Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Counterproductive Work Behavior: Cross-cultural comparisons between Turkey and the Netherlands

This research project explores cultural determinants that facilitate positive employee behavior. In the literature, this behavior is identified as organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). The dissertation also focuses on factors related to counterproductive work behavior (CWB). CWB is defined as behavior that explicitly runs counter to the goal of the organization (e.g., breaking organizational rules). The studies were carried out in Turkey and the Netherlands. These two countries are different in several cultural aspects, among which are the values of individualism and collectivism and social beliefs. These differences may have relevance for OCB and CWB. Most organizational behavior theories have been developed and empirically tested among western samples. However, western-based organizational theories may be insufficient to explain many organizational phenomena in non-western cultures. This dissertation therefore aims to highlight the importance of cultural factors that may influence organizational processes

Values, identities and social constructions of the European Union among Turkish university youth

The present study aimed to investigate Turkish university youth’s constructions concerning the European Union (EU) and their reactions to the EU’s December 2002 Copenhagen summit decision to delay discussion of Turkey’s entry to the EU. Specifically it aimed to show that socio-political identities among Turkish youth were related to historical developments in Turkey’s past and that these identities had associations with values of ethnocentricism, patriotism, and secularism. Furthermore it was predicted that constructions of the EU reactions to the decision would be related. Students (400) from five universities at the three largest cities of Turkey participated in the study. Three identities, Nationalist-Islam, Kemalist, and Western; three constructions of the EU, Europe as Different, Impermeable Boundaries, and Different but Advantageous, and two perceived causes for the decision, Differences-Conflict and Justification emerged from factor analyses. Second order factor analysis revealed that Nationalist-Islam identity and authoritarian, ethnocentric and antisecular values formed a cluster whereas Kemalist and Western identities were grouped with low levels of patriotism. Positive and negative constructions of the EU and reactions to the Copenhagen decision were also grouped under two separate factors. Further analyses revealed that an index of urbanization composed of parental education and rural-urban origin predicted the Authoritarian-Nationalistic cluster and that this value-identity cluster predicted positive and negative views of the EU

Compressible primitive equation: formal derivation and stability of weak solutions

We present a formal derivation of a simplified version of Compressible Primitive Equations (CPEs) for atmosphere modeling. They are obtained from $3$-D compressible Navier-Stokes equations with an \emph{anisotropic viscous stress tensor} where viscosity depends on the density. We then study the stability of the weak solutions of this model by using an intermediate model, called model problem, which is more simple and practical, to achieve the main result

Fast Algorithms for the Real Discrete Fourier Transform

Fast algorithms for the computation of the real discrete Fourier transform (RDFT) are discussed. Implementations based on the RDFT are always efficient whereas the implementations based on the DFT are efficient only when signals to be processed are complex. The fast real Fourier (FRFT) algorithms discussed are the radix-2 decimation-in-time (DIT), the radix-2 decimation-in-frequency (DIF), the radix-4 DIT, the split-radix DIT, the split-radix DIF, the prime-factor, the Rader prime, and the Winograd FRFT algorithms

Effects of humidity level and IBA dose application on the softwood top cuttings of white mulberry (Morus alba L.) and black mulberry (Morus nigra L.) types

In this research, the effects of 85-90% relative humidity and ındol-3-butyric acid (IBA) doses on softwood top cuttings of two black mulberry (Types 1 and 2) and one white mulberry (Type 3) types were studied. Cuttings were taken from early June (14 Haziran) and applied to the different IBA doses (0, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 ppm). Cuttings were planted in pumice medium under misting system in the greenhouse for 48 days in order to root. The highest rooting percentage was determined from Type 1 (black mulberry) in 2000 and 3000 ppm IBA doses application (100%). The lowest one was control group from Type 2 (black mulberry) which was not rooted. Acording to increase liveliness of the cuttings, rooting percentage increased. Nearly all of the living cuttings were rooted. The highest ratio of cutting callus formation was found to be 2000 and 3000 ppm IBA doses (100%) from Type 1; the lowest one was determined control group of Types 2 and 3 (0.00%). The highest rooting area lenght was found from Type 3 (2.00 cm) and Type 1 (1.92 cm); the lowest one was control group of Type 2 (0.00 cm). With respect to root numbers, the highest value was found from Type 3 (21.73 number/cutting) and Type1 (16.42 number/cutting); the lowest one was control group of Type 2 (0.00 number/cutting). The longest root was determined from 3000 ppm IBA dose of Type 1 (11.23 cm); the highest root branching value was found from Type 3 in 3000 ppm IBA dose (16.20 number/cutting) application

Effects of some humidity and IBA hormone dose applicatýons on rooting of M9 apple clonal rootstock Softwood top cuttings

In this study, softwood cuttings were taken from M9 dwarf apple rootstocks in early June. Different indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations [0 (control), 500, 1500, 2500 and 3500 ppm], different air humidity levels (85 - 90%, 95-100%) and rooting media of perlite effects on rooting capability and root formation of M9 apple rootstock cuttings were examined. All the cuttings remained alive. The highest ratio of cutting callus formation was found in control group (58%) in 95 - 100% humidity level and 2500 ppm IBA hormone dose application in 85 - 90% humidity level. The highest rooting ratio was obtained from control group (46%) in 95 - 100% humidity level; the lowest one was 3500 ppm IBA doseapplication (17%) in 85 - 90% relative humidity level. The highest rooting surface lenght was found in 1500 ppm hormone dose (0.53 cm) in 95 - 100% and 2500 ppm IBA dose application (0.42 cm) in 85 - 90% humidity level. With respect to root numbers, the highest value was from 1500 ppm IBA application (1.29 number/cutting) in 95 - 100% relative humidity, and 500 and 2500 ppm IBA doses (1.04 number/cutting) in 85 - 90% relative humidity level. The longest root was obtained from control group (2.03 cm) in 95 - 100% humidity level and 500 ppm IBA hormone dose (1.80 cm) in 85 - 90% humidity level. The shortest root was obtained from 2500 ppm IBA hormone dose  application (0.09 cm) in 85-90% humidity level. The highest root branching value was obtained from 1500 ppm hormone doseapplication (0.88 number/cutting) in 95 - 100% humidity level

Advances in Nonlinear Matched Filtering

Symmetric nonlinear matched filters (SNMF’s) involve the transformation of the signal spectrum and the filter transfer function through pointwise nonlinearities before they are multiplied in the transform domain. The resulting system is analogous to a 3-layer neural net The experimental and theoretical results discussed indicate that SNMF’s hold considerable potential to achieve high-power of discrimination, resolution and large SNR. The statistical analysis of a particular SNMF in the 2-class problem indicates that the performance coefficient of the SNMF is about four times larger than the performance coefficient of the classical matched filter. In terms of resolving closeby signals, there seems to be no limit to die achievable resolution. However, intermodulation noise has to be carefully monitored

Definition of the Ethical Values and Ethics Codes for Turkish Midwifery: A Focused Group Study in Kocaeli

Background: The independent roles of midwives have not been properly defined, and midwifery ethical values and moral codes proper to Turkish culture have not been developed. The absence of legal regulations concerning midwifery has negatively affected midwifery in the process of professionalization. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the professional values of midwifery in Turkey. Materials and Methods: A focus group was created with the participation of nine midwives working at two state hospitals and a university hospital that provide birth service for women in Kocaeli, which is the most important industrial city in Turkey. The opinions of the midwives on the characteristics that a good midwife should possess and the professional values that a good midwife should observe were collected via in-depth interviews. The interviews were recorded. A total of three meetings were held with the participants. Finally, the notes taken by the reporter during these interviews were rearranged, and the recordings were transcribed by the researchers. Results: The characteristics suggested by the participants were classified into three categories: professional, personal, and interpersonal. Professional competence, capacity to properly inform interested parties, trustworthiness, respect for individuals and human dignity, and empathy were the most commonly named characteristics. As for the professional values of midwifery, professional competence, trustworthiness, responsibility, maximum benefit, and protection of privacy were the most often identified. Midwives also reported that most of the difficulties they faced in the exercise of daily tasks concerned protecting the privacy of their patients as well as the integrity and prestige of the profession, achieving the maximum benefit and least harm for patients, and providing a just and equal service. Conclusions: The professional values were mentioned by participant midwives were similar to the values proposed by international professional organizations. But there were some differences perhaps due to cultural differences

One-Parameter Homothetic Motion in the Hyperbolic Plane and Euler-Savary Formula

In \cite{Mul} one-parameter planar motion was first introduced and the relations between absolute, relative, sliding velocities (and accelerations) in the Euclidean plane $\mathbb{E}^2$ were obtained. Moreover, the relations between the Complex velocities one-parameter motion in the Complex plane were provided by \cite{Mul}. One-parameter planar homothetic motion was defined in the Complex plane, \cite{Kur}. In this paper, analogous to homothetic motion in the Complex plane given by \cite{Kur}, one-parameter planar homothetic motion is defined in the Hyperbolic plane. Some characteristic properties about the velocity vectors, the acceleration vectors and the pole curves are given. Moreover, in the case of homothetic scale $h$ identically equal to 1, the results given in \cite{Yuc} are obtained as a special case. In addition, three hyperbolic planes, of which two are moving and the other one is fixed, are taken into consideration and a canonical relative system for one-parameter planar hyperbolic homothetic motion is defined. Euler-Savary formula, which gives the relationship between the curvatures of trajectory curves, is obtained with the help of this relative system

Real-life stress level monitoring using smart bands in the light of contextual information

An automatic stress detection system that uses unobtrusive smart bands will contribute to human health and well-being by alleviating the effects of high stress levels. However, there are a number of challenges for detecting stress in unrestricted daily life which results in lower performances of such systems when compared to semi-restricted and laboratory environment studies. The addition of contextual information such as physical activity level, activity type and weather to the physiological signals can improve the classification accuracies of these systems. We developed an automatic stress detection system that employs smart bands for physiological data collection. In this study, we monitored the stress levels of 16 participants of an EU project training every day throughout the eight days long event by using our system. We collected 1440 hours of physiological data and 2780 self-report questions from the participants who are from diverse countries. The project midterm presentations (see Figure 3) in front of a jury at the end of the event were the source of significant real stress. Different types of contextual information, along with the physiological data, were recorded to determine the perceived stress levels of individuals. We further analyze the physiological signals in this event to infer long term perceived stress levels which we obtained from baseline PSS-14 questionnaires. Session-based, daily and long-term perceived stress levels could be identified by using the proposed system successfully