Diffuse hemangiomatosis of the spleen associated with pregnancy: A case report

We report a 21-year-old postpartum woman presenting with a very rare tumor of the spleen, diffuse hemangiomatosis. Gross and microscopic examination revealed that the whole spleen was permeated by neoplastic blood vessels. Immunohistochemical staining suggested an origin from vascular endothelium (CD 31+, CD 34+, FVIII+ and CD 8-). Although steroid hormone receptors are discovered in other vascular proliferations, we report the first case of a diffuse hemangiomatosis of the spleen showing strong and diffuse immunopositivity for estrogen receptor (ER). Hormonal changes associated with pregnancy might have induced or promoted the development of diffuse splenic hemangiomatosis

Total patellectomy for patellar aneurysmal bone cyst

Herein we report a case of patellar aneurysmal bone cyst of a 32-year-old female patient who was admitted to our outpatient clinic due to the swelling on her left knee. She was describing no trauma history but increasing pain and that the mass was expanding gradually by the time. Although it occurs rarely in patella, evaluation by radiographic and magnetic resonance images revealed that the mass was due to the patellar aneurysmal bone cyst, which also destructed the surface of the joint. Although there was no impairment in the range of motion of the patient's left knee in the preoperative evaluation, because of the destruction, we performed total patellectomy and extensor mechanism reconstruction by Zaricznyj technique instead of curettage and grafting. The patient was satisfied with the procedure performed after the surgery and there was no complication in the follow-up

Melanoma pulmonar maligno: ¿es fácil determinar su origen?

El melanoma maligno que afecta al sistema respiratorio tiene un origen casi siempre metastásico y los tumores primarios verdaderos son muy frecuentes. En la bibliografía se han publicado aproximadamente 28 casos. Son necesarios estudios clínicos y anatomopatológicos detallados para considerar que el pulmón es la localización primaria del tumor. En este artículo se presenta el caso de un varón de 67 años de edad con un melanoma pulmonar maligno primario en el lóbulo inferior derecho. También se realiza una revisión de la bibliografía

Apoptosis-related proteins and steroid hormone receptors in normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic endometrium

Symposium of the International-Society-of-Gynecological-Pathologists -- FEB 04, 2002 -- CHICAGO, ILWOS: 000178179500007PubMed: 12352186The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution and frequency of apoptosis-related proteins and their correlation with estrogen, progesterone, and androgen receptors in endometrial tissues. Immunohistochemical analyses of bcl-2, bax, bcl-x, and steroid receptors were performed in 22 endometrial carcinomas, 26 endometrial hyperplasias, and 19 cases of normal cyclical endometrium. Bcl-2 was expressed in 45.4% of carcinomas and 92.3% of hyperplasias. Bax immunostaining was found in 90.9% of carcinomas and 76.9% of hyperplasias. Bcl-x positivity was similar in carcinomas (68.1%) and endometrial hyperplasias (76.9%). In nor-Mal cyclical endometria, bcl-2 staining was intense and diffuse in the proliferative phase, but decreased dramatically in the early and mid-secretory phase to reappear in the late secretory phase. Bax was expressed throughout the menstrual cycle but more strongly in the secretory phase. Bcl-x displayed a similar degree of expression in proliferative and secretory endometria. Nineteen carcinomas (86.3%), 25 hyperplasias (96.1%), and 18 normal cyclical endometria (94.7%) were positive for estrogen receptor (ER). Progesterone receptor (PR) was observed in 20 carcinomas (90.9%), all hyperplasias (100%), and 18 normal cyclical endometria (94.7%). Androgen receptor (AR) positivity was seen in 7 carcinomas (31.8%), 6 hyperplasias (23.0%), and 3 normal cyclical endometria (15.7%). There was a statistically positive correlation between bcl-x and ER and a tendency toward significant correlation between bcl-x and PR and between ER and PR in carcinomas. In hyperplasias, there was a significant positive correlation between bcl-2 and PR and between bcl-2 and bax and a negative correlation between ER and bax. There was a statistically significant difference for bcl-2 (p = 0.001) and bax (p = 0.001) between the hyperplasia and carcinoma groups. There was increased expression of bax. decreased expression of bcl-2, and persistence of bcl-x protein in advanced endometrial carcinomas. Our findings show that ovarian hormones have a regulatory role on bcl-2 protein and that there is a correlation between other members of the bcl-2 family (bcl-x and bax) and steroid hormone receptors. Bax/bcl-x may be the major control mechanisms of apoptosis in advanced carcinomas; other members of the bcl-2 family may also be under hormonal control.Int Soc Gynecol Pathologist

Fas-mediated pathway and apoptosis in normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic endometrium

WOS: 000186619800006PubMed: 14599860Introduction. Abnormalities in the control of cell proliferation and apoptosis have been suggested to contribute to the development and progression of neoplasia. There are at least two pathways that activate apoptosis. The first is a mitochondria-dependent route governed by bcl-2 family proteins. The second is a parallel mechanism which involves the activation of a group of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptors, such as Fas. Aims. The aim of this study was to examine the distribution and interrelation between the expression patterns of apoptosis-related proteins such as Fas, caspase-3 (CPP32), and M30, and to investigate the role of Fas-mediated apoptosis in the pathogenesis and progression of endometrial neoplasms. Materials and methods. Using specific antibodies for Fas, caspase-3, and M30, we examined protein expressions in 29 endometrial carcinomas, 30 endometrial hyperplasias, and 21 normal cyclic endometria. The results of immunostaining for Fas and caspase-3 were analyzed semiquantitatively by using an immunohistochemical scoring system (HSCORE) that incorporated both the intensity and the distribution of specific staining. For M30, positive staining cells and extracellular particles were analyzed semiquantitatively per 10 high-power fields. Results. HSCOREs of Fas and caspase-3 were slightly higher in the secretory endometria than in the proliferative endometria. Similarly, M30 reactivity seemed to increase in the late secretory phase of the cycle. HSCOREs of Fas and caspase-3 and the reactivity of M30 were significantly higher in the carcinoma group than in the simple hyperplasia group (P < 0.05). Complex hyperplasias, however, expressed quite similar HSCOREs of Fas and caspase-3 as carcinomas. M30 reactivity was also significantly higher in complex hyperplasias than in simple hyperplasias, and in carcinomas positivity increased significantly (P < 0.05) as the grade progressed. Conclusions. The significant increase observed in Fas, caspase-3, and M30 expression in carcinomas as compared with simple hyperplasias may suggest that the Fas-related apoptotic pathway is also involved in the regulation of apoptosis in the endometrial tissue and promotes the development and progression of endometrial neoplasia. (C) 2003 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Significance of ligature technique on the formation of pulmonary artery stump thrombosis in a canine model

PubMed: 15906916Background : Thrombo-embolism following pulmonary resection is a serious complication with a fatal outcome. We have tried to clarify the role of ligature techniques used in pulmonary resection on the formation of pulmonary artery stump thrombosis, which may lead to a subsequent pulmonary thrombo-embolism. Material and methods : Two groups of 10 mongrel dogs underwent a standard left pneumonectomy under anesthesia. The transfixation, or the continuous ligature technique, was applied to close the pulmonary artery stump in each group. Morphological evaluation of the ligated pulmonary artery was carried out, including the macroscopic thrombus formation and microscopic findings. Results : The transfixation ligature technique showed a significantly greater incidence of macroscopic thrombosis in the pulmonary artery stump when compared with the continuous ligature technique (p = 0.033). This was confirmed by microscopic changes (p = 0.020). Conclusion : Thrombus formation in the pulmonary artery stump is more likely to occur following the closure of the stump with the transfixation ligature technique compared with the continuous ligature technique