Atomic-scale coexistence of short-range magnetic order and superconductivity in Fe1+ySe0.1Te0.9

Funding: UK EPSRC (EP/I031014/1) (HZ, J-PR, and PW)The ground state of the parent compounds of many high-temperature superconductors is an antiferromagnetically ordered phase, where superconductivity emerges when the antiferromagnetic phase transition is suppressed by doping or application of pressure. This behavior implies a close relation between the two orders. Examining the interplay between them promises a better understanding of how the superconducting condensate forms from the antiferromagnetically ordered background. Here we explore this relation in real space at the atomic scale using low-temperature spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. We investigate the transition from antiferromagnetically ordered Fe1+yTe via the spin-glass phase in Fe1+ySe0.1Te0.9 to superconducting Fe1+ySe0.15Te0.85. In Fe1+ySe0.1Te0.9 we observe an atomic-scale coexistence of superconductivity and short-ranged bicollinear antiferromagnetic order. However, a direct correlation between the two orders is not observed, supporting the scenario of s± superconducting symmetry in this material. Our work demonstrates a direct probe of the relation between the two orders, which is indispensable for our understanding of high-temperature superconductivity.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Estimating Extracellular Fluid Volume in Healthy Individuals: Evaluation of Existing Formulae and Development of a New Equation

peer reviewedIntroduction: Several clinical settings require an accurate estimation of the physiologically expected extracellular fluid volume (ECFV). We aimed to analyze the performances of existing ECFV-estimating equations and to develop a new equation. Methods: The performances of 11 ECFV-estimating equations were analyzed in 228 healthy kidney donor candidates (Bichat Hospital, Paris, France) who underwent ECFV measurement using the distribution volume of 51Cr-labeled EDTA (51Cr-EDTA). An equation was developed using a penalized linear modeling approach (elastic net regression) and externally (Tenon Hospital, Paris, France, N = 142) validated. Results: Participants from Bichat (mean age 45.2 ± 12.0 years, 43.0% men) and Tenon (47.8 ± 10.3 years, 29.6% men) hospitals had a mean measured ECFV of 15.4 ± 2.8 l and 15.1 ± 2.1 l, respectively. Available ECFV-estimating formulae have highly variable precision and accuracy. The new equation incorporating body weight, height, sex, and age had better precision and accuracy than all other equations in the external validation cohort, with a median bias of −0.20 (95% CI: −0.35 to −0.05) l versus −2.63 (−2.87 to −2.42) l to −0.57 (− 0.83 to −0.40) l and 0.21 (0.12 to 0.43) l to 2.89 (2.65 to 3.11) l, for underestimating and overestimating equations, respectively, an interquartile range for the bias of 0.88 (0.70 to 1.08) l versus 0.91 (0.71 to 1.20) l to 1.93 (1.67 to 2.25) l, and an accuracy within 10% of 90.9% (83.8 to 94.4) versus 88.0% (81.0 to 92.3) to 8.5% (4.2 to 13.4). These results were consistent across subgroups defined by sex, body mass index (BMI), body surface area (BSA), age, and ethnicity. Conclusion: We developed and validated a new equation to estimate the individual reference value of ECFV, which is easily usable in clinical practice. Further validation in cohorts including individuals of extreme age and corpulence remains needed

Le concept TGV, des origines au TGV pendulaire

Given the French official projects of high speed train, several new lines should have been built during the 90’. That has not been the case because many factors of sticking have arisen. It is now obvious that the construction of important length of new lines leads to a dead end. The development of railway high speed has to seek another solution. One can be found thanks to the pendular technology which offers interesting prospects. Joined with new methods of control and signal (European Train Control System and European Rail Traffic Management System), the pendular technology allows an optimization of the whole railway network: both of the new and standard lines. The most important advantage of this new technology lies in the feasible staggering of investments in new infrastructures. So, with the same amount of capital, and in a perspective of fitting out the territory, a number of projects can be developed simultaneously.Au vu du schéma directeur du TGV adopté en 1992, les lignes nouvelles auraient dû être construites à un rythme soutenu dans les années 90. Cela n’a pas été le cas car de multiples facteurs de blocages sont apparus. Ainsi, aujourd’hui, la construction de longueurs importantes de lignes nouvelles constitue une impasse. Le développement de la grande vitesse ferroviaire doit chercher une autre solution. Elle existe grâce au renouveau du matériel roulant sous la forme du TGV pendulaire. Associé aux nouvelles méthodes de signalisation et de contrôle-commande (European Train Control System et European Rail Traffic Management System), la technologie pendulaire permet d’optimiser l’ensemble du réseau classique et du réseau grande vitesse. Notamment car la limitation des investissements nouveaux en infrastructure autorise un échelonnement des réalisations et donc, à enveloppe financière donnée, le développement simultané de plusieurs projets dans une perspective d’aménagement du territoire

Comparing SILAC and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis for measuring cyclosporine A-induced quantitative changes in protein expression

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A Prognostic Tool for Individualized Prediction of Graft Failure Risk within Ten Years after Kidney Transplantation

Identification of patients at risk of kidney graft loss relies on early individual prediction of graft failure. Data from 616 kidney transplant recipients with a follow-up of at least one year were retrospectively studied. A joint latent class model investigating the impact of serum creatinine (Scr) time-trajectories and onset of de novo donor-specific anti-HLA antibody (dnDSA) on graft survival was developed. The capacity of the model to calculate individual predicted probabilities of graft failure over time was evaluated in 80 independent patients. The model classified the patients in three latent classes with significantly different Scr time profiles and different graft survivals. Donor age contributed to explaining latent class membership. In addition to the SCr classes, the other variables retained in the survival model were proteinuria measured one-year after transplantation (HR=2.4, p=0.01), pretransplant non-donor-specific antibodies (HR=3.3, p<0.001), and dnDSA in patient who experienced acute rejection (HR=15.9, p=0.02). In the validation dataset, individual predictions of graft failure risk provided good predictive performances (sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy of graft failure prediction at ten years were 77.7%, 95.8%, and 85%, resp.) for the 60 patients who had not developed dnDSA. For patients with dnDSA individual risk of graft failure was not predicted with a so good performance

An adjustable predictive score of graft survival in kidney transplant patients and the levels of risk linked to de novo donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies.

International audienceMost predictive models and scores of graft survival in renal transplantation include factors known before transplant or at the end of the first year. They cannot be updated thereafter, even in patients developing donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies and acute rejection.We developed a conditional and adjustable score for prediction of graft failure (AdGFS) up to 10 years post-transplantation in 664 kidney transplant patients. AdGFS was externally validated and calibrated in 896 kidney transplant patients.The final model included five baseline factors (pretransplant non donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies, donor age, serum creatinine measured at 1 year, longitudinal serum creatinine clusters during the first year, proteinuria measured at 1 year), and two predictors updated over time (de novo donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies and first acute rejection). AdGFS was able to stratify patients into four risk-groups, at different post-transplantation times. It showed good discrimination (time-dependent ROC curve at ten years: 0.83 (CI95% 0.76-0.89)

Structural patterns of the human ABCC4/MRP4 exporter in lipid bilayers rationalize clinically observed polymorphisms

International audienc

Atomic-scale coexistence of short-range magnetic order and superconductivity in Fe_1+ySe_0.1Te_0.9

The ground state of the parent compounds of many high-temperature superconductors is an antiferromagnetically ordered phase, where superconductivity emerges when the antiferromagnetic phase transition is suppressed by doping or application of pressure. This behavior implies a close relation between the two orders. Examining the interplay between them promises a better understanding of how the superconducting condensate forms from the antiferromagnetically ordered background. Here we explore this relation in real space at the atomic scale using low-temperature spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. We investigate the transition from antiferromagnetically ordered Fe1+yTe via the spin-glass phase in Fe1+ySe0.1Te0.9 to superconducting Fe1+ySe0.15Te0.85. In Fe1+ySe0.1Te0.9 we observe an atomic-scale coexistence of superconductivity and short-ranged bicollinear antiferromagnetic order. However, a direct correlation between the two orders is not observed, supporting the scenario of s± superconducting symmetry in this material. Our work demonstrates a direct probe of the relation between the two orders, which is indispensable for our understanding of high-temperature superconductivity

Risk of diarrhoea in a long-term cohort of renal transplant patients given mycophenolate mofetil: the significant role of the UGT1A8*2 variant allele

International audienceAIM: In renal transplant patients given mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), we investigated the relationship between the digestive adverse events and polymorphisms in the UGT genes involved in mycophenolic acid (MPA) intestinal metabolism and biliary excretion of its phase II metabolites. METHODS: Clinical data and DNA from 256 patients transplanted between 1996 and 2006 and given MMF with cyclosporin (CsA, n = 185), tacrolimus (TAC, n = 49) or sirolimus (SIR, n = 22), were retrospectively analysed. The relationships between diarrhoea and polymorphisms in UGT1A8 (2; 518C>G, 3; 830G>A), UGT1A7 (622C>T), UGT1A9 (-275T>A), UGT2B7 (-840G>A) and ABCC2 (-24C>T, 3972C>T) or the co-administered immunosuppressant were investigated using the Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS: Multivariate analysis showed that patients on TAC or SIR had a 2.8 higher risk of diarrhoea than patients on CsA (HR = 2.809; 95%CI (1.730, 4.545); P < 0.0001) and that non-carriers of the UGT1A8 2 allele (CC518 genotype) had a higher risk of diarrhoea than carriers (C518G and 518GG genotypes) (HR = 1.876; 95%CI (1.109, 3.175); P = 0.0192). When patients were divided according to the immunosuppressive co-treatment, a significant effect of UGT1A8 2 was found in those co-treated with CsA (HR = 2.414; 95%CI (1.089, 5.354); P = 0.0301) but not TAC or SIR (P = 0.4331). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that a possible inhibition of biliary excretion of MPA metabolites by CsA and a decreased intestinal production of these metabolites in UGT1A8 2 carriers may be protective factors against MMF-induced diarrhoea