On Linear Codes Over a Non-Chain Ring

In this paper, we study skew cyclic and quasi cyclic codes over the ring S = F2 +uF2 + vF2 where u2 = u, v2 = v, uv = vu = 0.We investigate the structural properties of them. Using a Gray map on S we obtain the MacWilliams identities for codes over S. The relationships between Symmetrized, Lee and Hamming weight enumerator are determined

The efficacy of cinacalcet in the treatment of hyperparathyroidism in Turkish hemodialysis patient population

WOS: 000393291900012OBJECTIVE: Cinacalcet reduces parathyroid hormone levels by increasing the sensitivity of the parathyroid gland to calcium. in this study, we firstly aimed to evaluate the efficacy of cinacalcet in Turkish hemodialysis patients. MATERIAL and METHODS: 4483 hemodialysis patients were screened and 469 patients who had used cinacalcet were included in the study. the patients were divided into 4 groups according to drug usage durations (Group 1: 3 months, Group 2: 6 months, Group 3: 9 months and Group 4: 12 months). the patients' Parathormone, Ca, P and CaxP levels at the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th months were compared to the start of treatment and previous months. RESULTS: the levels of Parathormone, Ca, P and CaxP significantly decreased compared to their initial levels in all groups (from 1412 pg/ml to 1222 pg/mL for Parathormone, p< 0,001) in the 3rd month. However, this reduction was not continued in the subsequent months (Parathormone: 1381 pg/ml for the 12th month). CONCLUSION: Cinacalcet may not provide adequate benefit in control of hyperparathyroidism in Turkish hemodialysis patient population

Outcome of COVID-19 in Patients With Autoimmune Hepatitis: An International Multicenter Study

Background and Aims: Data regarding outcome of COVID-19 in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) are lacking. Approach and Results: We performed a retrospective study on patients with AIH and COVID-19 from 34 centers in Europe and the Americas. We analyzed factors associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes, defined as the need for mechanical ventilation, intensive care admission, and/or death. The outcomes of patients with AIH were compared to a propensity score?matched cohort of patients without AIH but with chronic liver diseases (CLD) and COVID-19. The frequency and clinical significance of new-onset liver injury (alanine aminotransferase > 2 × the upper limit of normal) during COVID-19 was also evaluated. We included 110 patients with AIH (80% female) with a median age of 49 (range, 18-85) years at COVID-19 diagnosis. New-onset liver injury was observed in 37.1% (33/89) of the patients. Use of antivirals was associated with liver injury (P = 0.041; OR, 3.36; 95% CI, 1.05-10.78), while continued immunosuppression during COVID-19 was associated with a lower rate of liver injury (P = 0.009; OR, 0.26; 95% CI, 0.09-0.71). The rates of severe COVID-19 (15.5% versus 20.2%, P = 0.231) and all-cause mortality (10% versus 11.5%, P = 0.852) were not different between AIH and non-AIH CLD. Cirrhosis was an independent predictor of severe COVID-19 in patients with AIH (P < 0.001; OR, 17.46; 95% CI, 4.22-72.13). Continuation of immunosuppression or presence of liver injury during COVID-19 was not associated with severe COVID-19. Conclusions: This international, multicenter study reveals that patients with AIH were not at risk for worse outcomes with COVID-19 than other causes of CLD. Cirrhosis was the strongest predictor for severe COVID-19 in patients with AIH. Maintenance of immunosuppression during COVID-19 was not associated with increased risk for severe COVID-19 but did lower the risk for new-onset liver injury during COVID-19.Fil: Efe, Cumali. Harran University Hospital; TurquíaFil: Dhanasekaran, Renumathy. University of Stanford; Estados UnidosFil: Lammert, Craig. University School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Ebik, Berat. Gazi Yaşargil Education and Research Hospital; TurquíaFil: Higuera de la Tijera, Fatima. Hospital General de México; MéxicoFil: Aloman, Costica. Rush University Medical Center; Estados UnidosFil: Rıza Calışkan, Ali. Adıyaman University; TurquíaFil: Peralta, Mirta. Latin American Liver Research Educational And Awareness Network; Argentina. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Infecciosas "Dr. Francisco Javier Muñiz"; ArgentinaFil: Gerussi, Alessio. University of Milano Bicocca; Italia. San Gerardo Hospital; ItaliaFil: Massoumi, Hatef. Montefiore Medical Center; Estados UnidosFil: Catana, Andreea M.. Harvard Medical School; Estados UnidosFil: Torgutalp, Murat. Universitätsmedizin Berlin; AlemaniaFil: Purnak, Tugrul. McGovern Medical School; Estados UnidosFil: Rigamonti, Cristina. Azienda Ospedaliera Maggiore Della Carita Di Novara; Italia. Università del Piemonte Orientale; ItaliaFil: Gomez Aldana, Andres Jose. Universidad de los Andes; ColombiaFil: Khakoo, Nidah. University of Miami; Estados UnidosFil: Kacmaz, Hüseyin. Adıyaman University; TurquíaFil: Nazal, Leyla. Clínica Las Condes; ChileFil: Frager, Shalom. Montefiore Medical Center; Estados UnidosFil: Demir, Nurhan. Haseki Training and Research Hospita; TurquíaFil: Irak, Kader. SBU Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital; TurquíaFil: Ellik, Zeynep Melekoğlu. Ankara University Medical Faculty; TurquíaFil: Balaban, Yasemin. Hacettepe University; TurquíaFil: Atay, Kadri. Mardin State Hospital; TurquíaFil: Eren, Fatih. Ordu State Hospital; TurquíaFil: Cristoferi, Laura. University of Milano Bicocca; Italia. San Gerardo Hospital; ItaliaFil: Batibay, Ersin. Harran University Hospital; TurquíaFil: Urzua, Álvaro. Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Medicina.; ChileFil: Snijders, Romee. Radboud University Medical Center; Países BajosFil: Ridruejo, Ezequiel. Latin American Liver Research Educational and Awareness Network; Argentina. Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine; Turquía. Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Effects of immunosuppressive drugs on COVID-19 severity in patients with autoimmune hepatitis

Background: We investigated associations between baseline use of immunosuppressive drugs and severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Patients and methods: Data of AIH patients with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 were retrospectively collected from 15 countries. The outcomes of AIH patients who were on immunosuppression at the time of COVID-19 were compared to patients who were not on AIH medication. The clinical courses of COVID-19 were classified as (i)-no hospitalization, (ii)-hospitalization without oxygen supplementation, (iii)-hospitalization with oxygen supplementation by nasal cannula or mask, (iv)-intensive care unit (ICU) admission with non-invasive mechanical ventilation, (v)-ICU admission with invasive mechanical ventilation or (vi)-death and analysed using ordinal logistic regression. Results: We included 254 AIH patients (79.5%, female) with a median age of 50 (range, 17-85) years. At the onset of COVID-19, 234 patients (92.1%) were on treatment with glucocorticoids (n = 156), thiopurines (n = 151), mycophenolate mofetil (n = 22) or tacrolimus (n = 16), alone or in combinations. Overall, 94 (37%) patients were hospitalized and 18 (7.1%) patients died. Use of systemic glucocorticoids (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.73, 95% CI 1.12-25.89) and thiopurines (aOR 4.78, 95% CI 1.33-23.50) for AIH was associated with worse COVID-19 severity, after adjusting for age-sex, comorbidities and presence of cirrhosis. Baseline treatment with mycophenolate mofetil (aOR 3.56, 95% CI 0.76-20.56) and tacrolimus (aOR 4.09, 95% CI 0.69-27.00) were also associated with more severe COVID-19 courses in a smaller subset of treated patients. Conclusion: Baseline treatment with systemic glucocorticoids or thiopurines prior to the onset of COVID-19 was significantly associated with COVID-19 severity in patients with AIH.Fil: Efe, Cumali. Harran University Hospita; TurquíaFil: Lammert, Craig. University School of Medicine Indianapolis; Estados UnidosFil: Taşçılar, Koray. Universitat Erlangen-Nuremberg; AlemaniaFil: Dhanasekaran, Renumathy. University of Stanford; Estados UnidosFil: Ebik, Berat. Gazi Yasargil Education And Research Hospital; TurquíaFil: Higuera de la Tijera, Fatima. Hospital General de México; MéxicoFil: Calışkan, Ali R.. No especifíca;Fil: Peralta, Mirta. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Infecciosas "Dr. Francisco Javier Muñiz"; ArgentinaFil: Gerussi, Alessio. Università degli Studi di Milano; ItaliaFil: Massoumi, Hatef. No especifíca;Fil: Catana, Andreea M.. Harvard Medical School; Estados UnidosFil: Purnak, Tugrul. University of Texas; Estados UnidosFil: Rigamonti, Cristina. Università del Piemonte Orientale ; ItaliaFil: Aldana, Andres J. G.. Fundacion Santa Fe de Bogota; ColombiaFil: Khakoo, Nidah. Miami University; Estados UnidosFil: Nazal, Leyla. Clinica Las Condes; ChileFil: Frager, Shalom. Montefiore Medical Center; Estados UnidosFil: Demir, Nurhan. Haseki Training And Research Hospital; TurquíaFil: Irak, Kader. Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training And Research Hospital; TurquíaFil: Melekoğlu Ellik, Zeynep. Ankara University Medical Faculty; TurquíaFil: Kacmaz, Hüseyin. Adıyaman University; TurquíaFil: Balaban, Yasemin. Hacettepe University; TurquíaFil: Atay, Kadri. No especifíca;Fil: Eren, Fatih. No especifíca;Fil: Alvares da-Silva, Mario R.. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Cristoferi, Laura. Università degli Studi di Milano; ItaliaFil: Urzua, Álvaro. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Eşkazan, Tuğçe. Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine; TurquíaFil: Magro, Bianca. No especifíca;Fil: Snijders, Romee. No especifíca;Fil: Barutçu, Sezgin. No especifíca;Fil: Lytvyak, Ellina. University of Alberta; CanadáFil: Zazueta, Godolfino M.. Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubiran; MéxicoFil: Demirezer Bolat, Aylin. Ankara City Hospital; TurquíaFil: Aydın, Mesut. Van Yuzuncu Yil University; TurquíaFil: Amorós Martín, Alexandra Noemí. No especifíca;Fil: De Martin, Eleonora. No especifíca;Fil: Ekin, Nazım. No especifíca;Fil: Yıldırım, Sümeyra. No especifíca;Fil: Yavuz, Ahmet. No especifíca;Fil: Bıyık, Murat. Necmettin Erbakan University; TurquíaFil: Narro, Graciela C.. Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubiran; MéxicoFil: Bıyık, Murat. Uludag University; TurquíaFil: Kıyıcı, Murat. No especifíca;Fil: Kahramanoğlu Aksoy, Evrim. No especifíca;Fil: Vincent, Maria. No especifíca;Fil: Carr, Rotonya M.. University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Günşar, Fulya. No especifíca;Fil: Reyes, Eira C.. Hepatology Unit. Hospital Militar Central de México; MéxicoFil: Harputluoğlu, Murat. Inönü University School of Medicine; TurquíaFil: Aloman, Costica. Rush University Medical Center; Estados UnidosFil: Gatselis, Nikolaos K.. University Hospital Of Larissa; GreciaFil: Üstündağ, Yücel. No especifíca;Fil: Brahm, Javier. Clinica Las Condes; ChileFil: Vargas, Nataly C. E.. Hospital Nacional Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo; PerúFil: Güzelbulut, Fatih. No especifíca;Fil: Garcia, Sandro R.. Hospital Iv Víctor Lazarte Echegaray; PerúFil: Aguirre, Jonathan. Hospital Angeles del Pedregal; MéxicoFil: Anders, Margarita. Hospital Alemán; ArgentinaFil: Ratusnu, Natalia. Hospital Regional de Ushuaia; ArgentinaFil: Hatemi, Ibrahim. No especifíca;Fil: Mendizabal, Manuel. Universidad Austral; ArgentinaFil: Floreani, Annarosa. Università di Padova; ItaliaFil: Fagiuoli, Stefano. No especifíca;Fil: Silva, Marcelo. Universidad Austral; ArgentinaFil: Idilman, Ramazan. No especifíca;Fil: Satapathy, Sanjaya K.. No especifíca;Fil: Silveira, Marina. University of Yale. School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Drenth, Joost P. H.. No especifíca;Fil: Dalekos, George N.. No especifíca;Fil: N.Assis, David. University of Yale. School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Björnsson, Einar. No especifíca;Fil: Boyer, James L.. University of Yale. School of Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Yoshida, Eric M.. University of British Columbia; CanadáFil: Invernizzi, Pietro. Università degli Studi di Milano; ItaliaFil: Levy, Cynthia. University of Miami; Estados UnidosFil: Montano Loza, Aldo J.. University of Alberta; CanadáFil: Schiano, Thomas D.. No especifíca;Fil: Ridruejo, Ezequiel. Universidad Austral; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. CEMIC-CONICET. Centro de Educaciones Médicas e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno". CEMIC-CONICET; ArgentinaFil: Wahlin, Staffan. No especifíca

The examination of the effect of virtual patient visits on stress response in post-coronary artery bypass graft surgery

Sanal hasta ziyaretinin stres yanıta etkisi bilinmemektedir. Bu çalışma ile sanal ziyaretin koroner arter baypas greft cerrahisi sonrası serum kortizol seviyesi ve durumluk kaygı puanına etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Araştırma 1 Aralık 2022-1 Mart 2023 tarihleri arasında bir Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi'nin Kalp Damar Cerrahisi YBÜ'de yapılan önce-sonra kontrollü klinik bir çalışmadır. Araştırmaya başlamadan önce etik onay alındı (Onay no: 2022/221). Koroner arter baypas greft cerrahisi sonrasında en az 12 saatini doldurmuş hastalar, 20-30 dakika aile üyeleri ile görüntülü görüşme programı (zoom) ile görüştürüldüler. Hastalar sanal ziyaretten bir saat önce (T0) ve sanal ziyaretten bir saat sonra (T1) değerlendirildiler. Serum kortizol; Enzim Linked İmminosolbent Assay (ELISA) yöntemi ile kaygı ve ağrı seviyesinin belirlenmesinde görsel kıyaslama ölçeği kullanıldı. İstatistiksel anlamlılık için p0.05). T0 ölçümünde durumluk kaygı seviyesi puan ortalaması 3.75±3.31 T1 ölçümünde durumluk kaygı puan ortalaması 2.30±2.66 olarak ölçüldü. Karşılaştırıldığında ise aradaki farkın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu belirlendi (p=0.002) (p0.05). However, the state anxiety level scores were significantly different between T0 (3.75±3.31) and T1 (2.30±2.66) measurements (p=0.002) (p<0.05). There was a moderate positive correlation between serum cortisol levels and state anxiety scores at both T0 (p=0.001) and T1 (p=0.005) measurements. Comparing T0 and T1 measurements, it was found that 72% of the patients had a decrease in serum cortisol levels, while 23% experienced an increase. Additionally, 62% of the patients showed a decrease in anxiety levels, whereas 28% had an increase. In conclusion, virtual patient visits have a positive effect on stress levels in a significant portion of patients. Further large-scale studies should be conducted in different patient groups, and qualitative research should be carried out to explore the effects of virtual visits on patients

Bir tasarım stratejisi olarak yapı dokusu oluşturma yaklaşımının evrensel olarak tasarlanmış çevrelerin yaratılmasındaki potansiyelinin araştırılması

The goal of this study is to reread the strategies of formal organization in architecture, which are called أmat-buildingؤ and أmat-urbanismؤ, exploring their potential to contribute to the creation of universally designed built environments in the 21st century. The idea of mat-building was first delineated by Alison Smithson in 1974, in her article أHow to Recognize and Read Mat-Building,ؤ by means of its traditional and modern examples. The concept of universal design was first used in 1970̕s and reinterpreted by the American architect Ronald Mace in 1985. Since then, it has become a widely accepted design approach that is also known as ءinclusive design̕ and ءdesign for all̕. Mat-building can be considered as a viable design approach that can respond to the crucial need for equally accessible, adjustable and adaptable built environments for all people all over the world. The study aims not only to evaluate the exemplary mat like configurations in light of the universal design principles. It also tries to point to the new ways for developing creative ideas and design theories, and emphasizes the significance of implementing the universal design approach in contemporary architecture and urbanism.M.Arch. - Master of Architectur

A study on watermelon molasses which was produced at different seasons and by different methods

Bu araştırmada Tekirdağ’da yetiştirilen karpuzlardan klasik ve modern yöntem uygulanarak haziran, temmuz ve ağustos aylarında sıvı pekmez üretimi yapılmıştır. İki farklı üretim yöntemiyle üç farklı zamanda üretilen karpuz pekmezlerinde yapılan fiziksel, kimyasal, mikrobiyolojik ve duyusal analizlerin sonuçları belirlenmiştir. İki yöntemle üç farklı zamanda üretilen karpuz pekmezlerinde yapılan fiziksel, kimyasal ve mikrobiyolojik analizlerin sonuçları istatistik analiz metotları ile değerlendirilmiştir. Karpuz pekmezlerinin analiz sonuçlarında pH 5,19-5,89, suda çözünür kuru madde (SÇKM) % 68-74, toplam şeker % 70,54- 74,68, hidroksimetilfurfural (HMF) 1,63-6,99 mg/kg, renk (L,a,b) 8,92-20,18,(+) 0,98-3,98, 1,20-4,12, viskozite 8450-9550, aerobik koloni sayısı 3,2x10 3 -9,5x103 kob/g, bakır (Cu) 0,154-3,214 mg/kg, demir (Fe) 2,154- 3,562 mg/kg arasında değişmektedir. Okratoksin A, toplam aflatoksin, arsenik (As), kurşun (Pb), kalay (Sn) tespit edilebilir düzeyde bulunamamış, maya-küf ve osmofilik maya analizlerinde üreme tespit edilememiştir. Duyusal analiz sonuçlarına göre renk bakımından temmuz ayında geleneksel yöntemle üretilen karpuz pekmezi en yüksek puanı alırken, tat ve koku bakımından en yüksek puanı ise temmuz ayında modern yöntemle üretilen karpuz pekmezi almıştır. Sonuç olarak, karpuz pekmezlerinden modern yöntemle üretilen karpuz pekmezlerinin özellikleri klasik yöntemle üretilenlere göre daha iyi olduğu belirlenmiştir.In this research molasses were produced by using watermelons which are grown in Tekirdağ in June, July and August seasons, by applying classical and modern production methods. Physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory analysis were done for two different production methods and three different season’s watermelons. Physical, chemical and microbiological analysis results of molasses produced by two different methods and three different season were evaluated with statistical analysis methods. Watermelon molasses analysis results, were determined as follow. pH is changed 5,19 to 5,89, water soluble solids (WSS) 68-74%, total sugar(%) from 70.54 to 74.68, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) 1.63 to 6.99, the color (L, a, b) 8.92 to 20.18, (+) 0.98 to 3.98, 1.20 to 4.12, viscosity 8450 to 9550, aerobic colony count 3200 to 9500 cfu/g, copper (Cu) 0.154 to 3.214 mg/kg, iron (Fe) 2.154 to 3.562 mg/kg. Ochratoxin A, total aflatoxin, arsenic (As), lead (Pb), tin (Sn), osmophilic yeast, mold and yeast could not found at detectable levels. According to the results of sensory analysis; in terms of color, traditional way produced watermelon molasses in July take the highest score, in terms of taste and smell of watermelon molasses produced by modern method and in July take the highest score. As a result, it was determined that the watermelon molasses which produced by modern methods was much better than classical methods