Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Hepatic Hydatid Disease

In this report two hundred and twenty six patients with hydatid disease were admitted to the Surgical Department of Erciyes University (Kayseri) and Şişli Etfal Hospital (Istanbul) between 1978 and 1990 and reviewed retrospectively. One hundred and two patients (45.1%) were male and 124 (54.9%) female. In the patients with hydatid cysts the most frequent symptom was right upper abdominal pain (66%). The most frequent signs were hepatomegaly (43.8%) and palpable mass (39%). One hundred and sixty seven patients (73.9%) were examined with ultrasonography which has a diagnostic value of 94%. Preoperative complications were infection of cyst (7%), intrabiliary rupture (3.5%) and anaphylactic shock (0.4%). All patients were operated on by using various surgical techniques; omentoplasty (101), external drainage of residual cavity (64), marsupialization (25), capitonnage (15), introflexion (10), pericystectomy (6), and hepatic resection (5)

Image of the high school students towards mathematicians

Aim of this study is identify how high school students see mathematicians by the pictures they visualized. In accordance with this purpose phenomenology pattern which is one of the qualitative patterns was used as a research pattern. The study was carried out with 150 volunteered high school students. The data collection tool to be used in this study consists of four parts. The first part includes questions to determine demographic characteristics of students, second part include drawing box prepared to define images of students towards mathematicians and open ended questions towards describing drawing, third part includes the presented options to define the image sources towards mathematicians and the fourth part includes open-ended questions to determine famous mathematicians and reasons. The images that students draw about mathematicians were analyzed by the content analyses method. It is believed that the results from at the end of the study will be helpful to training of mathematics teacher

Student views with regard to probsol learning environment

The aim of this study is to assess learner views with regard to ProbSol learning environment prepared according to problem solving steps for the teaching of “applications related to equations and inequalities”. In line with this aim, the study was carried out with 15 volunteered 9th graders who are taught with ProbSol. The study is a case study, which is one of the qualitative research paradigms, and a semi-structured interview form with 8 open-ended questions developed by the researchers was used. Data obtained from semi-structured interview form were analyzed with content analysis method. In general, the views of the participants with regard to ProbSol environment were mostly positive

Assessment of the Speech Intelligibility Performance of Post Lingual Cochlear Implant Users at Different Signal-to-Noise Ratios Using the Turkish Matrix Test

Background: Spoken word recognition and speech perception tests in quiet are being used as a routine in assessment of the benefit which children and adult cochlear implant users receive from their devices. Cochlear implant users generally demonstrate high level performances in these test materials as they are able to achieve high level speech perception ability in quiet situations. Although these test materials provide valuable information regarding Cochlear Implant (CI) users' performances in optimal listening conditions, they do not give realistic information regarding per-formances in adverse listening conditions, which is the case in the everyday environment.Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the speech intelligibility performance of post lingual CI users in the presence of noise at different signal-to-noise ratio with the Matrix Test developed for Turkish language.Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Methods: The thirty post lingual implant user adult subjects, who had been using implants for a minimum of one year, were evaluated with Turkish Matrix test. Subjects' speech intelligibility was measured using the adaptive and non-adaptive Matrix Test in quiet and noisy environments.Results: The results of the study show a correlation between Pure Tone Average (PTA) values of the subjects and Matrix test Speech Reception Thresh-old (SRT) values in the quiet. Hence, it is possible to asses PTA values of CI users using the Matrix Test also. However, no correlations were found be-tween Matrix SRT values in the quiet and Matrix SRT values in noise. Similarly, the correlation be-tween PTA values and intelligibility scores in noise was also not significant. Therefore, it may not be possible to assess the intelligibility performance of CI users using test batteries performed in quiet conditions.Conclusion: The Matrix Test can be used to assess the benefit of CI users from their systems in every-day life, since it is possible to perform intelligibility test with the Matrix test using a material that CI us-ers experience in their everyday life and it is possible to assess their difficulty in speech discrimination in noisy conditions they have to cope with

Comparison of the SCS-CN and Hydrograph Separation Method for Runoff Estimation in an Ungauged Basin: The Izmit Basin, Turke

The separation of surface runoff and base flow is a very specific problem in water balance calculations,particularly if there is not enough measured flow data. In this study, the SCS-CN method is used to estimate the surfacerunoff in the ungauged Izmit Basin. The CNs are estimated using the Hydrologic Soil Groups map, based on soil data ofthe General Directorate of Rural Services of Turkey and land use obtained from the CORINE-2006 database for differentAMCs. The surface runoff was computed using the SCS-CN method for the ungauged Izmit Basin that corresponds to17% and 21% of the rainfall, i.e. 134 mm (for Kocaeli Meteorological Station; rainfall=804 mm) and 171 mm (forSakarya Meteorological Station; rainfall=820 mm). According to SCS-CN method estimates, approximately 41-42% ofthe annual rainfall in the Izmit Basin directly contributes to the total streamflow, and 21-25% of it contributes to baseflow and unmeasured infiltration. To compare the results of the SCS-CN method along with hydrograph separationmethod, the gauged Yuvacık Dam Sub-Basin, which is hydro-meteorologically similar to the Izmit Basin, was selected.The results showed that 16% of the rainfall in the Yuvacık Dam Sub-Basin became surface runoff. Also, it was foundthat about 42% of the annual rainfall in the Yuvacık Dam Sub-Basin directly contributes to the total streamflow and 23%of it contributes to the base flow and unmeasured infiltration. These results confirm that the ratio of surface runoffobtained by the hydrograph separation method in the Yuvacık Dam Sub-Basin matches with the ratio of surface runoffcalculated using the SCS-CN method for the entire Izmit Basin

Çiğ süt ve dondurmadan izole edilen Staphylococcus aureus Suşlarının metisilin direnci ve Panton Valentine toksini üzerine araştırma: Multiplex PCR ile moleküler çalışma

Staphylococcus aureus is a very important pathogenic bacterium that causes nosocomial and community-acquired infections in humans, and is also one of the leading pathogens that causes food-borne poisoning. The presence of S. aureus in raw milk and dairy products, and especially the presence of MRSA (Methicillin Resistance S. aureus) strains, poses a potential risk to public health. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of methicillin resistance and Panton-Valentine Leucocidin (PVL) toxin in Staphylococcus aureus isolated and identified from raw milk and ice cream in Konya (Turkey) by multiplex PCR method. A total of 55 S. aureus were isolated 49 (18%) from 260 raw milk samples collected from various farms and 6 (4%) from 150 ice cream samples sold in patisseries. The obtained isolates were identified as S. aureus with conventional and genotypic methods. Multiplex PCR was performed to detect the 16S rRNA, mecA, femA and lukS genes. While no mecA gene was detected in any of the 49 S. aureus isolates obtained from raw milk samples, the presence of mecA gene was observed in one of the 6 S. aureus isolates isolated from ice cream samples. The PVL gene was not detected in any of the S. aureus isolates studied. S. aureus contamination is common in raw milk samples and ice cream samples. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to comply with the hygiene conditions and increase the precautions even more.Staphylococcus aureus insanlarda hastane ve toplum kökenli enfeksiyonlara neden olan çok önemli bir patojen bakteridir ve aynı zamanda gıda kaynaklı zehirlenmelere neden olan patojenlerin başında gelmektedir. Çiğ süt ve süt ürünlerinde S. aureus ve özellikle MRSA (Metisilin Direnli S. aureus) suşlarının varlığı halk sağlığı için potansiyel bir risk oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Multiplex PCR yöntemiyle, Konya'da (Türkiye) çiğ süt ve dondurmadan izole ve identifiye edilen Staphylococcus aureus'larda metisilin direnci ve Panton-Valentine Lökosidin (PVL) toksini varlığının araştırılmasıdır. Çeşitli çiftliklerden toplanan 260 çiğ süt örneğinden 49 (%18) ve pastanelerden toplanan 150 dondurma örneğinden 6 (%4) adet olmak üzere toplam 55 S. aureus izole edildi. Elde edilen izolatlar, konvansiyonel ve genotipik yöntemlerle S. aureus olarak tanımlandı. 16S rRNA, mecA, femA ve lukS genlerini saptamak için multipleks PCR yapıldı. Çiğ süt örneklerinden elde edilen 49 S. aureus izolatının hiçbirinde mecA geni saptanmazken, dondurma örneklerinden izole edilen 6 S. aureus izolatından birinde mecA geni varlığı belirlendi. PVL geni, çalışılan S. aureus izolatlarının hiçbirinde saptanmadı. S. aureus kontaminasyonu çiğ süt numunelerinde ve dondurma numunelerinde oldukça yaygındır. Bu kontaminasyonun önüne geçebilmek için hijyen koşullarına uyulması ve önlemlerin daha da artırılması gerekmektedir

Fabrication of ni metal matrix composites reinforced with sio2 by microwave sintering

Nickel matrix reinforced with SiO2 has been manufactured by microwave sintering at various temperatures. A uniform nickel layer on SiO2 powders was deposited prior to sintering using electroless plating technique, allowing close surface contact than can be achieved using conventional methods such as mechanical alloying. The reactivity between SiO2 powders to form compounds is controlled through Ni layer existing on the starting powders. A composite consisting of ternary additions, a ceramic phase, SiO2, and a metal, Ni has been prepared at the temperature range 700°C-1100°C under Ar shroud. XRD, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), compressive testing and hardness measurements were employed to characterize the properties of the specimens. Experimental results carried out for 1100°C shows the best properties as max and hardness (HB) were obtained at 1100°C. XRD studies revealed that NiO, SiO2 and phases were formed between SiO2 and Ni layers, suggesting that microwave sintering of electroless Ni plated SiO2 powders can be used to produce ceramic reinforced Nickel composites

Assessment of instructional materials developed with flash software for the teaching of area applications in integral

Bu çalışmanın amacı, öğretim üyeleri, matematik öğretmenleri ve öğrencilerin “ İntegralde alan uygulamaları” konusunda Flash Animasyon Programı ile geliştirilen öğretim materyali hakkındaki görüşlerini değerlendirmektir. Bu araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması yapılmıştır. Araştırma 4 öğretim üyesi, 5 matematik öğretmeni ve 4 öğrenci ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın verileri 6 açık uçlu sorudan oluşan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile toplanmıştır. Yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formundan elde edilen veriler ise betimsel analiz yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda katılımcılar, hazırlanan materyalin içeriğinin “İntegralde alan uygulamaları” konusunun kazanımlarına uygun ve doğru olduğunu belirtmiştir. Materyalin teknik kalitesinin iyi olduğu ancak ses kapat ve durdur butonlarının da bulunması gerektiğini vurgulamıştır. Katılımcıların çoğu materyalin renk seçimi ve yazı büyüklüğünün ideal olduğu yani görsel tasarımının iyi olduğu görüşündedirler. Katılımcıların görüşleri incelendiğinde, geliştirilen öğretim materyalinin öğrenme-öğretme sürecinde kullanılabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.The aim of this study is to assess the opinions of faculty members, mathematic teachers and students with regard to instructional materials developed a case study, which is one of the qualitative research methods. The study group included 4 lecturers, 5 math teachers and 4 students. Data for the study was collected via a semi-structured interview composed of 6 open-ended questions. Data obtained via semi-structured interview form were analyzed with descriptive analysis method. As a result of the study, it was found that participants stated that the content of the al quality of the material was good but there of the opinion that color choice and font size were ideal and thus its visual design was good. When the views of participants were examined, it was concluded that the material can be used in the teaching-learning process

Assessment of ındıvıdualızed web based learnıng envıronment based on problem solvıng steps

Bu çalışmada, 9. sınıf matematik dersi müfredatında yer alan “Denklem ve Eşitsizlikler ile İlgili Uygulamalar” konusunun öğretimi için geliştirilen problem çözme basamaklarına dayalı bireyselleştirilmiş web tabanlı öğrenme ortamının öğrenmeye etkisi, öğretim programına uygunluğu ve tasarım açısından değerlendirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Tasarlanan ortamın değerlendirilmesi için veri toplama aracı olarak beşli likert tipi 20 maddeden oluşan “ProbSol Öğrenme Ortamı Değerlendirme Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Bu ölçek yardımıyla, 121 Matematik öğretmeni tarafından ProbSol öğrenme ortamının öğrenmeye etkisi, öğretim programına uygunluğu ve tasarım açısından değerlendirilmesi sağlanmıştır. Değerlendirme ölçeğinden elde edilen veriler ışığında; geliştirilen ProbSol öğrenme ortamının öğrencilerin öğrenmeleri üzerinde olumlu yönde katkı sağlayacağı, ProbSol öğrenme ortamının içeriğinin Ortaöğretim Matematik Dersi Öğretim Programına uygun olduğu, bu öğrenme ortamının genel olarak tasarım ilkelerine uygun olarak tasarlandığı ve sistemin kullanımın kolay olduğu sonuçlarına ulaşılabilir. Bu değerlendirmeler ışığında gerekli düzenlemeler yapılarak ProbSol öğrenme ortamının gerçek sınıf ortamında kullanılabilir ve geçerli bir öğrenme ortamı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.The aim of this study is to assess the individualized web based learning environment based on problem solving steps developed to teach the topic of “Applications with regard to equations and inequalities” in terms of impact on learning, appropriateness of the curriculum and design. “ProbSol learning environment assessment” scale, which included 20 likert type items, was used to collect data for the assessment of the medium designed. With the help of the scale, 121 Mathematics teachers assessed ProbSol learning environment. According to the data obtained from the scale, it was concluded that the ProbSol would have positive contribution to students’ learning, the content of ProbSol is suitable for secondary education Mathematics program, the design of this learning environment is compatible with overall design principles and the use of system is easy. Based on the results, it was concluded that with necessary amendments ProbSol can be used in real classroom environments

Geriatrik popülasyonda omurga cerrahisinin en yaygın nedeni olan lomber stenozda ağrı ve nörojenik kladikasyo kontrolü

OBJECTIVES: The authors aim to present when to do physical therapy or surgery in geriatric patients with degenerative lumbar stenosis. METHODS: The authors retrospectively analyzed 250 patients who underwent physical therapy due to lumbar degenerative stenosis between December 2014 and April 2017. The patients were divided into two groups: Central canal stenosis and lateral recess/foraminal stenosis groups. Visual analogue scale and neurological claudication values of both patient groups were evaluated before and after physical therapy. The association between comorbid diseases and the frequency of surgery was also evaluated. RESULTS: 142 of the patients were female and 108 were male, and the mean age of these patients was 69 years. The mean onset of symptoms was 55 months. In the visual analog scale value of patients after physical therapy, the authors observed decreases of 4-6° in patients with central canal stenosis and 2-3° in patients with lateral recess/foraminal stenosis. In addition, the authors observed that patients with lateral recess/foraminal stenosis together with diabetes mellitus benefit less from physical therapy. CONCLUSION: Physical therapy and rehabilitation play an important role in the treatment of lumbar stenosis. Physical therapy is the primary treatment option for patients who do not have motor muscle strength losses and incontinence and who have pain control through medications. The authors can consider surgical interventions in patients with lateral recess/foraminal stenosis who do not benefit from physical therapy at a satisfactory level.Amaç: Çalışmada, dejeneratif lomber stenozu olan geriatrik hastalarda ne zaman fizik tedavi veya cerrahi yapılacağının araş-tırılması amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Aralık 2014 ile Nisan 2017 tarihleri arasında lomber dejeneratif stenoz nedeniyle fizik tedavi gören 250 hasta retrospektif olarak analiz edildi. Hastalar santral kanal darlığı ve lateral reses/foraminal darlık olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Her iki hasta grubunun vizüel analog skala ve nörolojik kladikasyo değerleri fizik tedavi öncesi ve sonrası değerlendirildi. Komorbid hastalıklar ile ameliyat sıklığı arasındaki ilişki de değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Hastaların 142’si kadın 108’i erkek olup, yaş ortalaması 69’du. Semptomların ortalama başlangıcı 55 aydı. Fizik tedavi sonrası hastaların vizüel analog skala değerlerinde santral kanal darlığı olan hastalarda 4–6°, lateral reses/foraminal stenozu olan hastalarda 2–3° düşüşler gözlemlendi. Ayrıca, diabetes mellitus ile birlikte lateral reses/foraminal stenozu olan hastaların fizik tedaviden daha az fayda sağladığı tespit edildi. Sonuç: Fizik tedavi ve rehabilitasyon lomber darlığın tedavisinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Motor kas gücü kayıpları ve inkontinansı olmayan ve ilaçlarla ağrı kontrolü olan hastalar için fizik tedavi birincil tedavi seçeneğidir. Fizik tedaviden tatmin edici düzeyde fayda görmeyen lateral reses/foraminal stenozlu hastalarda cerrahi girişim düşünebilir