The evolution of the footwall to the Ronda subcontinental mantle peridotites: insights from the Nieves Unit (western Betic Cordillera)

Strongly heterogeneous deformation and extreme metamorphic gradients characterize the dominantly carbonate Nieves Unit in the footwall to the Ronda mantle extrusion wedge in the western Betic Cordillera. A well-developed foliation and mineral lineation, together with isoclinal intrafolial folds, occur in silicate-bearing, calcite or dolomite marbles within a c. 1.5 km thick metamorphic aureole underlying the peridotites. For the inferred maximum pressure of 300 MPa, petrological investigations allow us to define temperature ranges for the main zones of the metamorphic aureole: >510 °C (probably c. 700 °C) for the forsterite zone; 510–430 °C for the diopside zone; 430–360 °C for the tremolite zone; 360–330 °C for the phlogopite zone. Field structural analysis integrated with petrological, microstructural and electron backscatter diffraction textural data document large finite strains consistent with general shear within the metamorphic aureole, associated with NW-directed thrusting of the peridotites. On the other hand, post-kinematic silicate growth suggests that heat diffusion from the high-temperature peridotites continued after the final emplacement of the Ronda mantle extrusion wedge, leading to final zoning of the metamorphic aureole and to local partial annealing of calcite marble textures, particularly in the highest-temperature zone of the thermally softened footwall carbonates. Following substantial cooling, renewed crustal shortening affected the whole Nieves Unit, resulting in widespread development of NE–SW-trending meso-scale folds

Time resolved confocal luminescence investigations on Reverse Proton Exchange Nd:LiNbO3 channel waveguides

This paper was published in Optics Express and is made available as an electronic reprint with the permission of OSA. The paper can be found at the following URL on the OSA website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.15.008805. Systematic or multiple reproduction or distribution to multiple locations via electronic or other means is prohibited and is subject to penalties under la

Monitoring dynamics of human adenovirus disassembly induced by mechanical fatigue

The standard pathway for virus infection of eukaryotic cells requires disassembly of the viral shell to facilitate release of the viral genome into the host cell. Here we use mechanical fatigue, well below rupture strength, to induce stepwise disruption of individual human adenovirus particles under physiological conditions, and simultaneously monitor disassembly in real time. Our data show the sequence of dismantling events in individual mature (infectious) and immature (noninfectious) virions, starting with consecutive release of vertex structures followed by capsid cracking and core exposure. Further, our experiments demonstrate that vertex resilience depends inextricably on maturation, and establish the relevance of penton vacancies as seeding loci for virus shell disruption. The mechanical fatigue disruption route recapitulates the adenovirus disassembly pathway in vivo, as well as the stability differences between mature and immature virionsWe acknowledge funding by grants from the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain, PIB2010US-00233, FIS2011-29493, Consolider CSD2010-00024 and CAM project and the Comunidad de Madrid No. S2009/MAT-1467 to P. J. P.; BFU2010-16382/BMC to C.S.M.; and FIS2011-16090-E to C.S.M. and P.J.P. S.J.F acknowledges funding from the National Institutes of Health, USA (GM037705 and AI1058172). A.J.P.-B. holds a Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral contract from the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain; A.O.-E. and R.M.-C. are recipients of predoctoral fellowships from the Ministry of Education and the Instituto de Salud Carlos III of Spain, respectivel

Planetary nebulae abundances and stellar evolution

A summary is given of planetary nebulae abundances from ISO measurements. It is shown that these nebulae show abundance gradients (with galactocentric distance), which in the case of neon, argon, sulfur and oxygen (with four exceptions) are the same as HII regions and early type star abundance gradients. The abundance of these elements predicted from these gradients at the distance of the Sun from the center are exactly the solar abundance. Sulfur is the exception to this; the reason for this is discussed. The higher solar neon abundance is confirmed; this is discussed in terms of the results of helioseismology. Evidence is presented for oxygen destruction via ON cycling having occurred in the progenitors of four planetary nebulae with bilobal structure. These progenitor stars had a high mass, probably greater than 5 solar masses. This is deduced from the high values of He/H and N/H found in these nebulae. Formation of nitrogen, helium and carbon are discussed. The high mass progenitors which showed oxygen destruction are shown to have probably destroyed carbon as well. This is probably the result of hot bottom burning.Comment: 9 pages, 2 Tables, 8 figures, A&A in pres

PPAK Integral Field Spectroscopy survey of the Orion Nebula: Data Release

We present a low-resolution spectroscopic survey of the Orion nebula which data we release for public use. In this article, we intend to show the possible applications of this dataset analyzing some of the main properties of the nebula. We perform an integral field spectroscopy mosaic of an area of ~5' X 6' centered on the Trapezium region of the nebula, including the ionization front to the south-east. The analysis of the line fluxes and line ratios of both the individual and integrated spectra allowed us to determine the main characteristics of the ionization throughtout the nebula.The final dataset comprises 8182 individual spectra, which sample each one a circular area of \~2.7" diameter. The data can be downloaded as a single row-stacked spectra fits file plus a position table or as an interpolated datacube with a final sampling of 1.5"/pixel. The integrated spectrum across the field-of-view was used to obtain the main integrated properties of the nebula, including the electron density and temperature, the dust extinction, the Halpha integrated flux (after correcting for dust reddening), and the main diagnostic line ratios. The individual spectra were used to obtain line intensity maps of the different detected lines. These maps were used to study the distribution of the ionized hydrogen, the dust extinction, the electron density and temperature, and the helium and oxygen abundance...Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publishing in Astronomy & Astrophysic

Autonomía, consentimiento e historia clínica en la enseñanza odontológica regional

El propósito de la presente investigación fue medir el nivel de conocimientos éticos vinculados con la praxis odontológica y el nivel de implementación clínica de postulados bioéticos. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo sobre variables: nivel de conocimientos teóricos sobre Bioética y práctica clínica del consentimiento informado. Se tomaron dos instrumentos a una muestra azarosa de 104 alumnos regulares del ciclo Clínico de la Carrera de Odontología de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de La República (Montevideo, Uruguay).Facultad de Odontologí

Autonomía, consentimiento e historia clínica en la enseñanza odontológica regional

El propósito de la presente investigación fue medir el nivel de conocimientos éticos vinculados con la praxis odontológica y el nivel de implementación clínica de postulados bioéticos. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo sobre variables: nivel de conocimientos teóricos sobre Bioética y práctica clínica del consentimiento informado. Se tomaron dos instrumentos a una muestra azarosa de 104 alumnos regulares del ciclo Clínico de la Carrera de Odontología de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de La República (Montevideo, Uruguay).Facultad de Odontologí

Autonomía, consentimiento e historia clínica en la enseñanza odontológica regional

El propósito de la presente investigación fue medir el nivel de conocimientos éticos vinculados con la praxis odontológica y el nivel de implementación clínica de postulados bioéticos. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo sobre variables: nivel de conocimientos teóricos sobre Bioética y práctica clínica del consentimiento informado. Se tomaron dos instrumentos a una muestra azarosa de 104 alumnos regulares del ciclo Clínico de la Carrera de Odontología de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de La República (Montevideo, Uruguay).Facultad de Odontologí

Enseñanza de conceptos éticos, bioéticos y legales en el currículum odontológico

Hoy día la implementación del PCI (Proceso de Consentimiento Informado) en el ejercicio de la Odontología ha posibilitado una nueva relación clínica odontólogo-paciente. La situación descripta generó la modificación del modelo clínico dentro del currículum odontológico instando progresivamente la incorporación de procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje del nuevo paradigma bioético emergente. Diferentes Casas de Estudios lo fueron incorporando a sus diseños curiculares a través de sus prácticas clínicas. El propósito de la presente investigación fue medir el nivel de conocimientos éticos y procedimientos legales que sustentan la incorporación clínica del PCI en las prácticas realizadas por alumnos de Odontología. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo sobre las variables: nivel de conocimientos teóricos y ejecución del proceso de consentimiento informado. Se registró un autorreporte estructurado, voluntario y anónimo a una muestra azarosa de 104 alumnos regulares del ciclo Clínico de la Carrera de Odontología de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de La República (Montevideo, Uruguay).Investigación subsidiada por AUGM.Facultad de Odontologí

Miro-1 links mitochondria and microtubule dynein motors to control lymphocyte migration and polarity

The recruitment of leukocytes to sites of inflammation is crucial for a functional immune response. In the present work, we explored the role of mitochondria in lymphocyte adhesion, polarity, and migration. We show that during adhesion to the activated endothelium under physiological flow conditions, lymphocyte mitochondria redistribute to the adhesion zone together with the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) in an integrin-dependent manner. Mitochondrial redistribution and efficient lymphocyte adhesion to the endothelium require the function of Miro-1, an adaptor molecule that couples mitochondria to microtubules. Our data demonstrate that Miro-1 associates with the dynein complex. Moreover, mitochondria accumulate around the MTOC in response to the chemokine CXCL12/SDF-1α this redistribution is regulated by Miro-1. CXCL12-dependent cell polarization and migration are reduced in Miro-1-silenced cells, due to impaired myosin II activation at the cell uropod and diminished actin polymerization. These data point to a key role of Miro-1 in the control of lymphocyte adhesion and migration through the regulation of mitochondrial redistribution.This study was supported by SAF2011-25834 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, INDISNET-S2011/BMD-2332 from the Comunidad de Madrid, Red Cardiovascular RD 12-0042-0056 from Instituto Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), and ERC-2011-AdG 294340- GENTRIS. J.M.G.-G. received salary support from the Miguel Servet (CP11/00145) ISCIII program. R.V.-B. was supported by a Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral contract from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competiveness (JCI-2011-09663