Da criminalidade associada à captura ilícita de amêijoa

Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em CriminologiaO projecto de graduação intitulado "Da criminalidade associada à captura ilícita de amêijoa" tem como objectivo demonstrar a existência da prática de factos típicos e ilícitos relacionados ou derivados da captura ilícita de amêijoa, que é, por si só um ilícito de mera ordenação social. O presente projecto pretende analisar o desenvolvimento da espécie em Portugal, a sua captura e a importância que a mesma representa para as populações ribeirinhas e comunidades piscatórias, que utilizam a apanha deste molusco como actividade complementar, ao exercício da pesca, por ser cada vez mais lucrativa em Portugal. Através de uma abordagem relativa à história, competências e estrutura orgânica e funcional da Polícia Marítima, pretende-se constatar o importante papel deste orgão de polícia criminal na prevenção e actuação perante a captura ilícita de Moluscos Bivalves Vivos e na intervenção da possível criminalidade que lhe poderá estar associada.The graduation project, titled "From the criminality related to the illegal capture of clam", has the purpose of demonstrate the existence of typical and illegal facts concerning the illegal capture of clam, which is by itself an illicit of mere social breaches. This project wants to analyze the development of the specie in Portugal, its capture and the importance that the same represents for the riverine's populations and the fishing communities, which utilize the capture of this mollusk as a complementary activity to fishing for being an increasingly lucrative activity in Portugal. Through a Maritime's Police history and structure analysis, the purpose is to find the important role of this organ of the criminal police on the prevention and acting towards the illegal capture of alive bivalve molluscs but also in the intervention against possible associated criminality.N/

Da criminalidade associada à captura ilícita de amêijoa

Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em CriminologiaO projecto de graduação intitulado "Da criminalidade associada à captura ilícita de amêijoa" tem como objectivo demonstrar a existência da prática de factos típicos e ilícitos relacionados ou derivados da captura ilícita de amêijoa, que é, por si só um ilícito de mera ordenação social. O presente projecto pretende analisar o desenvolvimento da espécie em Portugal, a sua captura e a importância que a mesma representa para as populações ribeirinhas e comunidades piscatórias, que utilizam a apanha deste molusco como actividade complementar, ao exercício da pesca, por ser cada vez mais lucrativa em Portugal. Através de uma abordagem relativa à história, competências e estrutura orgânica e funcional da Polícia Marítima, pretende-se constatar o importante papel deste orgão de polícia criminal na prevenção e actuação perante a captura ilícita de Moluscos Bivalves Vivos e na intervenção da possível criminalidade que lhe poderá estar associada.The graduation project, titled "From the criminality related to the illegal capture of clam", has the purpose of demonstrate the existence of typical and illegal facts concerning the illegal capture of clam, which is by itself an illicit of mere social breaches. This project wants to analyze the development of the specie in Portugal, its capture and the importance that the same represents for the riverine's populations and the fishing communities, which utilize the capture of this mollusk as a complementary activity to fishing for being an increasingly lucrative activity in Portugal. Through a Maritime's Police history and structure analysis, the purpose is to find the important role of this organ of the criminal police on the prevention and acting towards the illegal capture of alive bivalve molluscs but also in the intervention against possible associated criminality.N/

Population analysis and evolution of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitogenomes

The study of mitogenomes allows the unraveling of some paths of yeast evolution that are often not exposed when analyzing the nuclear genome. Although both nuclear and mitochondrial genomes are known to determine phenotypic diversity and fitness, no concordance has yet established between the two, mainly regarding strains’ technological uses and/or geographical distribution. In the current work, we proposed a new method to align and analyze yeast mitogenomes, overcoming current difficulties that make it impossible to obtain comparable mitogenomes for a large number of isolates. To this end, 12,016 mitogenomes were considered, and we developed a novel approach consisting of the design of a reference sequence intended to be comparable between all mitogenomes. Subsequently, the population structure of 6646 Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitogenomes was assessed. Results revealed the existence of particular clusters associated with the technological use of the strains, in particular regarding clinical isolates, laboratory strains, and yeasts used for wine-associated activities. As far as we know, this is the first time that a positive concordance between nuclear and mitogenomes has been reported for S. cerevisiae, in terms of strains’ technological applications. The results obtained highlighted the importance of including the mtDNA genome in evolutionary analysis, in order to clarify the origin and history of yeast species.This work was supported by the strategic programme UID/BIA/04050/2013 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007569) funded by national funds through the FCT I.P., by the ERDF through the COMPETE2020

EVALUATION OF AGREEMENT BETWEEN C/T-13910 POLYMORPHISM GENOTYPING RESULTS AND LACTOSE TOLERANCE TEST RESULTS: A RETROSPECTIVE POPULATION-BASED STUDY IN BRAZIL

ABSTRACT Background: Lactose tolerant test (LTT) is the most broadly used diagnostic test for lactose intolerance in Brazil, is an indirect, minimally invasive and a low-cost test that is widely available in primary care and useful in clinical practice. The C/T-13910 polymorphism in lactase persistence has been well characterized in Caucasian populations, but there are no studies evaluating the concordance between C/T-13910 polymorphism genotyping results and LTT results in Brazil, where the population is highly mixed. Objective: We aimed to evaluate agreement between presence of C/T-13910 polymorphism genotyping and malabsorption in LTT results. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of a Brazilian population whose data were collected from a single laboratory database present in several Brazilian states. Results of individuals who underwent both genetic testing for lactose intolerance (C/T-13910 polymorphism genotyping) and an LTT from April 2016 until February 2019 were analysed to evaluate agreement between tests. Groups were classified according to age (<10-year-old (yo), 10-17 yo, ≥18 yo groups) and state of residence (São Paulo or Rio Grande do Sul). Results: Among the 404 patients evaluated, there was agreement between the genotyping and LTT results in 325 (80.4%) patients and discordance in 79 (19.6%) patients (k=0.42 -moderate agreement). Regarding the genotype, 47 patients with genotype C/C (lactase nonpersistence) had normal LTT results, and 32 with genotype C/T or T/T (indicating lactase persistence) had abnormal LTT results. Neither age nor state of residence (Rio Grande do Sul or São Paulo) affected the agreement between test results. Conclusion: Considering the moderate agreement between C/T-13910 polymorphism genotyping and LTT results (κ=0.42) in the Brazilian population, we hypothesize that an analysis of other polymorphisms could be a strategy to improve the agreement between genotyping and established tests and suggest that additional studies should focus on exploring this approach

Genetic and microenvironmental intra-tumor heterogeneity impacts colorectal cancer evolution and metastatic development

© The Author(s) 2022 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly diverse disease, where different genomic instability pathways shape genetic clonal diversity and tumor microenvironment. Although intra-tumor heterogeneity has been characterized in primary tumors, its origin and consequences in CRC outcome is not fully understood. Therefore, we assessed intra- and inter-tumor heterogeneity of a prospective cohort of 136 CRC samples. We demonstrate that CRC diversity is forged by asynchronous forms of molecular alterations, where mutational and chromosomal instability collectively boost CRC genetic and microenvironment intra-tumor heterogeneity. We were able to depict predictor signatures of cancer-related genes that can foresee heterogeneity levels across the different tumor consensus molecular subtypes (CMS) and primary tumor location. Finally, we show that high genetic and microenvironment heterogeneity are associated with lower metastatic potential, whereas late-emerging copy number variations favor metastasis development and polyclonal seeding. This study provides an exhaustive portrait of the interplay between genetic and microenvironment intra-tumor heterogeneity across CMS subtypes, depicting molecular events with predictive value of CRC progression and metastasis development.This work was financed by national funds from FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., in the scope of the project UIDP/04378/2020 and UIDB/04378/2020 of the Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences - UCIBIO and the project LA/P/0140/2020 of the Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy - i4HB. This research was also funded by: PTDC/MED-ONC/28660/2017 from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) to A.R.G. A.R.G is recipient of Researcher Grant CEECIND/02699/2017 from FCT. The biobanking of CRC samples from Hospital Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal was supported by FCT research grant PIC/IC/82821/2007. This work was produced with the support of INCD funded by FCT and FEDER under the project 22153-01/SAICT/2016.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

"Motivação e desempenho - O papel mediador do comprometimento organizacional"

Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Social e das OrganizaçõesO presente estudo visa explorar a relação entre a motivação (intrínseca e extrínseca) e o desempenho, tal como a existência de um papel mediador do comprometimento organizacional nesta relação. Para tal participaram um total de 216 participantes, vinculados a uma organização do setor da aviação presente em Lisboa, no Porto, em Faro e na Madeira. Os resultados permitem concluir que existe uma relação positiva, estatisticamente significativa, entre a motivação intrínseca e o desempenho, assim como entre a motivação extrínseca e o desempenho, ainda que mais baixa. Em relação ao efeito mediador do comprometimento organizacional, não se verificou a sua existência nem na relação entre a motivação intrínseca e o desempenho, nem na relação entre a motivação extrínseca e o desempenho.ABSTRACT: The present study aims to explore the relationship between motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic) and performance, such as the existence of a mediation role of organizational commitment in this relationship. To this end, participated a total of 216 participants, linked to an organization of the aviation sector present in Lisbon, Porto, Faro and Madeira. ABSTRACT: The results allow us to conclude that there is a positive, statistically significant, relationship between intrinsic motivation and performance, as well as between extrinsic motivation and performance, although lower. Regarding the mediation effect of organizational commitment, it wasn’t verified neither in the relationship between intrinsic motivation and performance, nor in the relationship between extrinsic motivation and performance

Melhoria de uma linha de produção aplicando princípios Lean Thinking numa empresa de componentes para a indústria do ramo automóvel

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia e Gestão IndustrialO projeto individual apresentado nesta dissertação foi realizado no âmbito do 5º ano do Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial. Este teve lugar na empresa BorgWarner Portugal, tendo como principal objetivo a melhoria dos fluxos de uma linha de produção através da aplicação da metodologia Lean Production e pensamento Lean, assim como as suas ferramentas. Este projeto assentou na metodologia de investigação action-research, sendo caraterizada por um processo em que o participante tem um papel ativo. Desta forma, este projeto seguiu as cinco fases da metodologia: 1) diagnóstico e identificação do problema(s); 2) planeamento de ações; 3) implementação de ações selecionadas; 4) avaliação do resultado dessas ações; e 5) especificação da aprendizagem. Durante a primeira fase de análise foram detetadas algumas ineficiências da linha como paragens por falta de material, excesso de stock, desperdícios como transportes e esperas, elevados tempos de setup, lead time e WIP, supermercados não ergonómicos, e desorganização geral. Para esta análise foram usadas algumas ferramentas, como, VSM, método EWA, observações e brainstorming. Posteriormente, após a análise aos problemas identificados, propuseram-se ações de melhoria de forma a reduzi-los. Assim, aplicaram-se ferramentas como análise ABC, SMED, 5S, gestão visual e equação de NIOSH. Além disto, propôs-se uma reestruturação de layout e avaliou-se a capacidade da linha face à procura dos clientes, de forma a balancear o stock necessário e suficiente, para que o supermercado da linha em estudo tenha capacidade para satisfazer esta procura. Para as propostas implementadas foram conseguidos ganhos significativos. Assim, houve uma redução do nível 3 para o nível 2 de risco ergonómico nos supermercados, ganhos de 1769,04€/ano em mão-de-obra parada devido às paragens da linha por falta de material, 2353€/ano em capital empatado devido ao excesso de componentes junto à linha que existia e 7120,36€/ano devido ao excesso de stock de produto final. Além destes, obtiveram-se ganhos acima de 35% em redução de setups das máquinas em estudo. Esperam-se ainda obter outros ganhos das duas propostas que ainda não tinham sido implementadas devido à paragem da fábrica por causa da crise pandémica provocada pelo COVID-19.The individual project presented in this dissertation was carried out within the 5th year of the Integrated Master in Engineering and Industrial Management. This took place at the company BorgWarner Portugal, with the main objective of improving the flows of a production line through the application of Lean Production methodology and Lean thinking, as well as its tools. This project was based on the action-research investigation methodology, being characterized by a process in which the participant has an active role. Thus, this project followed the five phases of the methodology: 1) diagnosis and identification of the problem (s); 2) action planning; 3) implementation of selected actions; 4) evaluation of the result of these actions; and 5) specification of learning. During the first analysis phase, some line inefficiencies were detected, such as stops due to lack of material, excess stock, waste such as transport and waiting, long setup times, lead time and WIP, non-ergonomic supermarkets, and general disorganization. For this analysis, some tools were used, such as VSM, EWA method, observations and brainstorming. Subsequently, after analyzing the identified problems, improvement actions were proposed in order to reduce them. Thus, tools such as ABC analysis, SMED, 5S, visual management and NIOSH equation were applied. In addition, a layout reconfiguration was proposed and the line's capacity was evaluated in view of customer demand, in order to balance the necessary and sufficient stock, so that the supermarket of the line under study has the capacity to satisfy this demand. For the implemented proposals, significant gains were achieved. Thus, there was a reduction from level 3 to level 2 of ergonomic risk in supermarkets, gains of €1769,04/year in stopped labour due to line stops due to lack of material, €2353,00/year in tied capital due to the excess of components next to the existing line and € 7120,36/year due to excess stock of final product. In addition to these, gains of over 35% were obtained by reducing the setups of the machines under study. Other gains are also expected to be obtained from the two proposals that had not yet been implemented due to the shutdown of the factory due to the pandemic crisis caused by COVID-19

A consequência do estilo de vida urbano - as doenças infeciosas

A urbanização é uma das grandes mudanças demográficas mais relevantes do mundo, no entanto é considerada um dos maiores fatores de risco para a saúde humana. Apesar das cidades fornecerem um melhor estilo de vida à população, devido a apresentarem melhor acesso a cuidados de saúde, melhores condições de vida, tendo em consideração fatores culturais, sociais e económicos. No entanto, a vida nas cidades apresenta também inúmeras consequências negativas. O número de pessoas que migram das áreas rurais para as urbanas é cada vez maior, assim sendo prevê-se que no ano de 2050 a população mundial excederá 9 biliões de habitantes e 67% desses, viverão em áreas urbanas. As migrações entre cidades, países e até mesmo continentes, aumenta enormemente o risco de transmissão de doenças infeciosas. Esta revisão teve como objetivo compreender o estilo de vida urbano, fazendo um estudo aprofundado das consequências positivas e negativas deste estilo de vida. Mostra também de que forma as doenças infeciosas podem afetar o ser humano neste tipo de comunidade e qual a importância da resistência antimicrobiana.Urbanization is one of the most important major demographic changes in the world, however it is also considered one of the greatest risk factors for human health. Although cities provide a better lifestyle for the population, due to having better access to health care, better living conditions, taking into account cultural, social and economic factors life in cities also has numerous negative consequences. People migrating from rural to urban areas is increasing, so it is predicted that in the year 2050 the world population will exceed 9 billion inhabitants and 67% of these will live in urban areas. Migration between cities, countries and even continents, greatly increases the risk of transmitting infectious diseases. This review aimed to understand the urban lifestyle, making an in-depth study of the positive and negative consequences of this lifestyle. It also shows how infectious diseases can affect humans in this type of community and the importance of antimicrobial resistance