Cultural Propaganda Exhibitions of the British Council in Ankara in the 1940s

The axis and allied powers, mainly Germany and Britain, used propaganda in Turkey throughout Second World War in an attempt to persuade Turkey to become an ally. Britain was at the forefront of this movement and held films, conferences, language courses etc at the British Council, which was established in 1934, to promote English language, cultural accumulation, art and architecture. The council, the first office of which was opened in Ankara in 1940, succeeded in strengthening the diplomatic relationships between the two countries by extensively raising public opinion across the country through its activities. Exhibitions, which are a highly effective method of communication for large groups, were organized in the capital Ankara by the British Council during and after Second World War as a vehicle of cultural propaganda to exhibit art and graphics, architecture, educational institutions, books, urbanism, furniture and photography. The pro-British exhibitions provided the opportunity to establish close relations with Turkish Government officials; and so can be seen to have served Britain’s propaganda efforts to secure Turkey as an ally, both during and after the war. Although Britain actually failed to persuade Turkey to become a war ally, these exhibitions carried out by the British Council did succeeded in introducing the English language, culture and lifestyle to the country, and thus creating positive Turkish-British relations even after the war. While the British Council continues to conduct such activities, the exhibitions held by the British Council, which are the subject of the study, are limited to those of the 1940s. The study uses archive documents, news in periodical publications and information obtained from exhibition catalogues to address questions such as the dates of the exhibitions, the areas and works exhibited, the views of the Turkish government, the public, and the press of these exhibitions, as well as the relevance of the exhibitions in their period and how they compared to similar activities by other countries. The study, which is entitled “The Cultural Propaganda Exhibitions of the British Council in Ankara in the 1940’s” and focuses on the exhibition activities organized by the British Council in Ankara during the 10-year period between 1940-1950, concludes that reasons such as the propaganda that occured during World War II, the changing global political balances after the war, and the increasing importance of alliances, all lead the delegation to conduct an intense program of activities in Turkey during those years

Adapting behavioral pediatric feeding assessment scale (bpfas) to Turkish

Bu çalışma, pediatride yeme davranışını saptamak amacıyla kullanılan, ebeveynin yanıtladığı, Behavioral Pediatrics Feeding Assessment Scale (BPFAS)’ın Türkçe’ye uyarlanması amacıyla planlanmış ve yürütülmüştür. Çalışma 2 ilkokul ve 2 anaokul toplam 4 okulda eğitim gören çocukların ebeveynleri (n:241) çalışma örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Çalışmaya gönüllü olarak katılmayı kabul eden ebeveynler toplamda 241 kişidir. Ebeveynlere ölçek formu uygulanmıştır. Ebeveynlere ve çocuklara ait demografik özellikler ve BPFAS’ın Türkçe’ye çevrilmiş şekli olan, Davranışsal Pediatrik Besleme Değerlendirmesi Ölçeği (DPBDÖ) sorgulanmıştır. DPBDÖ’nin Türkçeye uyarlama çalışmaları için iki dili de iyi konuşan ve anlayan, uzmanlığı İngilizce olan öğretim görevlileri tarafından İngilizce’den Türkçe’ye çevrilmiş, ardından tekrar İngilizce’ye çevrilmiş ve maddeler karşılaştırılmıştır. Gerekli düzeltmeler yapıldıktan sonra form tekrar Türkçe’ye çevrilmiştir. Karar verilen maddeler 8 alan uzmanının görüşüne sunulmuş ve ölçeğe son hali verilmiştir. Uygulamaların ardından çocuğa ait olan 25 madde için geçerlik güvenirlik analizleri yapılmış, Türk toplumuna uygunluğu sınanmıştır. Ölçeğin 24 madde dört alt boyutlu versiyonu için Cronbach α= .88 olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, ölçeğin test-tekrar test güvenirliği de .88 olarak bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliğini belirlemek amacıyla doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin değerlendirilmesinde; ölçekten alınan puan arttıkça, yeme sorunlarının arttığı yorumu yapılmaktadır. Yapılan istatistiksel analizler sonucunda, BPFAS’dan Türkçe’ye uyarlanan (DPBDÖ)’nin Türkiye’de uygulanabilir, geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu belirlenmiştir.This research is planned and conducted to evaluate validity and reliability of adaptation of Behavioral Pediatrics Feeding Assessment Scale, which is used to detect eating behaviors in pediatrics and answered by parents, into Turkish. The research sample is the parents of children selected from 2 primary schools and 2 kindergardens in total. Parents who voluntarily participate in this research are 241 individuals in total. The scale form has been applied to the parents. The Turkish version of Behavioral Pediatric Nutrition Assessment Scale (BPFAS), was questioned for demographic characteristics of parents of children. In the context of adapting BPFAS to Turkish, the scale is translated first from English to Turkish; and then translated back to English by specialists whose proficiency is in English; and items are compared. After the necessary corrections were made, the form was translated back into Turkish. The scale is finalized after receiving feedbacks on the decided items from 8 specialist of this area. Following the applications, validity and reliability evaluations were completed by testing its appropriateness for Turkish. The Cronbach alpha index was found as .88 for all 24 items of the scale with four factor version. Moreover, the correlation index for test-retest reliability of the scale is found as .88. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to determine the validity of the scale. When evaluating the scale, it was commented that as the points received from the scale increase, the level of eating disorders also increase. As a result of the statistical analysis, it was determined that BPFAS adapted to Turkish (DPBDÖ) is a valid and reliable measurement tool for Turkey

Anxiety Symptoms in Healthcare Workers and Their Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey

Aim: Infectious disease outbreaks not only affect the physical health of patients but also affect the psychological health and well-being of the uninfected population. High rates of psychiatric symptoms and stress are observed in the general population in COVID-19 pandemic and healthcare workers (HCWs) reported higher-risk perception and anxiety level. We aimed to evaluate the anxiety levels of HCWs and their children during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey.Materials and Methods: A total of 121 HCWs and 121 HCWs’ children aged 8-17 were included from 23 different cities to assess the anxiety level of them during the COVID-19 pandemic by using an online questionnaire. The Beck Anxiety Inventory and the parent Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) were applied to all the HCWs. The child SCARED which has a self-report scale for children of the HCWs had completed. COVID-19 Pandemic Questionnaire was applied to determine stress levels and lifestyle changes.Results: All of the HCWs had mild to severe anxiety, about 17% reported moderate and 27% reported severe anxiety severity. 40 (33.06%) children were over cut-off for total score in both SCARED the parents and the child version. Children anxiety showed a positive correlation with Beck Anxiety Inventory and COVID-19 Pandemic Questionnaire (<0.001).Conclusion:The current study found that HCWs and their children experienced a high level of anxiety in the COVID-19 pandemic. It was detected that a positive correlation between HCWs and their children’s anxiety

Two newborn case reports diagnosed as Walker Warburg syndrome

Walker-Warburg sendromu (WWS) otozomal resesif (OR) geçişgösteren, retinal ve serebral anomaliler ile karakterize bir konjenital muskuler distrofidir. Bu makalede, öyküde akraba evliliğiolan hipotoni, makrosefali, tipik MR bulguları ve yüksek kreatinin kinaz düzeyi ile WWS tanısı koyduğumuz iki olgu sunulacaktır. Bu olguların sunulmasındaki amaç WWS için karakteristik vediagnostik olan MR bulgularını vurgulamak, nadir görülen busendrom için pediatristlerin yanı sıra radyologların da dikkatiniçekmek, OR geçiş göstermesi nedeniyle aileye verilecek danışmanlığın önemini vurgulamaktır.Walker-Warburg Syndrome (WWS) is a an inherited autosomal recessive congenital muscular atrophy characterized by retinal and cerebral anomalies. In this report two cases who had history of consanguineous marriage diagnosed as WWS according to findings of hypotonia, typical MR images and high creatini-ne phosphokinase levels, were presented. The aim of presenting these cases was to emphasize the characteristic and diagnostic MR findings for WWS, to distract attention of radiologists and pediatricians to this rarely seen syndrome and to emphasize the genetic counseling of families due to autosomal recessive inheritance of WWS

Sequence Design for the University Students

According to the university students in our country, being able to perform the ergonomic sequence and under sequence design can only be achieved by determining the anthropometric measurements that are specific to them. This study was conducted among 400 students (200 males; 200 females) and belonging to Ankara University Faculty of Letters students which were selected randomly. 16 Anthropometric measurements were measured from each students. In order to ergonomic sequence and under sequence design height, sting height maximum body wideness were measured. Anthropometric Measurements mean, significance and percentage data analysis was made and evaluated. The ergonomic sequence and under sequence design were conducted with the help of university students measurements It was observed that the pre-made ergonomic sequence and under sequence design used by the students at our faculty were designed and produced without taking into account the anthropometric dimensions in Turkey and as well other countries. Our future guaranty is student which plays an important role in providing significant contributions and motivation to education and training, and role in the development and the settlement of students’ capabilities of planned work, order, cleanliness and organization. The contribution of each type of product designed and manufactured ergonomically for the students to be healthy is undeniable to their development

Timokinon metotreksatın neden olduğu kalp hasarını azaltır: sıçanlarda histopatolojik bir çalışma

Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of thymoquinone on cardiac tissue in MTX-induced cardiac toxicity in rats with various parameters. Materials and Methods: Group I (n=8) was administered intraperitoneal saline for 10 days. Intraperitoneal olive oil was applied to Group II (n=8) for 10 days. Group III (n=8) received 10 mg/kg Thymoquinone (THQ) intraperitoneally for 10 days. Group IV (n=8) was administered a single dose of 20 mg/kg Methotrexate (MTX), 500 mg/20 ml, intraperitoneally on the 1st day of the experiment. Group V (n=8) MTX: 20 mg/kg single dose intraperitoneally on the 1st day; THQ: 10mg/kg i.p. administered for 10 days. Since Methotrexate was in liquid form, no solvent was used. At the end of the experimental period, the rats were sacrificed for analysis of heart tissue. The structure of heart tissue was evaluated by hematoxylin eosin staining. Immunohistochemically, Connexin-43, HSP90, and HIF 1α antibodies were stained. Results: Group IV was found to have histopathological deterioration, which was ameliorated by THQ. In addition to this; Connexin-43 immunoreactivity was the lowest in Group IV compared to other groups: 108.5±7.4. Compared to other groups, HSP90 immunoreactivity was highest in Group IV: 103.6±10.4. Compared to other groups, HIF-1α immunoreactivity was highest in Group IV: 95.2 ±9.1. Conclusion: Thymoquinone has a positive effect on Connexin-43, one of the proteins providing conduction in intercalary discs, HSP90, one of the chaperones in the cell and HIF-1α expression against MTX toxicity. At the same time, THQ provides a significant improvement in cardiac tissue histopathologically by showing a cardioprotective effect

Evaluation of serum prolactin le-vels in children with febrile and afebrile convulsions

Bu çalışmada, konvülziyon geçiren çocuklarda serum prolaktin düzeyine bakarak epileptik durumları nonepileptik durumlardan ayırt etmede bu ölçütü kullanıp kullanamayacağımızı değerlendirmek istedik. Gereç ve yöntem: Haydarpaşa Numune Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Kliniği’ne febril ve afebril konvülziyon geçirerek getirilen 2 yıllık süreçteki toplam 51 olgu analiz edildi. Febril konvülziyon geçiren 8 erkek, 9 kız yaşları 32,8+- 22,9 ay olan toplam 17 çocuk grup 1’i oluşturdu. Grup 2 de ise ortalama yaş 76,4+- 48,4 ay olan 20 erkek, 14 kız toplam 34 çocuktan oluştu. Grup 3 ise 24 erkek, 26 kız poliklini ğimize konvülziyon dışı yakınmayla başvuran toplam 50 çocuktan oluşan kontrol grubuydu. Olgularda konvülziyon sonrası 1. saatte, 2. saatte ve 24. saatte venöz kan alınarak serum prolaktin düzeyi bakıldı. Bulgular: Serum prolaktin birinci saat değerleri afebril grupta (grup 2), febril gruba (grup 1) göre anlamlı yüksek bulundu. Serum prolaktininin postkonvulzif 24. saat değeri açısından 3 grup karşılaştırıldığında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmedi. Sonuç: Çalışmamız afebril konvülziyonda birinci saatte bakılan prolaktin düzeyinin anlamlı yüksekliği bize epileptik nöbetlerin nonepileptik durumlardan ayrımında, EEG monitorizasyonu zor ula- şılabilir bir yöntem olduğu için, bu yöntemi kullanabileceğimizi göstermektedir.In this study, we wanted to evaluate if we can use the serum prolactin levels as a marker in differential diagnosis epileptic syndromes and non epileptic ones. Materials and methods We analyzed totally 51 children during two years who were admitted to our clinic by having experienced febrile or afebrile convulsions. Group 1 included 8 male and 9 female totally 17 children whose mean ages were 32.8+/- 22.9 months and had febrile convulsions. Group 2 had 20 males and 14 females 76.4 +/- 48.4 months aged totally 34 children who had experienced afebrile convulsions. Group 3 included 24 males 26 females who had no neurologic symptoms or convulsions but taken to our clinic by other symptomatologies. Blood samples of cases were evaluated in the first hour, in the second and 24.hour of post convulsive follow-up. Results: We found that serum prolactin levels were significantly higher in the afebril convulsive group (group 2) than in the febrile convulsive group (group1). Serum prolactin levels of post convulsive 24.hour determination revealed no statistically difference between the three groups. Conclusion: In this study, we concluded that, we can use serum prolactin levels in the first hour of post convulsive follow-up for differential diagnosis of epileptic syndromes and non epileptic ones, since EEG monitorization is a hardly performed evaluation

Çocuklarda dirençli epilepsi gelişimini belirleyen faktörler

Amaç: Dirençli epilepsi gelişme riski yüksek olan çocuk hastaların erken belirlenmesi, hastaların ve ailelerinin hazırlanması, seçilmiş hastalarda çoklu antiepileptik ilaç (AEİ) tedavilerinin uygulanması ve epilepsi cerrahisi açısından erken dönemde değerlendirilmesi açısından faydalı olacaktır. Biz bu çalışmada, dirençli epilepsi tanısıyla izlenen hasta grubumuzda dirençliliği belirleyen faktörleri incelemeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Başkent Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı, Çocuk Nöroloji Bilim Dalı Ankara polikliniğinde 2008-2016 yılları arasında, Uluslararası Epilepsi ile Savaş Derneği’nin kriterlerine göre dirençli epilepsi tanısı alan, yaşları 1-17 arasında olan 100 çocuk hasta ve aynı bölümde epilepsi tanısıyla takipli, nöbetleri ilaç tedavisi ile kontrol altında olan, yaş ve cinsiyet olarak benzer özelliklere sahip 200 çocuk hasta çalışmaya alındı. Hastaların dosya bilgilerinden, demografik özellikleri perinatal ve postnatal hikâyeleri / komplikasyonları, aile hikâyeleri, epilepsi özellikleri, nörolojik muayene, EEG ve nörogörüntüleme bulguları ve tedavi verileri değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Dirençli epilepsi ve kontrol grubundaki hastalarda yaş ve cinsiyet açısından fark saptanmadı. Dirençli epilepsi gelişimi için risk faktörleri; status epileptikus öyküsü varlığı (p<0,001), psikiyatrik bozukluk (p=0,05), mental gerilik (p<0,001), motor gerilik (p<0,001) olması, ilk nöbetin jeneralize tipte olması (p<0,005), semptomatik epilepsi varlığı (p<0,001), nöbet başlangıç yaşının iki yaşın altında olması (p<0,01), başlangıçta ve takiplerde daha sık nöbet olması (p<0,001), manyetik rezonans görüntülemede anormal bulgular olması (p<0,001) ve takiplerdeki EEG bulgularının fokal tipte olması (p<0,001) olarak saptandı. Bu faktörler lojistik regresyon analiziyle tekrar değerlendirildiğinde mental gerilik (OR=5,392, %95 GA: 2,251-11,533, p=0,000), motor gerilik (OR=4,028, %95 GA: 1,734-9,359, p=0,001) ve ilk nöbet tipinin jeneralize tipte olması (OR=2,483, %95 GA: 1,271-4,853, p=0,008) bağımsız risk faktörü olarak belirlendi. Sonuç: Çocuklarda dirençli epilepsi gelişimi bu risk faktörlerini araştırarak öngörülebilir. Dirençli epilepsi gelişebilecek hastalarda yeni AEİ denenebilir ve ketojenik diyet, cerrahi girişim gibi tedavi yöntemleri için hasta erkenden hazırlanabilir. Purpose: Early detection of childhood patients with a high risk of developing resistant epilepsy will be beneficial in the early evaluation of patients and their families in terms of the application of multiple antiepileptic drug (AED) therapies and epilepsy surgery in selected patients. In this study, we aimed to investigate the determinants of resistance in our patient group who were diagnosed with resistant epilepsy. Material and Method: In the Başkent University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatric Neurology policlinic,100 pediatric patients between the ages of 1-17 who are diagnosed with resistant epilepsy according to the criteria of International Association for the Combat of Epilepsy, between 2008-2016 and 200 pediatric patients with epileptic seizures controlled by drug therapy, who have the same age and gender characteristics were included in the study. Perinatal and postnatal histories / complications, family history, epileptic characteristics, neurologic examination, EEG and neuroimaging findings and treatment data were evaluated from the patient's file information. Results: There was no difference in age and gender in patients with resistant epilepsy and control group. Risk factors for development of resistant epilepsy are; presence of status epilepticus story (p<0,001), psychiatric disorder (p=0,05), mental retardation (p<0,001), motor retardation (p<0,001), generalized type of epileptic seizure in first seizure (p<0,005), symptomatic epilepsy (p<0,001), presence of seizure onset below two years of age (p<0,01), frequent seizures at baseline and follow-up (p<0,001), abnormal findings in magnetic resonance imaging (p<0,001) and EEG findings wtih focal type (p<0,001). When these factors were reevaluated by logistic regression analysis, mental retardation (OR=5,392, 95% GA: 2,251-11,533, p=0,000), motor retardation (OR=4,028, 95% GA: 1,734-9,359, p=0,001) generalized type of epileptic seizure in first seizure (OR=2,483, 95% CI: 1,271-4,853, p=0,008) were identified as independent risk factors. Conclusion: The development of resistant epilepsy in children may be predicted by investigating these risk factors. New AED can be tried in patients with resistant epilepsy and the patient can be prepared early for treatment methods such as ketogenic diet, surgical intervention