The impact of ISO 9000 and EFQM on the use of flexible work practices

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the differences between the two most frequently used quality management approaches implemented by firms, ISO 9000 and EFQM, in terms of their impact on the adoption of innovative work organization practices. In order to accomplish this objective, we have selected a sample of 665 establishments with at least 20 employees, from the manufacturing, building and service sectors. Results show that, as expected, EFQM involves an advance over ISO 9000 regarding the use of innovative work practices.The authors are thankful to the Institute of Statistics of Navarre for the data used in the paper and to the Government of Navarre and the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science (SEC2007-66511) for the funding provided

Guía para la planeación e implementación de un sistema de gestión de la seguridad de la información, basado en la ISO 27001 aplicadas a clínicas y hospitales veterinarios del área metropolitana de San Salvador.

En la actualidad el avance tecnológico que se está presentando trae consigo desafíos que generan preocupaciones a los altos directivos organizacionales. Garantizar un máximo nivel de disponibilidad, integridad y confidencialidad de la información manejada diariamente en las organizaciones es un aspecto de gran importancia que se procura tener en cuenta dentro de las labores empresariales hoy en día. En el mundo de las redes y comunicaciones se presentan diferentes amenazas tales como los ataques de ciberdelincuentes en busca de datos confidenciales y de gran interés comercial, sabotajes, modificación de información altamente confidencial, entre otras, que se realizan con algún interés económico, comercial, competitivo o con el fin de que el atacante obtenga alguna reputación. Por lo anterior, es de gran utilidad para las organizaciones la implementación de un SGSI (Sistema de Gestión de Seguridad de la Información) el cual está fundamentado sobre la norma ISO27001 y establece un proceso sistemático para la protección ante cualquier amenaza que podría llegar afectar la confidencialidad, integridad o disponibilidad de la información. Para el caso de El Salvador, la metodología propuesta a fin de implementar el SGSI es la NTS ISO/IEC 27001:2013 que constituye la adopción realizada por parte del OSN(Organismo Salvadoreño de Normalización) y que permite a las organizaciones la evaluación del riesgo y la aplicación de los controles necesarios para mitigarlos o eliminarlos. La aplicación de ésta norma significa una diferenciación respecto al resto, que mejora la competitividad y la imagen de una organización.vii El tipo de estudio que se utilizó es el método hipotético deductivo que consiste en hacer observaciones del contexto, para conocer las características del problema en la gestión de los principales riesgos de la información, para ello la investigación se apoya en los resultados obtenidos en las encuestas dirigidas a contadores de las clínicas y/o hospitales veterinarios, por lo tanto y según el análisis de la información proporcionada al menos la mitad del universos estudiado no tiene implementado un SGSI pero reconocen que la importancia de contar con uno es relevante dentro de la empresas para las cuales laboran. De acuerdo a los resultados de la investigación y con el propósito de mejora se recomienda a las clínicas y hospitales veterinarios lo siguiente: llevar cabo el proceso de implementación de un SGSI basado en la NTS ISO/IEC 27001:2013 siguiendo los pasos y lineamientos establecidos en el presente trabajo de investigación y adaptándolo a las necesidades de cada entidad, además se debe garantizar la realización de capacitaciones periódicas al personal correspondiente para que el seguimiento de los procesos se realice de la manera más adecuada y eficiente

An Assessment of Balance through Posturography in Healthy about Women: An Observational Study

The incidence of falls in adults constitutes a public health problem, and the alteration in balance is the most important factor. It is necessary to evaluate this through objective tools in order to quantify alterations and prevent falls. This study aims to determine the existence of alteration of balance and the influence of age in a population of healthy women. Static posturography was performed on 49 healthy adult women with no history of falls in four different situations using the Romberg test with the NedSVE/IBV® platform. The variables studied were the body sway area and the anteroposterior and mediolateral displacements. The situation of maximum instability occurred in RGC (p = 0.001), with a significant increase in anteroposterior oscillations regarding the ML (p < 0.001), with no correlation to age. Age alone does not influence the balance in the sample studied, other factors must come together to alter it. The joint cancellation of visual and somatosensory afferents could facilitate the appearance of falls, given that it is a situation of maximum instability. Proprioceptive training is interesting as a preventive strategy for falls

Oligodendrocyte metabolism throughout its differentiation: immunocytochemistry study and its impact in remyelination

Introduction: Oligodendrocytes (OL) role in demyelinating pathologies such as multiple sclerosis and other neurodegenerative diseases is only recently being subject of extensive research. While the genetic and molecular aspects have been thoroughly studied, their metabolism was overshadowed. In order to develop new therapies to promote remyelination of already damaged axons, we need to accurately describe how OL metabolism affects axon myelination and trophic support (1). The objective of this study is to obtain cytological evidence of the extent of both glycolytic metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation by immunocytochemistry throughout the development of OL. Methods: Oligodendroglia cells from post-natal mice cortices were obtained and cultured. A wide assortment of differentiation-stage-specific cell surface antigens, a glycolytic and an oxidative phosphorylation marker were combined in several immunofluorescences to study both metabolic pathways in each step of differentiation. Results: After analysing them under confocal microscopy and imaging software, we observed a constant upregulation of glycolytic metabolism throughout differentiation, while oxidative phosphorylation seemed to increase with differentiation to then decrease when oligodendrocytes achieved their final maturation stage. Conclusions: Therefore, oxidative phosphorylation may be crucial in the differentiation of precursors and glycolysis would thus be the preferred metabolic pathway for fully matured OL. [1] Rosko L. et al. Neuroscientist. 2019;25(4):334–43.Supported by UMA and IBIMA and funding from two ongoing projects: - ‘Modulation of oligodendrocyte metabolism via blood vessel remodelling as target to promote remyelination’ (funding by NEURATRIS). - ‘Blood vessel remodelling modulates remyelination by oligodendrocyte metabolic reprogramming’ (funding by Arsep Foundation). Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Combined treatment of graft versus host disease using donor regulatory T cells and ruxolitinib

[EN] Donor derived regulatory T lymphocytes and the JAK1/2 kinase inhibitor ruxolitinib are currently being evaluated as therapeutic options in the treatment of chronic graft versus host disease (cGvHD). In this work, we aimed to determine if the combined use of both agents can exert a synergistic effect in the treatment of GvHD. For this purpose, we studied the effect of this combination both in vitro and in a GvHD mouse model. Our results show that ruxolitinib favors the ratio of thymic regulatory T cells to conventional T cells in culture, without affecting the suppressive capacity of these Treg. The combination of ruxolitinib with Treg showed a higher efficacy as compared to each single treatment alone in our GvHD mouse model in terms of GvHD incidence, severity and survival without hampering graft versus leukemia effect. This beneficial effect correlated with the detection in the bone marrow of recipient mice of the infused donor allogeneic Treg after the adoptive transfer.SITis study is partially funded by NovartisThe authors thank Dr. João Lacerda for critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from Novartis and the Andalusian Regional Government (P18-RT-4047, PI-0052-2018). A.R.G. and J.A.P.S. are members of CIBERONC (CB16/12/00480) and TerCel (16/0011/0035). J.V. is member of CIBERNED (CB06/05/0027). A.R.G. is funded by a Grant of the University of Seville (US-1380874) co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)

Compromising between European and US allergen immunotherapy schools: Discussions from GUIMIT, the Mexican immunotherapy guidelines

Background: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) has a longstanding history and still remains the only disease-changing treatment for allergic rhinitis and asthma. Over the years 2 different schools have developed their strategies: the United States (US) and the European. Allergen extracts available in these regions are adapted to local practice. In other parts of the world, extracts from both regions and local ones are commercialized, as in Mexico. Here, local experts developed a national AIT guideline (GUIMIT 2019) searching for compromises between both schools. Methods: Using ADAPTE methodology for transculturizing guidelines and AGREE-II for evaluating guideline quality, GUIMIT selected 3 high-quality Main Reference Guidelines (MRGs): the European Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (EAACI) guideines, the S2k guideline of various German-speaking medical societies (2014), and the US Practice Parameters on Allergen Immunotherapy 2011. We formulated clinical questions and based responses on the fused evidence available in the MRGs, combined with local possibilities, patient's preference, and costs. We came across several issues on which the MRGs disagreed. These are presented here along with arguments of GUIMIT members to resolve them. GUIMIT (for a complete English version, see Supplementary data) concluded the following: Results: Related to the diagnosis of IgE-mediated respiratory allergy, apart from skin prick testing complementary tests (challenges, in vitro testing and molecular such as species-specific allergens) might be useful in selected cases to inform AIT composition. AIT is indicated in allergic rhinitis and suggested in allergic asthma (once controlled) and IgE-mediated atopic dermatitis. Concerning the correct subcutaneous AIT dose for compounding vials according to the US school: dosing tables and formula are given; up to 4 non-related allergens can be mixed, refraining from mixing high with low protease extracts. When using European extracts: the manufacturer's indications should be followed; in multi-allergic patients 2 simultaneous injections can be given (100% consensus); mixing is discouraged. In Mexico only allergoid tablets are available; based on doses used in all sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) publications referenced in MRGs, GUIMIT suggests a probable effective dose related to subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) might be: 50–200% of the monthly SCIT dose given daily, maximum mixing 4 allergens. Also, a table with practical suggestions on non-evidence-existing issues, developed with a simplified Delphi method, is added. Finally, dissemination and implementation of guidelines is briefly discussed, explaining how we used online tools for this in Mexico. Conclusions: Countries where European and American AIT extracts are available should adjust AIT according to which school is followed

Convergencia absoluta y condicional en los municipios del estado de Sonora, 1989-2004

This paper tries to identify the existence of convergence, absolut as muchas conditional, for the municipalities that conform the state of Sonora. Taking as abase the methodologic excercise of Mankiw, Romer and Weill (1992) that considersthe first model of Solow (1956) and makes an extension of it including thehuman capital, evidence shows that there is no tendency for poor municipalitiesto grow more quickly than rich municipalities, which means that there is no processof convergence -nor absolute or conditional- in the municipalities of Sonora,independently of the development layer in which these are classified: municipalitieswith high, average or low development.Este trabajo pretende identificar la existencia de convergencia, tanto absoluta como condicional, para los municipios que conforman el estado de Sonora. Tomando como base el ejercicio metodológico de Mankiw, Romer y Weill (1992) que consideran primero el modelo de Solow (1956) y luego le hacen una ampliación incluyendo el capital humano, se encontró evidencia de que no hay una tendencia a que los municipios pobres crezcan más rápido que los municipios ricos, lo que significa que no hay un proceso de convergencia -ni absoluta ni condicional- en los municipios de Sonora, independientemente del estrato de desarrollo en el que éstos se encuentren clasificados: municipios con desarrollo alto, medio o bajo

Apertura comercial, cambios en la estructura productiva y desempeño de la economía de los estados de la frontera norte de México: 1993-2004

Con la aplicación del modelo desarrollado por Siegel et al. (1995), aquí se analizan los efectos que provocan los cambios en la estructura productiva sobre el desempeño económico de los estados de la frontera norte de México; dicho desempeño se mide en términos del crecimiento esperado en el valor bruto de la producción, así como a través de la estabilidad en la evolución de esta variable (medida por su varianza). El estudio abarca de 1993 a 2004, lapso en el cual se profundizó y consolidó la liberalización acelerada del comercio exterior de la economía mexicana. Después se proyecta el comportamiento de las variables analizadas para el periodo 2005-2012, y se contrasta con escenarios alternativos de impulso a sectores, cuyo mayor dinamismo podría contribuir a mejorar el desempeño de esas economías locales

Migración por empleo en México. La experiencia de Baja California entre 2008 y 2012

Para entender el reto del empleo que enfrenta México, en un contexto de diversidad regional, se ofrece una expli - cación a la paradoja actual de crecimiento del empleo y de la tasa de desempleo que ocurre al mismo tiempo en Baja California. Mediante la estimación de un modelo de datos de panel, se genera evidencia de que los flujos migratorios del interior del país son mayores que el aumento de la po - blación ocupada, debido a que tanto ésta como los salarios y el nivel de competitividad social de Baja California in - fluyen de manera directa en las decisiones de las personas para moverse a dicha entidad