Expressões de autoritarismo no Facebook ante o destaque de notícias sobre delitos no Peru

Under a context of public insecurity, the present study aims to analyse comments expressed in news about criminal acts published on the web pages of the main national newspapers during 2015. Comments were subject to content analysis and two analytical axes identified: (a) The expression of authoritarian beliefs and the implications of these beliefs for perceptions of offenders, and (b) a lack of trust in the public institutions of justice and its link with authoritarian response to criminality. The analysis of comments reveals a strong tendency towards endorsements of violent actions in dealing with crime supported by an authoritarian ideology. It was also found that distrust in the public institutions of justice is linked to support for extreme measures in order to eliminate the perceived threat. Limitations and suggestions for further research are discussed.En un contexto de inseguridad social, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar los comentarios expresados ante noticias sobre delincuencia publicadas durante el 2015 en las redes sociales de los principales diarios de circulación nacional en el Perú. Los comentarios fueron sujetos a un análisis de contenido y se identificaron dos ejes analíticos: (a) la expresión de creencias autoritarias y las implicancias de dichas creencias en la percepción de los delincuentes, y (b) la falta de confianza en las instituciones públicas de justicia y seguridad, y su relación con la respuesta autoritaria ante la criminalidad.  El análisis de los comentarios revela una fuerte tendencia hacia el apego a acciones violentas de control social como forma de enfrentar la criminalidad, lo que parece asociado a una ideología de tipo autoritario. También se aprecia que la desconfianza hacia las instituciones públicas de justicia y seguridad está relacionada con las medidas que estas utilicen para eliminar las amenazas percibidas. Se discuten las limitaciones y sugerencias para futuras investigaciones.Em um contexto de insegurança cidadã, o presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar os comentários expressados frente a notícias sobre ações delitivas publicadas durante o ano de 2015 nas redes sociais dos principais jornais de circulação nacional do Peru. Os comentários foram sujeitos a uma análise de conteúdo com dois eixos analíticos identificados: (a) a expressão de crenças autoritárias e as implicações dessas crenças na percepção acerca dos delinquentes, e (b) a falta de confiança nas instituições públicas de justiça e segurança, e a sua relação com a resposta autoritária ante a criminalidade. A análise dos comentários mostra uma forte tendência em favor de ações violentas de controle social como forma de enfrentar a criminalidade, o que parece associado a uma ideologia do tipo autoritário. Também se observa que a falta de confiança nas instituições públicas de justiça e segurança cidadã está associada com as medidas de controle que essas utilizam para eliminar as ameaças percebidas. Limitações e sugestões para pesquisas no tema são discutidas

Psychosocial Predictors of Normative Transgression during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Peruvian citizens

This research investigated psychological correlates with norm non-compliance during the National State of Emergency declared in Peru at the time of the covid-19 pandemic. Specifically, it looks at the relationship between Social Dominance Orientation (sdo), perceptions of legitimacy, strength and efficacy of the normative system, and trust in the institutions. It also looks at individual justifications for norm non-compliance and the frequency of transgression. A correlational research design using questionnaires was developed with a sample of 126 participants. Results show that transgression of government-issued norms during the Peruvian National State of Emergency is linked to the ideological component of sdo and perceptions of a weak and illegitimate normative system. These results are consistent with previous studies on normative transgression in Latin American countries. Additionally, results suggest that the need for subsistence (i.e., generating resources to sustain the household) is fundamental to comprehensively understanding transgressive behavior in contexts of vulnerability such as a global pandemic. The discussion highlights how a precarious socio-political structure —one incapable of meeting the basic needs of large sectors of the population— emerges as a central cause of normative transgression in times of crisis

Supporting Dynamicity in Emergency Response Applications

Multiagent Systems are a promising paradigm for software development. It is feasible to model such systems with many components where each one can solve a specific problem. This division of responsibilities allows multiagent systems to work in dynamically changing environments. An example of an environment that is very changeable is related with emergencies management. Emergency management systems depend on the cooperation of all their components due to their specialization. In order to obtain this cooperation, the components need to interact with each other and adapt their interactions depending on their purpose and the system components they are interacting with. Also, new components may arrive on the scene, which must be informed about the interaction policies that original components are using. Although Multiagent Systems are suited to managing scenarios of this kind, their effectiveness depends on their capacity to dynamically modify and adapt the protocols that control the interactions among agents in the system. In this paper, an infrastructure to support dynamically changing interaction protocols is presented

Argumentation for multi-party privacy management

Social network services enable users to share large quantities of private information. Often, the shared information concerns individuals who are members of the social network but did not upload the information to the service. In such situations, inappropriate sharing preferences can cause conflict and threaten users’ privacy. Since related studies suggest that users prefer to solve multi-party privacy conflicts through negotiation, we introduce a novel approach based on negotiation through arguments. In our approach, users propose privacy settings and support their proposals with logical arguments. The final decision is based on a setting supported by sound arguments

Endoscopic decompression as management of uncomplicated sigmoid volvulus: case report and literature review

Sigmoid volvulus is a cause of intestinal obstruction explained by the twist of the sigmoid over its mesentery. The colon is at risk of ischaemia due to alterations in the irrigation due to rotation of the mesentery and risk of perforation. Surgical management is suggested in complicated cases, but endoscopic management with decompression and detorsion may be suggested in the case of uncomplicated sigmoid volvulus, with risk of recurrence. We present the case of a 49-year-old male with a diagnosis of uncomplicated sigmoid volvulus resolved by decompression with rigid proctosigmoidoscopy and medical management with remission of intestinal occlusion, without surgical intervention. A case and review of the current literature are presented

Lithic resources from Cardiel lake basin (Santa Cruz): new surveys and implications for regional archeology

El conocimiento de las fuentes de abastecimiento de recursos minerales permite abordar elestudio de la circulación de bienes y poblaciones a una escala regional. Recientes investigacionesen las cuencas lacustres cordilleranas y pericordilleranas de la provincia de Santa Cruz (Argentina)tuvieron como objetivo caracterizar de manera más específica la base regional de recursos líticos(Espinosa et al. 2016). En el marco de dichas investigaciones, se presentan los resultados obtenidosen la cuenca del lago Cardiel mediante prospecciones y transectas. Se registraron cuatro nuevossectores con disponibilidad de distintos recursos líticos (basaltos y rocas silíceas). Esta nuevainformación permite ampliar el conocimiento que se tenía de dicha cuenca y reevaluar propuestasrespecto al uso del espacio.The knowledge of the lithic sources makes it possible to approach the circulation of goods and populations on a regional scale. Recent research in the Andean and circum-andean lake basins of Santa Cruz province (Argentina) were aimed to characterize more specifically the regional lithic resources base (Espinosa et al. 2016). The results of these investigations in the Cardiel lake basin are presented here. Through prospecting and transects, four sectors were recorded with the availability of different lithic resources (basalts, tuffs, silica rocks). This new information allows us to broaden our knowledge of this basin and to re-evaluate proposals regarding land use.Fil: Agnolin, Agustin Mariano. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Cassiodoro, Gisela Eva. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras; Argentina. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Espinosa, Silvana Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Santa Cruz. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Santa Cruz. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Santa Cruz. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Santa Cruz; Argentin

BFF: A Tool for Eliciting Tie Strength and User Communities in Social Networking Services

López Fogués, R.; Such Aparicio, JM.; Espinosa Minguet, AR.; García-Fornes, A. (2014 Abstract The use of social networking services (SNSs) such as Facebook has explosively grown in the last few years. Users see these SNSs as useful tools to find friends and interact with them. Moreover, SNSs allow their users to share photos, videos, and express their thoughts and feelings. However, users are usually concerned about their privacy when using SNSs. This is because the public image of a subject can be affected by photos or comments posted on a social network. In this way, recent studies demonstrate that users are demanding better mechanisms to protect their privacy. An appropriate approximation to solve this could be a privacy assistant software agent that automatically suggests a privacy policy for any item to be shared on a SNS. The first step for developing such an agent is to be able to elicit meaningful information that can lead to accurate privacy policy predictions. In particular, the information needed is user communities and the strength of users' relationships, which, as suggested by recent empirical evidence, are the most important factors that drive disclosure in SNSs. Given the number of friends that users can have and the number of communities they may be involved on, it is infeasible that users are able to provide this information without the whole eliciting process becoming confusing and time consuming. In this work, we present a tool called Best Friend Forever (BFF) that automatically classifies the friends of a user in communities and assigns a value to the strength of the relationship ties to each one. We also present an experimental evaluation involving 38 subjects that showed that BFF can significantly alleviate the burden of eliciting communities and relationship strength

Endscrapers morphological variability in central-western of Santa Cruz province, Southern Patagonia: A temporal evaluation

En este trabajo evaluamos comparativamente raspadores del Holoceno medio y tardío del centro-oeste de Santa Cruz (Patagonia) a los fines de discutir acerca de la variabilidad de los conjuntos en el contexto de cambios ambientales que se dieron durante el Holoceno. Dicha comparación abarca escalas espaciales y temporales amplias y se realiza sobre la base de variables morfológicas y métricas. Los resultados indican que no existen diferencias significativas entre los raspadores de uno y otro período a excepción del espesor de aquellos confeccionados en sílice. Se discuten las implicancias en términos de las estrategias implementadas por los cazadores-recolectores en contextos ambientales específicos.This paper compares endscrapers from Middle and Late Holocene in central-western Santa Cruz province (Patagonia) in order to evaluate their variability in a context of environmental changes that occurred during the Holocene. Research includes large spatial and temporal scales. Morphological and metric variables were considered. Results indicate that there are no significant differences between endscrapers from each period; the exception goes for the thickness of siliceous endscrapers. These results are discussed in terms of the strategies hunter-gatherers implemented in specific environmental contexts.Fil: Coni, Josefna Flores. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; ArgentinaFil: Cassiodoro, Gisela Eva. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Agnolin, Agustin Mariano. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Espinosa, Silvana Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Santa Cruz. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Santa Cruz. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Santa Cruz. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Santa Cruz; Argentin

Basalt provisioning and use during the late holocene in central western Santa Cruz (Patagonia, Argentina): implications for human circulation

El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar el uso del basalto, de amplia distribución en el centro oeste de Santa Cruz (Patagonia, Argentina) durante el Holoceno tardío, a través del análisis tecnomorfológico y de estrategias de aprovisionamiento y manufactura de artefactos líticos. Las estrategias tecnológicas inferidas dan cuenta del aprovisionamiento mayoritariamente local dentro de las cuencas lacustres, pampas y mesetas analizadas, la manufactura de las mismas clases artefactuales, así como un bajo índice de transporte de formas base y productos finales en algunas de ellas. La variabilidad registrada está vinculada con la disponibilidad natural de basaltos de distinto origen volcánico y con las funcionalidades de las distintas áreas. La integración regional de la información tecnológica, petrográfica y geoquímica anticipa la existencia de dos áreas de dispersión de materia prima y diseños artefactuales.The aim of this work is to characterize the use of basalt, which has a wide distribution in the central western region of Santa Cruz in the Late Holocene. Analyses include a techno-morphological study as well as the assessment of provisioning and manufacture strategies. The technological strategies implemented account for a local supply within each lake basin, pampa and plateau analyzed, the manufacture of the same artifact classes, and a low rate of artifact and blanks transport. The recorded variability is linked to the natural availability of basalts of different volcanic origin and to the different functions areas had. The regional integration of technological, petrographic, and geochemical information anticipates the existence of two areas of dispersion of raw material and artifact designs.Fil: Espinosa, Silvana Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Santa Cruz. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Santa Cruz. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Santa Cruz. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Santa Cruz; ArgentinaFil: Cassiodoro, Gisela Eva. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Agnolin, Agustin Mariano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; ArgentinaFil: Flores Coni, Josefina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; Argentin