Equipos de Gobierno, entre el cambio y la invariancia

Esta ponencia refiere a los cambios organizacionales y su aceptación/rechazo por parte de los actores de organizaciones referidas al Estado y las ciudades. Se hace foco particular en los modelos Enfoque de Racionalidad Directiva y Enfoque de Racionalidad Integrativa.Jornadas realizadas junto con el I Encuentro Latinoamericano de Metodología de las Ciencias Sociales.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Toma de riesgo en el trabajo un estudio en la industria minera

En el presente trabajo se desarrolla una serie de reflexiones sobre la toma de riesgo en el trabajo y los procesos de creatividad y movilización subjetiva, a partir de una investigación llevada a cabo en una empresa minera, en la que se produjo un aumento de incidentes y accidentes de en los últimos dos años. La mecánica de estos produjeron lesiones en las extremidades, particularmente en las superiores. Los objetivos del articulo son analizar la incidencia de la organización y el contexto social en la toma de riesgo en el trabajo, analizar las causas que llevan a los sujetos a la toma de riesgo en el trabajo, y diseñar una estrategia de intervención para disminuir la toma de riesgo en el trabajo. El enfoque es cualitativo, con base en el modelo de investigación-acción, a fin de indagar, conocer y comprender configu- raciones de la realidad. Se propone comprender los atravesamientos sociales y los procesos organizacionales, mediante el análisis de cómo las personas producen realidades. Se utilizó el método de comparación constante, el cual produce un entrelazamiento de las operaciones de recolección de datos, codificación, análisis e interpretación de la información en el proceso.Se estableció que ciertas presunciones culturales generan tensiones entre políticas, normas y el comportamiento de los trabajadores. Estas presunciones han constituido capitales cul- turales que habilitaron la construcción de estrategias que, a lo largo del tiempo, generaron soluciones a las necesidades de cohesión interna en relación con el contexto social, de modo que establecieron una forma de alienación cultural que modelaron comportamientos condu- centes a la toma de riesgo en el trabajo

Student Explorations of Quantum Effects in LEDs and Luninescent Devices

We developed activity-based instructional units to introduce basic quantum principles to students with limited physics and mathematics backgrounds. To emphasize the practical applications of contemporary physics, we introduced concepts using the contexts of light-emitting devices such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), fluorescent lamps, and glow-in-the-dark toys. As our standard of living becomes more dependent on the latest developments in science and technology, our students\u27 literacy must be at a level that enables them to make educated decisions on science- and technology-related issues and their everyday applications. Students need to have at least a basic understanding of 20th-century physics and its applications in order to make informed decisions about them. Unfortunately, many physics teachers either exclude or spend very little time on modern topics such as quantum mechanics in high school physics courses.1,2 The high degree of mathematical formalism and abstract nature of quantum mechanics is frequently given as a reason for not introducing quantum physics in high school physics courses.3,

Equipos de Gobierno, entre el cambio y la invariancia

Esta ponencia refiere a los cambios organizacionales y su aceptación/rechazo por parte de los actores de organizaciones referidas al Estado y las ciudades. Se hace foco particular en los modelos Enfoque de Racionalidad Directiva y Enfoque de Racionalidad Integrativa.Jornadas realizadas junto con el I Encuentro Latinoamericano de Metodología de las Ciencias Sociales.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Student Explorations of Quantum Effects in LEDs and Luninescent Devices

We developed activity-based instructional units to introduce basic quantum principles to students with limited physics and mathematics backgrounds. To emphasize the practical applications of contemporary physics, we introduced concepts using the contexts of light-emitting devices such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), fluorescent lamps, and glow-in-the-dark toys. As our standard of living becomes more dependent on the latest developments in science and technology, our students\u27 literacy must be at a level that enables them to make educated decisions on science- and technology-related issues and their everyday applications. Students need to have at least a basic understanding of 20th-century physics and its applications in order to make informed decisions about them. Unfortunately, many physics teachers either exclude or spend very little time on modern topics such as quantum mechanics in high school physics courses.1,2 The high degree of mathematical formalism and abstract nature of quantum mechanics is frequently given as a reason for not introducing quantum physics in high school physics courses.3,

Assessment of weed control via foliar application of quinate

En estudios previos se detectó una importante acumulación de quinato en la parte aérea de las plantas tratadas con herbicidas inhibidores de la biosíntesis de aminoácidos, lo que podría explicar su capacidad de inducir la respuesta tóxica. También se evaluó el potencial efecto fitotóxico en función del modo de aplicación exógena, que fue superior tras aplicaciones radicales que foliares. En este trabajo se planteó valorar la utilización del quinato, pulverizado exógenamente, para el control del crecimiento de ciertas malas hierbas. Se realizaron aplicaciones foliares de quinato mediante pulverización en post-emergencia sobre plantas en diferentes estados fenológicos de “Sinapis alba”, “Papaver rhoeas”, “Lolium rigidum”, “Bromus diandrus” y “Cynodon dactylon”. Los resultados muestran que dicho compuesto presentó un mayor control y un efecto fitotóxico más evidente en las especies dicotiledóneas que en las monocotiledóneas, siendo “P. rhoeas” la única especie susceptible de ser controlada en sus estadios iniciales con este compuesto. En “S. alba” únicamente se produjo una reducción temporal del crecimiento sin llegar a ser letal.In previous studies quinate was accumulated in leaves of plants treated with amino acid biosynthesis inhibiting herbicides, which begged the question of whether quinate have the capacity of inducing the toxic effects of the herbicides. The phytotoxic effects of exogenous application were more evident when quinate was applied to the nutrient solution than when it was sprayed onto the foliage. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether sprayed quinate could control the growth of some weed species. This was evaluated by spraying quinate to the leaves of plants of “Sinapis alba”, “Papaver rhoeas”, “Lolium rigidum”, “Bromus diandrus” and “Cynodon dactylon” at different phenological states in postemergence. Exogenous application of quinate was more phytotoxic on dicotyledonous species than monocotyledonous species. “Papaver rhoeas” was the only species tested that would be potentially affected and controlled with the application of quinate, specifically in the initial states of plant development. Growth of “S. alba” was only temporally arrested after quinate application, but the treatment was not lethal

Pancreas agenesis mutations disrupt a lead enhancer controlling a developmental enhancer cluster.

Sequence variants in cis-acting enhancers are important for polygenic disease, but their role in Mendelian disease is poorly understood. Redundancy between enhancers that regulate the same gene is thought to mitigate the pathogenic impact of enhancer mutations. Recent findings, however, have shown that loss-of-function mutations in a single enhancer near PTF1A cause pancreas agenesis and neonatal diabetes. Using mouse and human genetic models, we show that this enhancer activates an entire PTF1A enhancer cluster in early pancreatic multipotent progenitors. This leading role, therefore, precludes functional redundancy. We further demonstrate that transient expression of PTF1A in multipotent progenitors sets in motion an epigenetic cascade that is required for duct and endocrine differentiation. These findings shed insights into the genome regulatory mechanisms that drive pancreas differentiation. Furthermore, they reveal an enhancer that acts as a regulatory master key and is thus vulnerable to pathogenic loss-of-function mutations

Treatment of type 2 diabetes by patient profile in the clinical practice of endocrinology in Spain: Delphi study results from the think twice program

Introduction: The aim of this Delphi study is to unveil the management of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and different levels of complexity in the clinical practice in Spain. Methods: Based on the common management practices of T2D profiles reported by Spanish endocrinologists, a Delphi questionnaire of 55 statements was developed and responded to by a national panel (n = 101). Results: A consensus was reached for 30 of the 55 statements. Regarding overweight patients inadequately controlled with metformin, treatment with a sodium-glucose transport protein 2 inhibitor (SGLT2-I) is preferred over treatment with a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP4-I). If the patient is already being treated with a DPP4-I, an SGLT2-I is added on to the treatment regimen rather than replacing the DPP4-I. Conversely, if the treatment regimen includes a sulfonylurea, it is usually replaced by other antihyperglycemic agents. Current treatment trends in uncontrolled obese patients include the addition of an SGLT2-I or a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP1-RA) to background therapy. When the glycated hemoglobin target is not reached, triple therapy with metformin ? GLP1-RA ? SGLT2-I is initiated. Although SGLT2-Is are the treatment of choice in patients with T2D and heart failure or uncontrolled hypertension, no consensus was reached regarding the preferential use of SGLT2- Is or GLP1-RAs in patients with established cardiovascular disease. Conclusion: Consensus has been reached for a variety of statements regarding the management of several T2D profiles. Achieving a more homogeneous management of complex patients with T2D may require further evidence and a better understanding of the key drivers for treatment choice

Dynamic constriction and fission of endoplasmic reticulum membranes by reticulon

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a continuous cell-wide membrane network. Network formation has been associated with proteins producing membrane curvature and fusion, such as reticulons and atlastin. Regulated network fragmentation, occurring in different physiological contexts, is less understood. Here we find that the ER has an embedded fragmentation mechanism based upon the ability of reticulon to produce fission of elongating network branches. In Drosophila, Rtnl1-facilitated fission is counterbalanced by atlastin-driven fusion, with the prevalence of Rtnl1 leading to ER fragmentation. Ectopic expression of Drosophila reticulon in COS-7 cells reveals individual fission events in dynamic ER tubules. Consistently, in vitro analyses show that reticulon produces velocity-dependent constriction of lipid nanotubes leading to stochastic fission via a hemifission mechanism. Fission occurs at elongation rates and pulling force ranges intrinsic to the ER, thus suggesting a principle whereby the dynamic balance between fusion and fission controlling organelle morphology depends on membrane motility