3-Diethyl­amino-6-[(Z)-(4-hy­droxy­anilino)methyl­idene]cyclo­hexa-2,4-dienone

In the mol­ecule of the title compound, C17H20N2O2, the aromatic rings are oriented at a dihedral angle of 6.23 (22)°. Intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonding involving the amine H atom and the carbonyl O atom affects the conformation of the mol­ecule. One of the ethyl arms is disordered over two conformations, with occupancies of 0.59 (2) and 0.41 (2). The crystal packing is stabilized by inter­molecular C—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, and weak C—H⋯π inter­actions

5-Diethyl­amino-2-[(E)-(4-eth­oxy­phen­yl)imino­meth­yl]phenol

The title compound, C19H24N2O2, adopts the phenol–imine tautomeric form. An intra­molecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond results in the formation of a six-membered ring. The aromatic rings are oriented at a dihedral angle of 17.33 (16)°. Inter­molecular C—H⋯π inter­actions occur in the crystal

Estimation of phytoplankton biomass using HPLC pigment analysis in the southwestern Black Sea

The phytoplankton population of the southwestern Black Sea in May 2001 was studied by taxonomic analysis using microscopic examination and by pigment analyses using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Pigment data, which identified phytoplankton assemblages dominated by dinoflagellates, diatoms and coccolithophores in May 2001, were compared to phytoplankton cell counts and biomass. There were significant (p < 0.002-0.01, r=0.56-0.67) relationships between the taxon-specific pigment concentrations and the taxon-specific cell numbers during this sampling period. The ratios of chlorophyll-a to the dominant accessory pigments calculated by multiple linear regressions were 1.2 (chlorophyll-a: peridinin) in dinoflagellates, 1.8 (chlorophyll-a: fucoxanthin) in diatoms, and 2.66 (chlorophyll-a: 19'-hex on oyloxyfucoxanthin) in coccolithophores. HPLC-determined chlorophyll-a biomass correlated well with the sum of the group-specific pigment biomass (p < 0.001, r(2) = 0.95). The phytoplankton assemblage as revealed by the microscopic and HPLC analyses was thus made up of common Black Sea groups showing that HPLC pigment analysis can be used to quantify phytoplankton assemblages in the Black Sea based on simple ratios. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Estimation of phytoplankton biomass using HPLC pigment analysis in the southwestern Black Sea

The phytoplankton population of the southwestern Black Sea in May 2001 was studied by taxonomic analysis using microscopic examination and by pigment analyses using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Pigment data, which identified phytoplankton assemblages dominated by dinoflagellates, diatoms and coccolithophores in May 2001, were compared to phytoplankton cell counts and biomass. There were significant (p < 0.002-0.01, r=0.56-0.67) relationships between the taxon-specific pigment concentrations and the taxon-specific cell numbers during this sampling period. The ratios of chlorophyll-a to the dominant accessory pigments calculated by multiple linear regressions were 1.2 (chlorophyll-a: peridinin) in dinoflagellates, 1.8 (chlorophyll-a: fucoxanthin) in diatoms, and 2.66 (chlorophyll-a: 19'-hex on oyloxyfucoxanthin) in coccolithophores. HPLC-determined chlorophyll-a biomass correlated well with the sum of the group-specific pigment biomass (p < 0.001, r(2) = 0.95). The phytoplankton assemblage as revealed by the microscopic and HPLC analyses was thus made up of common Black Sea groups showing that HPLC pigment analysis can be used to quantify phytoplankton assemblages in the Black Sea based on simple ratios

Phytoplankton distribution in the Caspian Sea during March 2001

Phytoplankton abundance, biomass and species composition of the Caspian Sea were evaluated by using samples collected from the Iranian (southern Caspian Sea) and southern Kazakhstan (eastern Caspian Sea) surface waters in March 2001. A total of 45 taxa were found in the samples (20 diatoms, 17 dinoflagellates and 8 others). Abundance and biomass of diatoms were high at the eastern stations, while dinoflagellates were dominant in terms of both biomass and abundance in the southern region. Average abundance and biomass were 40 000 +/- 35 000 cell l(-1) and 580 +/- 690 mu g l(-1). The mean biomass value found here for the Middle and southern Caspian Sea in March are difficult to compare with the past due to limited information, but seems higher than previously registered values. Higher chlorophyll values were also apparent from the Sea WIFS images in 2001 compared to those in 1998. This is suggested to be due to decreased grazing of phytoplankton by zooplankton which is voraciously preyed by the recent invasive ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi

Quality of life and related variables in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

To evaluate quality of life (QoL) and related variables in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a chronic inflammatory disease of the spine

Description of the registry of patients with ankylosing spondylitis in Turkey: TRASD-IP

WOS: 000299007300027PubMed ID: 20711591A web-based application patient follow-up program was developed to create a registry of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) by the Turkiye Romatizma Arastirma Savas Dernegi (TRASD) AS Study Group. This study describes the methodological background and patient characteristics. The patient follow-up program is a web-based questionnaire, which contains sections on socio-demographic data, anamnesis, personal and family history, systemic and musculoskeletal examination, laboratory and imaging data and treatment. Between October 1, 2007 and February 28, 2009, 1,381 patients from 41 centers were included in the registry (1,038 males [75.2%]; mean age 39.5 +/- A 10.7 years). Mean disease duration was 12.1 +/- A 8.5 years, and mean time from initial symptom to diagnosis was 5 +/- A 6.8 years (median 2 years). HLA-B27 positivity was detected in 73.7% of 262 patients tested. Manifestations of extraarticular involvement were anterior uveitis (13.2%), psoriasis and other skin and mucous membrane lesions (6%) and inflammatory bowel disease (3.8%). The prevalence of peripheral arthritis was 11.2%. In 51.7% of patients, the Bath AS Disease Activity Index was a parts per thousand yen4. But since our patients consisted of the ones with more severe disease who referred to the tertiary centers and needed a regular follow-up, they may not represent the general AS population. Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs were being used by 41.9% of patients, with 16.4% using anti-TNF agents. TRASD-IP (Izlem Programi: Follow-up program) is the first AS registry in Turkey. Such databases are very useful and provide a basis for data collection from large numbers of subjects. TRASD-IP gives information on the clinical and demographic profiles of patients, and the efficacy and safety of anti-TNF drugs, examines the impact on quality of life, and provides real-life data that may be used in cost-effectiveness analyses.Wyeth/Pfizer CompanyWyethThe authors express their gratitude to all members of TRASD AS Study group for their cooperation and to Wyeth/Pfizer Company for the sponsorship. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest