The effect of hippophae rhamnoides extract on oral mucositis induced in rats with methotrexate

Objective: To investigate the effect of HRE (Hippophae rhamnoides extract) on oral mucositis induced in rats with MTX. Material and Methods: Experimental animals were divided into groups as healthy (HG), HRE+MTX (HMTX), and control group, which received MTX (MTXC). HMTX group received 50 mg/kg HRE while MTXC and HG groups received equivolume distilled water with gavage once a day. After one hour of HRE and distilled water administration, HMTX and MTXC groups received a single dose of oral MTX 5 mg/ kg. This procedure was repeated for one month. Results: The levels of MDA, IL-1β, and TNF-α were found to be significantly higher in the cheek, lower lip, and tongue tissue of the animals receiving MTX, compared with HG and HMTX groups; however, these parameters were lower in the cheek and low lip tissue, and a milder damage ocurred in these tissues, compared with the tongue tissue in MTXC group. No histopathologic damage was observed in the cheek, lower lip, and tongue tissues of the rats treated with HRE. Conclusion: This findings indicate that HRE as a natural product is an important advantage compared with synthetic drugs for prophylaxis of oral mucositis developed due to MTX

Radiofrequency thermocoagulation combined with pulsed radiofrequency for gasserian ganglion blockage

WOS: 000448931700004PubMed ID: 30403272Objectives: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) has been effectively treated by radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFT) of the gasserian ganglion. Recently, pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) is becoming an alternative therapy for patients with trigeminal neuralgia. It is unclear whether the combination of RFT with PRF may decrease post-operative complications while maintaining long-term pain relief. Methods: Twelve patients with idiopathic TN who had undergone combined RFT and PRF of the gasserian ganglion were evaluated. PRF (42 degrees C, 45V, 20 ms, 120 seconds) was administered, and then RFT (65 degrees C, 90 seconds) was performed to the gasserian gang lion. The post-operative pain relief and complications were evaluated at 1, 6, 12 and, 24 months after treatment. Results: 10 patients (83.3%) reported significant pain relief (VAS 3) at 1 month following the treatment, while 8 patients (66.6%) at 6 months, 5 patients (41.6) at 12 months, and 2 patients (16.6%) at 24 months were pain-free.Two of the patients did not have pain relief (VAS >= 3), and 2 patients were still pain-free by the 24th month.The mean time of pain relief was 14 months. One patient had numbness in the tongue for about a year, while in the other patients, no serious complications were reported. Conclusion: A combination of RFT with PRF could help eliminate postoperative complications of trigeminal neuralgia. We sugesst that combining RFT and PRF therapy may serve to decrease the side effects but not increase the pain relief

Effects of Different Chlorhexidine Formulations on Shear Bond Strengths of Orthodontic Brackets

Erdemir, Ali/0000-0003-1140-3887; Erdemir, Ali/0000-0002-6489-9620; ERCAN, Ertugrul/0000-0002-4753-6553; Gelgor, I. Erhan/0000-0003-0859-9874WOS: 000263855600018PubMed: 19216606Objective: To test the hypothesis that the application of different chlorhexidine formulations to the etched enamel will not affect shear bond strength (SBS). Materials and Methods: Forty-four freshly extracted human premolars; were collected and stored in distilled water. The teeth were etched with 37% phosphoric and were rinsed and dried. The teeth then were divided into four equal groups. While Group 1 served as a control, Groups 2 to 4 were treated before bonding with a chlorhexidine formulation that included solution (2%), gel (1%), and mouthwash (0.2%). Orthodontic brackets were bonded with Transbond XT (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif). Bond strength results were evaluated with the use of one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (P .05), both were statistically superior to Groups 2 and 3 (P < .05). In this in vitro study, the observed measures for Groups 2 and 3 (14.5-10.6 MPa) were lower than those for Groups 1 and 4 (27.3-24.9 MPa), but these values were much higher than those required for clinical use (6-8 MPa). Conclusion: The hypothesis is rejected. The application of chlorhexidine mouth rinse before bonding had no significant effect on the SBS value, and the application of chlorhexidine solution and gel significantly decreased SBS. (Angle Orthod. 2009;79:312-316.

alpha-Amylase Monitoring by a Novel Amperometric Biosensor Based on Au Electrode: Its Optimization, Characterization, and Application

WOS: 000299696500012PubMed ID: 21838534A low-cost and sensitive amperometric biosensor was developed for the determination of alpha-amylase activity. The biosensor was constructed by immobilizing glucose oxidase-gelatin via glutaraldehyde on the Au electrode surface. Measurements were carried out chronoamperometrically at -0.7 V. Several parameters such as glucose oxidase activity, gelatin amount, and glutaraldehyde percentage for cross-linking were optimized. Optimum pH, optimum temperature, repeatability, and storage stabilities of the biosensor were identified. Under the optimum experimental conditions, a linear calibration curve was obtained for alpha-amylase between 0.819 and 13.110 U/ml. Sample analyses were carried out by detecting alpha-amylase activities in baker's yeast samples

Non-invasive cortisol detection in saliva by using molecularly cortisol imprinted fullerene-acrylamide modified screen printed electrodes

Uygun, Zihni Onur/0000-0001-9045-7271; Sezer, Ebru/0000-0002-6900-3539;WOS: 000488416200057PubMed: 31514839In this study, we developed an impedimetric sensor system by using molecularly cortisol imprinted acrylamide polymers on fullerene modified carbon electrode to detect cortisol in real saliva samples. the polymer layer was formed on fullerene modified screen printed carbon electrodes with the ratio of 1:2 (cortisol:acrylamide) and ammonium persulfate (APS) was used as the initiator of polymerization. the sensor surface was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Performances of the electrode were determined as follows; calibration curve was calculated between 0.5 nM and 64 nM, R-2 = 0.9939, LOD and LOQ were 0.14 nM and 0.44 nM, respectively. Real human saliva samples were obtained from 15 participants between 25 and 32 ages regardless of gender. the samples, which were collected at least 30 min after waking up and the new sensor method analysis were compared tandem mass spectroscopy coupled liquid chromatography system (LC-MS/MS). the sensor analysis showed a significant correlation with LC-MS/MS results (R-2 = 0.9727).Ege University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit. Turkey [TGA-2019-20213]This study is supported by Ege University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit. Turkey Project Number: TGA-2019-20213

The effect of altitude and climate on the suicide rates in Turkey

Suicide is one of the most important public health problems. There was an association between suicide and several factors such as psychiatric diseases and psychological characteristics, somatic illness, cultural, socioeconomic, familial, occupational and individual risk factors. Also, high altitude and climatic factors including high temperature, cloudiness, more sunshine and low rainfalls were defined as some of these risk factors in the literature. In this study, we aimed to investigate correlation between suicide rates and altitudes of all cities in Turkey and between suicide rates and climatic factors including Rainfall Activity Index, Winter Mean Temperatures, Summer Mean Temperatures and Temperature Difference between January and July previously defined by several authors in the broad series in Turkey. In Turkey, 29865 suicidal deaths occurred in 10 years period between 2006 and 2015. Of them, 21020 (70.4%) were males and 8845 (29.6%) were females. In this study, we found that high altitude above 1500 m, winter median temperature lower than - 10 degrees C and hard temperature changes above 25 degrees C between winter and summer of settlements were important factors that affected on female suicide rates appropriate to knowledge which defined in previous studies. In conclusion, we suggested that the associations among suicide rates with altitudes and climate should be studied in wider series obtained from different countries for reaching more reliable results

Effect of Thiamine Pyrophosphate on Oxidative Damage to the Oropharyngeal, Nasal and Cochlear Tissues Induced by Doxorubicin in Guinea Pigs

Malkoc, Ismail/0000-0002-9221-510XWOS: 000406050300010Doxorubicin (DOX) inhibits the enzyme tyaminpyrophosphokinase (TPK). Hence the synthesis of thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) which is the active metabolite of thiamine stops. This leads to oxidative damage. in the literature, no studies on the protective effect of TPP against doxorubicin-induced oropharyngeal, nose and cochlear oxidative damage were found. in this study was investigated whether DOX produces oxidative stress in the oropharyngeal, nose and cochlea of animals and it examines the protective effect of TPP against DOX toxicity on these tissues. Guinea pig experimental animals were divided into groups as the controls. One group was given DOX, another group was given TPP + doxorubicin (TDOX) and the final group was the healthy group (HG). the TDOX group (n = 6) received an intraperitoneal (ip) injection of 25 mg/kg TPP. the DOX (n = 6) and HG (n = 6) animals were given distilled water in the same way. TDOX and DOX animals were administered ip 5 mg/kg DOX one hour after the administration of TPP and distilled water once a day for seven days. At the end of this period, animals were sacrified with a high dose of anesthesia and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitric oxide (NO), total glutathione (tGSH) and glutathione reductase (GSHRd) were determined in the removed oropharyngeal, nasal, and cochlear tissues. in addition, the TNF-alpha gene expression was measured. DOX was demonstrated to significantly increase the levels of MDA, MPO and NO and to reduce the levels of tGSH and GSHRd in the oropharyngeal, nasal and cochlear tissues of animals. TPP prevented the increase of the levels of MDA, MPO, NO and TNF-alpha with doxorubicin. TPP supressed the oxidative stress induced by DOXin the oropharyngeal, nasal and cochlear tissues. It can be suggested that TPP can be used against DOX toxicit

THE EFFECT OF TAXIFOLIN ON CISPLATIN INDUCED OXIDATIVE COCHLEAR DAMAGE IN RATS: BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EXAMINATION

Ototoxicity of cisplatin is one of the major dose limiting side effects. Cisplatin-dependent ototoxicity is known to be associated with reactive oxygen species. Protective effect of taxifolin, being a flavanone found in onions, milk thistle, French maritime, and Douglas fir bark, against cisplatin-associated ototoxicity will be examined in this study. There are no studies in the literature examining the protective effect of taxifolin against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. 50 mg/kg taxifolin was orally administered to TXC group rats (n-6), and distilled water was orally administered as solvent to CG (n-6) and HG (n-6) groups. One hour later, 5 mg/kg cisplatin was administered intraperitoneally (i.p) to TXC and CG groups. This procedure was repeated once a day for 7 days. At the end of this period, all animals were sacrificed by high-dose anesthesia (50 mg/kg thiopental sodium) and biochemical and histopathological examinations were performed on the dissected cochlea tissue. Our biochemical test results showed that oxidant parameters were significantly increased whereas antioxidant parameters were significantly decreased in the cisplatin group (CG) compared to taxifolin (TXC) and healthy (HG) groups (P <0.0001 for both parameters). Histopathological results showed that severe cochlear vestibular membrane degeneration, dilated conjunctival blood vessels, edema and destruction developed in the cisplatin group. However, no pathological findings were found in the taxifolin-treated group except for mild degeneration and edema. This information suggests that taxifolin may be useful in the treatment of cisplatin-associated oxidative cochlear damage

Evaluation of the Prognostic Value of Preoperative Neutrophil-tolymphocyte Ratio in Renal Cell Carcinoma

Objective: To investigate the prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC)

A novel method for prediction of stone composition: the average and difference of Hounsfield units and their cut-off values

The purpose of the study was to investigate the predictive value of stone measurements by including a novel method on non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) images for stone composition