Grounded capacitor-based new floating inductor simulators and a stability test

In this paper, two new floating inductor simulators (FISs), both using two differential difference current conveyors, are considered. The proposed FISs do not suffer from passive component matching constraints and employ a minimum number of passive elements. They use a grounded capacitor; accordingly, they are suitable for integrated circuit technology. They have good low- and high-frequency performances. Simulations are performed with the SPICE program to verify the claimed theory. Moreover, for the first FIS used in a second-order low-pass filter, a stability test is performed as an example. © TÜBITAK

New CMOS based current follower and its applications to inductor simulator and band-pass filter

511-516A new CMOS based current follower (CF) with externally controllable X terminal intrinsic resistor has been proposed in this manuscript. Also, a new electronically tunable grounded inductor simulator using only a grounded capacitor has been proposed. The inductor simulator does not need any external resistors. It can be tuned electronically by changing a control voltage. However, it has a single active component matching condition. The simulations results are given in order to demonstrate the performance of the circuits

Comparison of Agility, Sprint, Anaerobic Power and Aerobic Capacities of Soccer Players by Playing Positions

This study was carried out to compare the agility, sprint, anaerobic power and aerobic capacities of the soccer players by their playing positions. 33 male soccer players (defenders (n=8) 20±1.73 years; midfielders (n=10) 20.09±1.97 years forwards (n=7) 20.55±1.91) with a training age of over 5 years playing in different positions in Kastamonu amateur league participated in the study voluntarily. First, Body Mass Index (BMI) values were calculated by measuring the height and weight of each player. Then, Illinois Agility Test, Yoyo Intermittent Recovery Test, 30 m. Sprint Test and Running-Based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST) were conducted. Statistical analysis was done with the SPSS 22.0 program. No statistically significant differences were observed between defenders, midfielder and forwards in Yoyo Test (m.), MaxVO2 (ml/kg/min.), RAST maximal power, RAST average power and RAST fatigue index (p>0.05). However, a significant difference was found between players in Illinois Test (sec.) and 30 m. Sprint Test (sec.) (p<0.05). Forwards and midfielders were more agile than defenders, and midfielders were faster than defenders. It will therefore contribute to their performance to evaluate physical and physiological needs according to playing positions as the distances players cover vary depending on their playing positions (defense, midfield and forward) along with the movements they perform on the pitch and the frequency of these movements

Interface slip model for reinforced concrete columns strengthened with concrete jacketing

Retrofit and strengthening of columns can be an effective solution to improve the capacity of reinforced concrete (RC) structures when the structural details and strength are insufficient to resist extreme loads. When concrete jacketing is used by enlarging the existing RC column cross section, the main concern is the performance loss between new and old concrete due to potential interface slip. There are three major options to improve slip resistance at the interface including surface roughening, dowels, or both. In this study, these methods are evaluated and parameters are proposed to model the load transfer along the interface between the existing and new concrete. The response of reinforced concrete jacketed columns is simulated using the proposed numerical models. The effectiveness and need for surface roughening, dowels, or their combination are investigated. A slip coefficient is proposed to model the friction between new and old concrete materials based on comparison of the experimental data and numerical simulations

The relationship between insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in non-obese non-diabetic Turkish individuals: a pilot study

Background/Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is related to obesity, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome may also be encountered in non-obese, non-diabetic individuals, and there are no published data about the prevalence of these conditions in non-obese, non-diabetic Turkish subjects. We aimed to determine the difference between non-obese, non-diabetic nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients and healthy controls in terms of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in Turkish subjects. Materials and Methods: Non-obese, non-diabetic individuals (n=219) were enrolled. The cohort was divided into two groups according to presence of steatosis in ultrasonography: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease group (n=143) and healthy control group (n=76). Insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome were analyzed and compared between the two groups. Results: The prevalences of metabolic syndrome (32.2% vs. 5.3%, respectively; p<0.001) and insulin resistance (46.2% vs. 9.2%, respectively; p<0.001) were significantly higher in the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease group. According to multiple logistic regression analysis, age (odds ratio 1.534; p=0.0032), insulin resistance (odds ratio 1.074; p<0.001), and serum ALT levels (odds ratio 1.102; p<0.001) were independently associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Conclusion: Insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome are not rare in non-obese, non-diabetic Turkish subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Ultrasonographically detected fatty liver was independently associated with insulin resistance, irrespective of the presence of metabolic syndrome

The impact of admission red cell distribution width on long-term cardiovascular events after primary percutaneous intervention: A four-year prospective study

Background: Red cell distribution width (RDW) is an indicator of erythrocyte in different size, and its prognostic value has been demonstrated in numerous cardiac and non-cardiac diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of RDW on the long- -term cardiovascular events in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: Ninety-six consecutive patients (mean age 60.6 ± 12.5 years, 77.1% male) with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), who were treated with primary PCI, were analyzed prospectively. Baseline RDW and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured. The patients were followed up for major adverse cardiac events (MACE) for up to 48 months after discharge. Results: There were 30 patients with long-term MACE (Group 1) and 66 patients without long-term MACE (Group 2). Age, admission RDW, hs-CRP and creatine kinase-MB levels, heart rate after PCI, previously used angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, left anterior descending artery lesion, and electrocardiographic no-reflow were higher in Group 1. Admission hemoglobin levels were lower in Group 1. An RDW level ≥ 13.85% measured on admission had 80% sensitivity and 64% specificity in predicting long-term MACE on receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis. In multivariate analyses, only admission RDW (HR 5.26, &lt; 95% CI 1.71–16.10; p = 0.004) was an independent predictor of long-term MACE. Conclusions: A high baseline RDW value in patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI is independently associated with increased risk for long term MACE

Investigation of musculoskeletal system injuries in athletes doing bodybuilding and fitness sportsVücut geliştirme ve fitness sporu yapanlarda, kas, iskelet sistemi sakatlıklarının belirlenmesi

The aim of this research is to investigate the musculoskeletal system injuries in athletes doing bodybuilding and fitness sports.The population of the study consists of 143 female (34.5%) and 272 (65.5%) male participants aged between 16-60 (26.16 ± 8.83) doing body building and fitness training in the gymnasiums located in İzmir, Denizli, Aydın, Manisa and Muğla. The "Extended Nordic Musculoskeletal System Questionnaire (ENMSQ)" was used to question musculoskeletal disorders. ENMSQ asks yes / no whether there is pain, pain or discomfort in the nine body regions up to now, within the last 12 months, within the last four weeks, and on the day the assessment is made. The Nordic Musculoskeletal The data obtained from ENMSQ was calculated at a significance level of 0.05 in the 95% confidence interval by the SPSS 22.0 package program.In the study, it was found that there was no significant difference between individuals in terms of getting injured according to variables such as gender, sports training, warming exercises before training (p&gt;0.05); There was a statistically significant difference (p&lt;0.05) between individuals in the knee region according to age variable; on shoulder and knee regions according to BMI values, elbow, hand-wrist and forearm and foot-to-foot area according to frequency of weekly training.In the study, it was concluded that increase in the likelihood of getting injured in the knee and shoulder regions due to increase in age and BMI values for the athletes doing body building and fitness sports. Therefore, doing regular physical activity, adequate and     balanced diet should be regulated the body weight according to height in order to avoid injuries in knee and shoulder areas. In addition, the study found that as the frequency of weekly training decreased in those engaged in body building and fitness, there were increases in elbows, hand-wrists and injuries to the forearms and foot-to-foot areas of them. Therefore, the likelihood of getting injured in the elbow, hand-wrist and forearm and foot-ankle regions can be reduced by increasing the frequency of weekly training and broadening its scope.Extended English abstract is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu araştırmanın amacı vücut geliştirme ve fitness sporu yapanlarda görülen, kas-iskelet sistemi sakatlıklarının belirlenmesidir.Araştırmanın örneklemini İzmir, Denizli, Aydın, Manisa ve Muğla illerinde bulunan spor salonlarında vücut geliştirme ve fitness antrenmanlarına katılan, yaşları 16-60 (26.16±8.83) arasında değişen, 143’ü kadın (%34.5) ve 272‘si erkek (%65.5) olmak üzere 415 gönüllü kişi oluşturmuştur. Kas iskelet sistemi rahatsızlıklarını sorgulamak amacıyla “Genişletilmiş Nordic Kas İskelet Sistemi Anketi (GNKİSA)” kullanıldı. GNKİSA, dokuz vücut bölgesinde şimdiye kadar, son 12 ay içinde, son dört hafta içinde ve değerlendirmenin yapıldığı gün, acı, ağrı veya rahatsızlık olup olmadığını evet/hayır şeklinde sorgular. GNKİSA’dan elde edilen veriler SPSS 22.0 paket programında %95 güven aralığında 0.05 anlamlılık düzeyinde değerlendirildi.Yapılan istatistiki analizlerde yaş değişkenine göre diz bölgesinden; BKİ değerlerine göre omuz ve diz bölgelerinden; haftalık antrenman yapma sıklığına göre dirsek, el-el bileği ve ön kol ile ayak-ayak bileği bölgelerinden sakatlık geçiren ve geçirmeyen bireyler arasında anlamlı bir farklılığın olduğu görüldü (p&lt;0.05).Araştırmada vücut geliştirme ve fitness sporuyla uğraşanlarda yaş ve BKİ değerlerinin artışına bağlı olarak diz ve omuz bölgelerinde sakatlıklarının görülme oranında artışların olduğu sonucuna ulaşıldı. Bu nedenle diz ve omuz bölgelerinde sakatlıklarla karşılaşmamak için düzenli fiziksel aktiviteye katılım, yeterli ve dengeli beslenme ile boy uzunluğuna uygun vücut ağırlığının denetimi sağlanmalıdır. Buna ek olarak, araştırmada vücut geliştirme ve fitness sporuyla uğraşanlarda haftalık antrenman sıklığı azaldıkça dirsek, el-el bileği ve ön kol ile ayak-ayak bileği bölgelerinde görülen sakatlıklarda artışların olduğu ortaya konuldu. Bundan dolayı haftalık antrenman sıklığının arttırılması suretiyle kapsam genişletilerek dirsek, el-el bileği ve ön kol ile ayak-ayak bileği bölgelerinde sakatlık görülme olasılığı azaltılabilir

The Results of Adjuvant and Salvage Radiotherapy Following Radical Prostatectomy

Objective:The aim of the study is to evaluate the contribution of postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy (ART) and salvage radiotherapy (SRT) to oncological outcomes and side effects related to treatment in prostate cancer patients with adverse prognostic factors.Method:Between January 2000 and January 2020, 105 patients who received the diagnosis of prostate cancer and underwent ART or SRT in our clinic after open or robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy were evaluated retrospectively and 93 patients whose follow-ups were still ongoing were included in the study. Fifty-two patients received ART and 41 patients received SRT. External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) was applied to prostate bed (PB) with a median EBRT of 70 Gy (66-72 Gy) and/or pelvic lymphatics with 50 Gy. Biochemical relapse-free survival (bRFS) and treatment-related acute and late gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) toxicities were evaluated. The Mann-Whitney U and chi-square tests were used for univariate analysis to analyze clinicopathological variables associated with biochemical relapse-free and overall survival and to evaluate side effects. Logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis to investigate the risk factors associated with toxicities.Results:The median age of the patients included in the study was 64 (50-82) years. The median follow-up period of the entire patient population was 30 months (range, 3-234 months). Adjuvant RT was applied to 52 patients with adverse pathological features such as postoperative surgical margin positivity, extracapsular extension and seminal vesicle involvement, while SRT was applied to 41 patients with a prostate-specific antigen level ≥0.2 ng/mL detected during follow-up and considered to have biochemical relapse. bRFS rates at 3 years were detected as 100% in the ART and 97.4% in the SRT arm. Acute and late side effects were evaluated according to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group/European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer system, and acute and late GI and GU side effects were found to be similar in patients who underwent ART or SRT. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis in which the factors predicting the development of acute toxicity were investigated, the risk of developing acute toxicity was found to be higher in patients with lymph node involvement (p=0.047) and those who underwent whole pelvic RT (WPRT) compared to those who received RT applied only to PB (p= 0.002). When the patients who received WPRT using volumetric arc therapy (VMAT) were compared with those who had radiotherapy delivered only to PB, grade ≥2 acute GI side effects were detected in 4.2% and 1.4% of the patients, respectively (p=0.002). On the other hand, grade ≥2 acute GU side effects were found in 12.5% and 5.7% of the patients, respectively. When WPRT vs only PB was compared, any statistically significant difference was not found in terms of late toxicity.Conclusion:Postoperative radiotherapy improves biochemical relapse-free survival in patients with adverse prognostic factors. Despite low incidence of side effects, postoperative pelvic radiotherapy results in significant increases in the acute gastrointestinal toxicity rates. Advanced treatment techniques such as VMAT should be considered in pelvic radiotherapy so as to reduce the incidence of these side effects. It should be noted that in order to improve the quality of life of the patients, timely administration of early SRT showed comparable cancer control rates while reducing potential overtreatment toxicity

Increased mean platelet volume associated with extent of slow coronary flow

Background: Slow coronary flow (SCF) is characterized by delayed opacification of epicardial coronary vessels. SCF can cause ischemia and sudden cardiac death. We investigated the association between presence and extent of SCF, and cardiovascular risk factors and hematologic indices. Methods: In this study, 2467 patients who received coronary angiography for suspected or known ischemic heart disease were retrospectively evaluated between April 2009 and November 2010. Following the application of exclusion criteria, our study population consisted of 57 SCF patients (experimental group) and 90 patients with age- and gender-matched subjects who proved to have normal coronary angiograms (control group). Baseline hematologic indices were measured by the automated complete blood count (CBC) analysis. The groups were evaluated for cardiovascular risk factors and medications. Patients were categorized based on the angiographic findings of vessels with or without SCF. Moreover, patients with SCF were divided into subgroups relative to the extent of SCF. Results: Among the 147 patients (mean age 52.7 &#177; 10.0, 53.7% male), mean platelet volume (MPV) ranged from 6.5 fL to 11.7 fL (median 7.9 fL, mean 8.1 &#177; 0.8 fL). Diabetes (OR = 3.64, 95% CI 1.15&#8211;10.43, p = 0.03), hypercholesterolemia (OR = 4.94, 95% CI 1.99&#8211;12.21, p = 0.001), smoking (OR = 3.54, 95% CI 1.43&#8211;8.72, p = 0.006), hemoglobin (OR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.22&#8211;2.36, p = 0.002), and MPV (OR = 2.52, 95% CI 1.43&#8211;4.44, p = 0.001) were found to be the independent correlates of SCF presence. Only MPV (OR = 2.13, 95% CI 1.05&#8211;4.33, p = 0.03) was identified as an independent correlate of extent of SCF. Conclusions: Elevated baseline MPV value was found to be an independent predictor of the presence and extent of SCF