loss. Conclusions: In older adults, a prudent dietary pattern showed an inverse dose-response relationship with the risk of frailty while a Westernized pattern had a direct relationship with some of their components. Clinical trials should test whether a prudent pattern is effective in preventing or delaying frailtyBaseline data collection was funded by Sanofi-Aventis. Data collection during follow-up was funded by the Spanish Government grants 09/1626 and 09/0104 (Ministry of Health of Spain). Funding specific for this analysis was obtained from the Spanish Government grant 12/1166 (Ministry of Health of Spain) and the FP7-HEALTH-2012-Proposal No: 305483–2 (FRAILOMIC Initiative). Funders had no role in data analyses, preparation of the manuscript, or in the decision to submit it for publicatio

Stability of D-mannitol upon Melting/Freezing Cycles under Controlled Inert Atmosphere

AbstractD-mannitol has been selected as phase change material for direct steam generation. Since its stability in air cannot be assured, according to previous studies, this paper deals with the behavior of this material under inert atmosphere. Using a device, specifically designed for this study at the Plataforma Solar de Almería, the thermal behavior of D-mannitol when cycled between 100°C and 190°C under inert atmosphere, up to 50 times, as well as its loss in mass when heated during a certain time in inert atmosphere is presented. After being cycled, a change in the melting temperature interval as well as in the supercooling range of temperatures is stated. In addition to this, a change in color and consistency after having a sample at 180°C for a determined period of time prove the degradation and hence then non-feasibility of the D-mannitol as PCM

University students remembering attachment patterns learned through role playing

La presente investigación se enmarca dentro de los estudios para la mejora de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. El objetivo principal es observar el grado de recuerdo que muestra el alumnado universitario al preguntarles sobre el apego y los tipos de apego, que fueron explicados mediante simulaciones y juegos de roles en las clases de la asignatura “Psicología del desarrollo”. Los 110 participantes proceden de una muestra de alumnos de la Facultad de Educación-Centro de Formación del Profesorado de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Para alcanzar el objetivo se diseñó una investigación empírica utilizando metodología cualitativa. Se trata de comprobar si el alumnado recuerda en qué consiste el apego, el apego seguro, el apego inseguro ambivalente, el apego inseguro evitativo y el apego desorganizado. Los resultados encontrados muestran, en general, un alto grado de recuerdo, incluso, más de un año después de haber cursado la asignatura. En conclusión, el análisis parece mostrar la utilidad de este tipo de metodología docente para mejorar el aprendizaje del alumnado.This paper forms part of the studies for the improvement of the teaching-learning processes. The main aim is to observe the memory retention level of university students when asked about attachment and attachment patterns, which were explained through simulations and role playing in Developmental Psychology lessons. The 110 participants were drawn from a sample of students of the Faculty of Education - Professorship Formation Center from the Complutense University of Madrid. To reach the proposed aim, an empirical research is designed using quantitative methodology. The question is to verify whether students remember attachment, secure attachment, anxious attachment, avoidant attachment and disorganized attachment. The results show a high memory retention level, even more than a year after having attended the course. In conclusion, analysis reveals the usefulness of implementing this kind of teaching methodology to improve students learning.peerReviewe

A micropower log domain FGMOS filter

In this paper, a CMOS implementation of a low voltage micropower logarithmic biquad based on floating gate MOS transistors (FGMOS) is presented. The translinear principle applied to the floating gate MOS transistor leads to an easy implementation of the state-space equations without using the source terminal in the loop. The voltage supply can be reduced and also there is no need of separate wells. The technique is proven in this low/band pass filter working at 1 V with a maximum power consumption of 2 /spl mu/W. The filter parameters can be adjusted in more than two decades, being the upper frequency around 150 kHz

Determinación de valores normales de sustancia P en líquido cefalorraquídeo de neonatos

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A charge correction cell for FGMOS-based circuits

This paper describes a novel cell used in circuits with Floating Gate MOS transistors (FGMOS) to compensate variations in the device effective threshold voltages caused by the trapped charge at the floating gate. The performance of the circuit is illustrated with experimental results showing a residual error below 1%. This coarse compensation makes possible to reduce charge effects to the same order of magnitude than the conventional mismatching in normal MOS transistors

A 1.25V FGMOS Filter Using Translinear Circuits

This paper presents a new low voltage/low power filter design based on Floating-Gate MOS (FGMOS) transistors. FGMOS transistors are used as primitives to design linear and non-linear (/spl radic/x) circuits. This technique enables a voltage reduction in strong inversion mode, and gives a new vision of the translinear principle, suitable for low voltage applications. Experimental results for 0.8 /spl mu/m low-pass and band-pass filter prototypes are reported