Hiki, ähky ja loikka - Osallistujien pedagogisia mietteitä ja ideoita hankkeen varrelta

DIGIJOUJOU-hankkeessa työskennelleet opettajat ovat hankkeen toimintavuosien 2017-2019 aikana pohtineet opetuksen ja oppimisen digitaalisuutta ja joustavuutta eri näkökulmista: mitä digitaalisuus ja joustavuus suomen ja ruotsin opiskelussa tarkoittaa, miten soveltaa, lisätä ja kehittää digitaalisuutta ja joustavuutta omassa opetuksessa ja opiskelijoiden oppimisessa. Hankelaisten blogikirjoituksissa näemme askeleita opettajien omasta ja yhdessä muiden kanssa oppimisesta hankkeen edetessä; epävarmuus muuttuu varmuudeksi, ajoittainen digiähky oman asiantuntijuuden kasvuksi ja joustavuus osaksi opettajan arkipedagogiikkaa. Antoisia ja inspiroivia lukuhetkiä! Lisätietoa: https://digijoujou.aalto.fi/Lärarna i DIGIJOUJOU-projektet har under projektets verksamhetsår 2017-2019 reflekterat över digitalisering och exibilitet från olika perspektiv; vad betyder digitalisering och exibilitet i lärandet av finska och svenska, hur ska man implementera, öka och utveckla dessa i den egna undervisningen och i hur studerande lär sig finska och svenska. I projektdeltagarnas bloginlägg får vi inblick i hur allas lärandeprocess i projektet framskrider; osäkerhet utvecklas till säkerhet, digikaoset får ordning och exibilitet blir en del av den egna sakkunnigheten och pedagogiken. Med önskan om givande och inspirerande läsning! Mer information: https://digijoujou.aalto.fi

Common non-synonymous SNPs associated with breast cancer susceptibility: findings from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium.

Candidate variant association studies have been largely unsuccessful in identifying common breast cancer susceptibility variants, although most studies have been underpowered to detect associations of a realistic magnitude. We assessed 41 common non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) for which evidence of association with breast cancer risk had been previously reported. Case-control data were combined from 38 studies of white European women (46 450 cases and 42 600 controls) and analyzed using unconditional logistic regression. Strong evidence of association was observed for three nsSNPs: ATXN7-K264R at 3p21 [rs1053338, per allele OR = 1.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04-1.10, P = 2.9 × 10(-6)], AKAP9-M463I at 7q21 (rs6964587, OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.03-1.07, P = 1.7 × 10(-6)) and NEK10-L513S at 3p24 (rs10510592, OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.07-1.12, P = 5.1 × 10(-17)). The first two associations reached genome-wide statistical significance in a combined analysis of available data, including independent data from nine genome-wide association studies (GWASs): for ATXN7-K264R, OR = 1.07 (95% CI = 1.05-1.10, P = 1.0 × 10(-8)); for AKAP9-M463I, OR = 1.05 (95% CI = 1.04-1.07, P = 2.0 × 10(-10)). Further analysis of other common variants in these two regions suggested that intronic SNPs nearby are more strongly associated with disease risk. We have thus identified a novel susceptibility locus at 3p21, and confirmed previous suggestive evidence that rs6964587 at 7q21 is associated with risk. The third locus, rs10510592, is located in an established breast cancer susceptibility region; the association was substantially attenuated after adjustment for the known GWAS hit. Thus, each of the associated nsSNPs is likely to be a marker for another, non-coding, variant causally related to breast cancer risk. Further fine-mapping and functional studies are required to identify the underlying risk-modifying variants and the genes through which they act.BCAC is funded by Cancer Research UK (C1287/A10118, C1287/A12014) and by the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement n8 223175 (HEALTH-F2–2009-223175) (COGS). Meetings of the BCAC have been funded by the European Union COST programme (BM0606). Genotyping of the iCOGS array was funded by the European Union (HEALTH-F2-2009-223175), Cancer Research UK (C1287/A10710), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research for the ‘CIHR Team in Familial Risks of Breast Cancer’ program and the Ministry of Economic Development, Innovation and Export Trade of Quebec (PSR-SIIRI-701). Additional support for the iCOGS infrastructure was provided by the National Institutes of Health (CA128978) and Post-Cancer GWAS initiative (1U19 CA148537, 1U19 CA148065 and 1U19 CA148112—the GAME-ON initiative), the Department of Defence (W81XWH-10-1-0341), Komen Foundation for the Cure, the Breast Cancer Research Foundation, and the Ovarian Cancer Research Fund. The ABCFS and OFBCR work was supported by grant UM1 CA164920 from the National Cancer Institute (USA). The content of this manuscript does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the National Cancer Institute or any of the collaborating centers in the Breast Cancer Family Registry (BCFR), nor does mention of trade names, commercial products or organizations imply endorsement t by the US Government or the BCFR. The ABCFS was also supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, the New South Wales Cancer Council, the Victorian Health Promotion Foundation (Australia) and the Victorian Breast Cancer Research Consortium. J.L.H. is a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Senior Principal Research Fellow and M.C.S. is a NHMRC Senior Research Fellow. The OFBCR work was also supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research ‘CIHR Team in Familial Risks of Breast Cancer’ program. The ABCS was funded by the Dutch Cancer Society Grant no. NKI2007-3839 and NKI2009-4363. The ACP study is funded by the Breast Cancer Research Trust, UK. The work of the BBCC was partly funded by ELAN-Programme of the University Hospital of Erlangen. The BBCS is funded by Cancer Research UK and Breakthrough Breast Cancer and acknowledges NHS funding to the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, and the National Cancer Research Network (NCRN). E.S. is supported by NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Guy’s & St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust in partnership with King’s College London, UK. Core funding to the Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics was provided by the Wellcome Trust (090532/Z/09/Z). I.T. is supported by the Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. The BSUCH study was supported by the Dietmar-Hopp Foundation, the Helmholtz Society and the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ). The CECILE study was funded by the Fondation de France, the French National Institute of Cancer (INCa), The National League against Cancer, the National Agency for Environmental l and Occupational Health and Food Safety (ANSES), the National Agency for Research (ANR), and the Association for Research against Cancer (ARC). The CGPS was supported by the Chief Physician Johan Boserup and Lise Boserup Fund, the Danish Medical Research Council and Herlev Hospital.The CNIO-BCS was supported by the Genome Spain Foundation the Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Cáncer and grants from the Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer and the Fondo de Investigación Sanitario PI11/00923 and PI081120). The Human Genotyping-CEGEN Unit, CNIO is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. D.A. was supported by a Fellowship from the Michael Manzella Foundation (MMF) and was a participant in the CNIO Summer Training Program. The CTS was initially supported by the California Breast Cancer Act of 1993 and the California Breast Cancer Research Fund (contract 97-10500) and is currently funded through the National Institutes of Health (R01 CA77398). Collection of cancer incidence e data was supported by the California Department of Public Health as part of the statewide cancer reporting program mandated by California Health and Safety Code Section 103885. HAC receives support from the Lon V Smith Foundation (LVS39420). The ESTHER study was supported by a grant from the Baden Württemberg Ministry of Science, Research and Arts. Additional cases were recruited in the context of the VERDI study, which was supported by a grant from the German Cancer Aid (Deutsche Krebshilfe). The GENICA was funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) Germany grants 01KW9975/5, 01KW9976/8, 01KW9977/0 and 01KW0114, the Robert Bosch Foundation, Stuttgart, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), as well as the Department of Internal Medicine , Evangelische Kliniken Bonn gGmbH, Johanniter Krankenhaus Bonn, Germany. The HEBCS was supported by the Helsinki University Central Hospital Research Fund, Academy of Finland (132473), the Finnish Cancer Society, The Nordic Cancer Union and the Sigrid Juselius Foundation. The HERPACC was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, Culture and Technology of Japan, by a Grant-in-Aid for the Third Term Comprehensive 10-Year strategy for Cancer Control from Ministry Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan, by a research grant from Takeda Science Foundation , by Health and Labour Sciences Research Grants for Research on Applying Health Technology from Ministry Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan and by National Cancer Center Research and Development Fund. The HMBCS was supported by short-term fellowships from the German Academic Exchange Program (to N.B), and the Friends of Hannover Medical School (to N.B.). Financial support for KARBAC was provided through the regional agreement on medical training and clinical research (ALF) between Stockholm County Council and Karolinska Institutet, the Stockholm Cancer Foundation and the Swedish Cancer Society. The KBCP was financially supported by the special Government Funding (EVO) of Kuopio University Hospital grants, Cancer Fund of North Savo, the Finnish Cancer Organizations, the Academy of Finland and by the strategic funding of the University of Eastern Finland. kConFab is supported by grants from the National Breast Cancer Foundation , the NHMRC, the Queensland Cancer Fund, the Cancer Councils of New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia and the Cancer Foundation of Western Australia. The kConFab Clinical Follow Up Study was funded by the NHMRC (145684, 288704, 454508). Financial support for the AOCS was provided by the United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (DAMD17-01-1-0729), the Cancer Council of Tasmania and Cancer Foundation of Western Australia and the NHMRC (199600). G.C.T. and P.W. are supported by the NHMRC. LAABC is supported by grants (1RB-0287, 3PB-0102, 5PB-0018 and 10PB-0098) from the California Breast Cancer Research Program. Incident breast cancer cases were collected by the USC Cancer Surveillance Program (CSP) which is supported under subcontract by the California Department of Health. The CSP is also part of the National Cancer Institute’s Division of Cancer Prevention and Control Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, under contract number N01CN25403. LMBC is supported by the ‘Stichting tegen Kanker’ (232-2008 and 196-2010). The MARIE study was supported by the Deutsche Krebshilfe e.V. (70-2892-BR I), the Federal Ministry of Education Research (BMBF) Germany (01KH0402), the Hamburg Cancer Society and the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ). MBCSG is supported by grants from the Italian Association ciation for Cancer Research (AIRC) and by funds from the Italian citizens who allocated a 5/1000 share of their tax payment in support of the Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, according to Italian laws (INT-Institutional strategic projects ‘5 × 1000’). The MCBCS was supported by the NIH grants (CA122340, CA128978) and a Specialized Program of Research Excellence (SPORE) in Breast Cancer (CA116201), the Breast Cancer Research Foundation and a generous gift from the David F. and Margaret T. Grohne Family Foundation and the Ting Tsung and Wei Fong Chao Foundation. MCCS cohort recruitment was funded by VicHealth and Cancer Council Victoria. The MCCS was further supported by Australian NHMRC grants 209057, 251553 and 504711 and by infrastructure provided by Cancer Council Victoria. The MEC was supported by NIH grants CA63464, CA54281, CA098758 and CA132839. The work of MTLGEBCS was supported by the Quebec Breast Cancer Foundation, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (grant CRN-87521) and the Ministry of Economic Development, Innovation and Export Trade (grant PSR-SIIRI-701). MYBRCA is funded by research grants from the Malaysian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI), Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education (UM.C/HlR/MOHE/06) and Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation (CARIF). Additional controls were recruited by the Singapore Eye Research Institute, which was supported by a grant from the Biomedical Research Council (BMRC08/1/35/19,tel:08/1/35/19./550), Singapore and the National medical Research Council, Singapore (NMRC/CG/SERI/2010). The NBCS was supported by grants from the Norwegian Research council (155218/V40, 175240/S10 to A.L.B.D., FUGE-NFR 181600/ V11 to V.N.K. and a Swizz Bridge Award to A.L.B.D.). The NBHS was supported by NIH grant R01CA100374. Biological sample preparation was conducted the Survey and Biospecimen Shared Resource, which is supported by P30 CA68485. The OBCS was supported by research grants from the Finnish Cancer Foundation, the Sigrid Juselius Foundation, the Academy of Finland, the University of Oulu, and the Oulu University Hospital. The ORIGO study was supported by the Dutch Cancer Society (RUL 1997-1505) and the Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure (BBMRI-NLCP16). The PBCS was funded by Intramural Research Funds of the National Cancer Institute, Department of Health and Human Services, USA. pKARMA is a combination of the KARMA and LIBRO-1 studies. KARMA was supported by Ma¨rit and Hans Rausings Initiative Against Breast Cancer. KARMA and LIBRO-1 were supported the Cancer Risk Prediction Center (CRisP; www.crispcenter.org), a Linnaeus Centre (Contract ID 70867902) financed by the Swedish Research Council. The RBCS was funded by the Dutch Cancer Society (DDHK 2004-3124, DDHK 2009-4318). SASBAC was supported by funding from the Agency for Science, Technology and Research of Singapore (A∗STAR), the US National Institute of Health (NIH) and the Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation KC was financed by the Swedish Cancer Society (5128-B07-01PAF). The SBCGS was supported primarily by NIH grants R01CA64277, R01CA148667, and R37CA70867. Biological sample preparation was conducted the Survey and Biospecimen Shared Resource, which is supported by P30 CA68485. The SBCS was supported by Yorkshire Cancer Research S305PA, S299 and S295. Funding for the SCCS was provided by NIH grant R01 CA092447. The Arkansas Central Cancer Registry is fully funded by a grant from National Program of Cancer Registries, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Data on SCCS cancer cases from Mississippi were collected by the Mississippi Cancer Registry which participates in the National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The contents of this publication are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC or the Mississippi Cancer Registry. SEARCH is funded by a programme grant from Cancer Research UK (C490/A10124) and supported by the UK National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at the University of Cambridge. The SEBCS was supported by the BRL (Basic Research Laboratory) program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2012-0000347). SGBCC is funded by the National Medical Research Council Start-up Grant and Centre Grant (NMRC/CG/NCIS /2010). The recruitment of controls by the Singapore Consortium of Cohort Studies-Multi-ethnic cohort (SCCS-MEC) was funded by the Biomedical Research Council (grant number: 05/1/21/19/425). SKKDKFZS is supported by the DKFZ. The SZBCS was supported by Grant PBZ_KBN_122/P05/2004. K. J. is a fellow of International PhD program, Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, supported by the Polish Foundation of Science. The TNBCC was supported by the NIH grant (CA128978), the Breast Cancer Research Foundation , Komen Foundation for the Cure, the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Stefanie Spielman Fund for Breast Cancer Research and a generous gift from the David F. and Margaret T. Grohne Family Foundation and the Ting Tsung and Wei Fong Chao Foundation. Part of the TNBCC (DEMOKRITOS) has been co-financed by the European Union (European Social Fund – ESF) and Greek National Funds through the Operational Program ‘Education and Life-long Learning’ of the National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF)—Research Funding Program of the General Secretariat for Research & Technology: ARISTEIA. The TWBCS is supported by the Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica and the National Science Council, Taiwan. The UKBGS is funded by Breakthrough Breast Cancer and the Institute of Cancer Research (ICR). ICR acknowledges NHS funding to the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre. Funding to pay the Open Access publication charges for this article was provided by the Wellcome Trust.This is the advanced access published version distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 2.0, which can also be viewed on the publisher's webstie at: http://hmg.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2014/07/04/hmg.ddu311.full.pdf+htm

ArtGoesWork

Användningen av konst som verktyg kan bl.a. stärka människors engagemang i arbetet, motivera dem och öka viljan att experimentera. Projektet ArtGoesWork genomfördes under åren 2010-2013 vid Yrkeshögskolan Novia, med stöd av Europeiska Socialfonden(ESF). Projektet utvecklade nya koncept för att genom konstnärlig verksamhet främja arbetsvälbefinnandet hos medarbetarna i företag och organisationer. Konstnärliga interventioner på arbetsplatser kan ge ny innebörd och mening åt själva arbetet, främja förståelsen för utvecklingen av arbetsgemenskapen och utveckla empati i de mänskliga relationerna. Genom att verka som brobyggare mellan konstnärer och företag var projektets målsättningar att främja kreativitet och innovation på arbetsplatser.Taiteelliset toimintatavat, taiteen käyttö työkaluna voi edistää esim. asioiden omaksi kokemista, merkityksellistämistä ja kokeilua. Vuosina 2010-2013 Novia ammattikorkeakoulussa toteutettiin projekti ArtGoesWork Euroopan sosiaalirahaston (ESR) tuella. Projektissa kehitettiin uusia konsepteja yritysten henkilöstön työhyvinvoinnin edistämiseksi taiteen ja taiteilijoiden toiminnan kautta. Taidetyöskentelyssä voivat esteettiset prosessit tuoda esille uusia merkityksiä työstä, ymmärrystä työyhteisön kehittämiseen ja empatiaa työyhteisön ihmissuhteissa. ArtGoesWork –projektin yleistavoitteet työpaikoille ja työelämäkeskustelulle olivat luovuuden ja innovatiivisuuden edistäminen työpaikoilla toimimalla siltana taiteilijoiden ja yritysten välillä sekä mahdollistaa työhyvinvointia edistävien keskustelupaikkojen rakentumista, sekä synnyttää uusia näkökulmia työn merkityksestä osana elämää.Artistic practices and the use of art can aid workers to understand their work as their own and increase its meaning. The ArtGoesWork project was carried out at the Novia University of Applied Sciences with the aid of the European Social Fund (ESF) in 2010-2013. The project developed new concepts of promoting the well-being of company staff through art and the activities of artists. In art working, aesthetic processes may reveal new meanings for work, understanding the development of the work community and empathy in workplace relationships. The general objectives of the ArtGoesWork project were the promotion of creativity and innovation in workplaces by acting as a bridge between artists and companies, generating discussion spaces for enhancing wellbeing at work, and creating new perspectives on the importance of work as a part of life

Tekijä on toinen : kuinka kuvallinen dialogi syntyy

This research has its focus in the school world and on how it is possible for a new means of producing art to take place in the field of art education through interaction between students and a teacher. The study attempts to find answers to the following questions: Can art work produced by students function as inspiration for an artist teacher in her own art production? How do new points of view and ways of constructing knowledge develop during an interactive process of art production between students and their teacher? The main visual starting point for the research was the work of art, “Donkey in the School” (1556) by Pieter Bruegel the Elder. Bruegel’s art work functioned as a guideline for both visual expression and thinking throughout the study. The research is based on visual interpretation of works by Bruegel through the collaboration and interaction of students with their artist-teacher. The theoretical background for the visual picture analysis in the research is based on the model of experiential understanding of art developed by Marjo Räsänen. Räsänen’s theory has been taken further and developed into a model of interpreting images in an interactive process that can be considered in the light of Bahtin’s theory of polyphony in the novels of Dostoyevsky. In a polyphonic novel there is no single author, but rather a group of author-thinkers who are the subjects of the novel. In dialogical picture analysis the works of art themselves and the interpretations of the art work replace the author, and thus the final result cannot be seen as the product of a single author. The dialogue occurs between the works of art, the students, their interpretations of the art work and the artist-researcher. In this research a dialogue is defined as an interaction between works of art. The teacher listens to the students through their works of art, both visual and textual, and also gives an opportunity for the students to see and make comments on her own art work. The idea of equality is based on the idea that input from the students includes the kind of insights that would probably have been un-noticed if the study was only based on observations by the teacher. Interaction and equality are grounded in mutual giving and receiving that does not necessarily need to be reciprocal. The teacher opens windows towards the art world and gives the students a means of expression. The students can enable the teacher to see her work from a different perspective. In the end it is a question of generating new views from both sides. The result of a true dialogue can never be known at the start of the conversation. This research emphasizes dialogue between works of art. The thoughts and phenomena expressed through art are as meaningful and true as those expressed verbally. Art can also express things that are often impossible to put into words, which is why such dialogue can yield results over and above what is possible through verbal discussion between individuals.Väitöstutkimus kohdentuu koulumaailmaan ja taidekasvatuksen mahdollisuuksiin avata uusia taiteellisen tuottamisen keinoja oppilaiden ja opettajan vuorovaikutuksen kautta. Kirjassa pohditaan oppilaiden merkitystä taiteilija-opettajan taiteellisen työn innoittajina sekä uusien näkökulmien ja lähestymistapojen syntymistä oppilaiden ja opettajan yhteisessä kuvallisen tuottamisen prosessissa. Tutkimuksessa käsiteltävän kuvallisen tuottamisen pääasiallinen lähtökohta on Pieter Bruegel Vanhemman teos Aasi koulussa (1556). Bruegelin teos on toiminut tutkijan sekä visuaalisen ilmaisun että ajattelun punaisena lankana. Väitöskirja perustuu Bruegelin teosten pohjalta tehdyille kuvatulkinnoille vuorovaikutuksessa oppilaiden ja taiteilija-opettajan välillä, ja näiden uusien, ei-kenenkään tekemien kuvien synnyttämälle kasvatusfilosofiselle pohdinnalle. Tässä yhteydessä kuvatulkinnan teoreettinen tausta on Marjo Räsäsen kokemuksellisen taiteentulkinnan mallissa. Räsäsen mallin pohjalta on kehitelty uusi dialogisen kuvatulkinnan lähestymistapa, jota voi tarkastella myös Bahtinin luoman teorian valossa Dostojevskin polyfonisen romaanin mallista. Polyfonisessa romaanissa ei ole yhtä tekijää, vaan joukko tekijä-ajattelijoita, teoksen subjekteja. Dialogisen kuvatulkinnan toteutuksessa teokset ja tulkinnat ottavat subjektin, tekijän osan ja lopputulosta ei voi sanoa yhden tekijän aikaansaannokseksi. Vuoropuhelu, dialogi tapahtuu siis oppilaiden ja taidehistoriallisten kuvien kesken sekä oppilaiden tuottamien kuvien ja taiteilija-tutkijan välillä. Tässä tutkimuksessa vuorovaikutuksella tarkoitetaan nimenomaan teosten välistä keskustelua. Opettaja kuuntelee oppilaita heidän teostensa, niin kuvallisten kuin sanallistenkin kautta ja antaa oppilaille myös mahdollisuuden nähdä ja kommentoida opettajan teoksia. Tasavertaisuus nousee ajatuksesta, että oppilaiden tulkinnat pitävät sisällään teemoja, jotka olisivat jääneet taiteilija-opettajan ulottumattomiin, mikäli hän olisi toiminut vain omien havaintojensa varassa. Vuorovaikutus ja tasavertaisuus nousevat molemminpuolisesta antamisesta ja saamisesta, joiden ei tarvitse olla keskenään samankaltaisia. Opettaja antaa oppilaille ikkunoita taidemaailmaan ja välineitä maan ilmaisuun. Oppilaat antavat opettajalle mahdollisuuden nähdä tulkittava teos uusin, toisin silmin. Loppujen lopuksi on kyse uusien näköalojen avaamisesta puolin ja toisin. Dialogin lopputulos ei voi koskaan olla tiedossa sen alkaessa; muussa tapauksessa ei ole kyse aidosta dialogista. Erkkilä korostaa teosten välistä dialogia. Taiteen kautta ilmaistut asiat ovat aivan yhtä erkittäviä kuin ihmisen henkilönä ilmaisemat asiat. Taide voi kuitenkin puhua usein myös sellaisesta, mistä henkilö voi vain vaieta ja sen tähden taiteellinen dialogi voi synnyttää näkökulmia, joihin henkilöiden välinen vuoropuhelu ei ehkä koskaan yllä