Detection of reactive oxygen metabolites in malignant and adjacent normal tissues of patients with lung cancer

BACKGROUND: Different types of reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs) are known to be involved in carcinogenesis. Several studies have emphasized the formation of ROMs in ischemic tissues and in cases of inflammation. The increased amounts of ROMs in tumor tissues can either be because of their causative effects or because they are produced by the tumor itself. Our study aimed to investigate and compare the levels of ROMs in tumor tissue and adjacent lung parenchyma obtained from patients with lung cancer. METHODS: Fifteen patients (all male, mean age 63.6 ± 9 years) with non-small cell lung cancer were enrolled in the study. All patients were smokers. Of the patients with lung cancer, twelve had epidermoid carcinoma and three had adenocarcinoma. During anatomical resection of the lung, tumor tissue and macroscopically adjacent healthy lung parenchyma (control) that was 5 cm away from the tumor were obtained. The tissues were freshly frozen and stored at −20°C. The generation of ROMs was monitored using luminol- and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) techniques. RESULTS: Both luminol (specific for (.)OH, H(2)O(2), and HOCl(-)) and lucigenin (selective for O(2)(.-)) CL measurements were significantly higher in tumor tissues than in control tissues (P <0.001). Luminol and lucigenin CL measurements were 1.93 ± 0.71 and 2.5 ± 0.84 times brighter, respectively, in tumor tissues than in the adjacent parenchyma (P = 0.07). CONCLUSION: In patients with lung cancer, all ROM levels were increased in tumor tissues when compared with the adjacent lung tissue. Because the increase in lucigenin concentration, which is due to tissue ischemia, is higher than the increase in luminol, which is directly related to the presence and severity of inflammation, ischemia may be more important than inflammation for tumor development in patients with lung cancer

Maternal serum interlukin-6 level in preterm labor

Objective: The aim of this study was to measure interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in maternal serum of women undergoing preterm labor without a clear infection. Materials and Methods: Twenty two pregnant women with diagnosis of preterm labor who presented to the outpatient clinic of 19 Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine from July 2011 through December 2011 were enrolled in the study group. Twenty two healthy pregnant women who were at the same gestational age as the study group were selected as the control group. Results: Gestational age in the study and control groups varied from 24 weeks and 4 days to 34 weeks and 6 days. In the study group, 11 patients (50%) underwent preterm birth. Pregnant women in preterm labor were compared to healthy pregnant women with regards to serum IL-6 levels. No significant difference was found in the IL-6 levels of maternal serum between the 2 groups. Conclusion: In this study, we have shown that there is no increase in IL-6 levels in patients undergoing preterm labor without clinical or biochemical infection signs

Volume CXIV, Number 4, November 7, 1996

Objective: Turner syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal disorder caused by complete or partial X chromosome monosomy that manifests various clinical features depending on the karyotype and on the genetic background of affected girls. This study aimed to systematically investigate the key clinical features of TS in relationship to karyotype in a large pediatric Turkish patient population.Methods: Our retrospective study included 842 karyotype-proven TS patients aged 0-18 years who were evaluated in 35 different centers in Turkey in the years 2013-2014.Results: The most common karyotype was 45,X (50.7%), followed by 45,X/46,XX (10.8%), 46,X,i(Xq) (10.1%) and 45,X/46,X,i(Xq) (9.5%). Mean age at diagnosis was 10.2±4.4 years. The most common presenting complaints were short stature and delayed puberty. Among patients diagnosed before age one year, the ratio of karyotype 45,X was significantly higher than that of other karyotype groups. Cardiac defects (bicuspid aortic valve, coarctation of the aorta and aortic stenosis) were the most common congenital anomalies, occurring in 25% of the TS cases. This was followed by urinary system anomalies (horseshoe kidney, double collector duct system and renal rotation) detected in 16.3%. Hashimoto's thyroiditis was found in 11.1% of patients, gastrointestinal abnormalities in 8.9%, ear nose and throat problems in 22.6%, dermatologic problems in 21.8% and osteoporosis in 15.3%. Learning difficulties and/or psychosocial problems were encountered in 39.1%. Insulin resistance and impaired fasting glucose were detected in 3.4% and 2.2%, respectively. Dyslipidemia prevalence was 11.4%.Conclusion: This comprehensive study systematically evaluated the largest group of karyotype-proven TS girls to date. The karyotype distribution, congenital anomaly and comorbidity profile closely parallel that from other countries and support the need for close medical surveillance of these complex patients throughout their lifespa

Zygomatic miniplates for skeletal anchorage in orthopedic correction of Class 111 malocclusion: A controlled clinical trial

Objective: To evaluate the effects of facemask therapy, which was anchored from the zygomatic buttresses of the maxilla by using two miniplates, in skeletal Class 111 patients with maxillary deficiency. Methods: Eighteen skeletal Class 111 patients (10 girls and 8 boys; mean age, 11.4 +/- 1.28 years) with maxillary deficiency were treated using miniplate-anchored facemasks, and their outcomes were compared with those of a Class 111 control group (9 girls and 9 boys; mean age, 10.6 +/- 1.12 years). Two 1-shaped miniplates were placed on the right and left zygomatic buttresses of the maxilla, and a facemask was applied with a 400 g force per side. Intragroup comparisons were made using the Wilcoxon test, and intergroup comparisons were made using the Mann-Whitney U-test (p < 0.05). Results: In the treatment group, the maxilla moved 3.3 mm forward, the mandible showed posterior rotation by 1.5 degrees, and the lower incisors were retroclined after treatment. These results were significantly different from those in the control group (p < 0.05). No significant anterior rotation of the palatal plane was observed after treatment. Moreover, changes in the sagittal positions of the maxillary incisors and molars were similar between the treatment and control groups. Conclusions: Skeletally anchored facemask therapy is an effective method for correcting Class 111 malocclusions, which also minimizes the undesired dental side effects of conventional methods in the maxilla

Autonomic dysfunction in restless legs syndrome

WOS: 000559837000024PubMed: 31520300Objective Autonomic dysfunction in patients with RLS has been described in some domains; however, detailed studies on this subject are limited and report conflicting results. in this study, we aimed to evaluate autonomic functions electrophysiologically and clinically in patients with restless legs syndrome (RLS). Methods Fifty-two adult patients with RLS and 40 healthy controls were enrolled in this prospective study. Electrophysiological tests of sympathetic skin response (SSR) and RR interval variability (RRIV) analysis were performed, and the SCOPA-AUT questionnaire was applied to evaluate autonomic functions. Results There was no significant difference in terms of SSR results between patients and controls (p > 0.05). However, there were significant differences between the patient and control groups in terms of RRIV analyses at rest, deep breathing, and valsalva, and also valsalva ratio (p = 0.037,p = 0.049,p = 0.017,p = 0.020). the mean SCOPA-AUT total score was higher in the RLS group compared with the control group (20.7 +/- 10 vs 14.2 +/- 8;p = 0.003). Significant differences were found regarding gastrointestinal, urinary, and cardiovascular domains (p = 0.01,p = 0.007,p = 0.049); on the other hand, pupillomotor, thermoregulatory, and sexual function did not significantly differ (p > 0.05). Conclusion Autonomic functions should be questioned in detail as well as motor and sensory symptoms of RLS, and care should be taken especially on cardiac dysfunction

Non-convulsive status epilepticus in two patients with tuberous sclerosis

Tuberous sclerosis (TSC) is an autosomal dominantly inherited genetic disorder that chiefly affects the central nervous system, along with the other multiple systems. While phenomenology and symptom severity may vary greatly from one individual to another, the most common neurological presentation is epilepsy, which may be refractory in a considerable number of patients. Convulsive SE is seen frequently in TSC patients due to the high ratio of refractory seizures in well-studied cohorts. Status epilepticus (SE) is a life-threating condition and requires urgent medical care. Non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is an epileptic state with no convulsive seizures but impaired consciousness and corresponding electrophysiological findings. Due to its heterogeneity of clinical features, it is generally hard to recognize, and thus difficult to treat promptly. The relationship between TSC and NCSE is a relatively less emphasized issue in the literature. Here, we present two cases of TSC with NCSE with a view to increasing clinicians' awareness of the association between refractory epilepsy and NCSE

Evaluation of the effects of the hybrid Pendulum in comparison with the conventional Pendulum appliance

Objective: To evaluate the anchorage control and distalization of maxillary molars with the hybrid Pendulum appliance and to compare the results with a conventional Pendulum appliance. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on the pre-(T0) and post-(T1) treatment lateral cephalograms and dental casts of 43 patients with Angle Class II molar relationships who were treated with conventional or hybrid Pendulum appliances. The hybrid Pendulum (HP) group consisted of 22 patients (14 females; eight males; mean age 14.3 +/- 2.43 years) and treatment results were compared with a conventional Pendulum appliance (CP) group, which consisted of 21 patients (15 females; six males; mean age 14.6 +/- 3.39 years). Intragroup comparisons were made with Wilcoxon test and intergroup comparisons were made with MannWhitney U- test (P <.05). Results: The mean distalization duration was 0.70 +/- 0.25 years in the HP group and 0.83 +/- 0.4 years in the CP group. Maxillary first molars showed significant distal movement and tipping of 4.25 mm and 9.09 degrees in the HP group, and 3.21 mm and 9.86 degrees in the CP group. Loss of anchorage at the first premolars was significantly smaller in the HP appliance group compared to CP group. The second premolars distalized spontaneously in the HP group while they mesialized significantly in the CP group. Proclination and protrusion of maxillary incisors were greater with the CP appliance compared to the HP appliance. Conclusions: Maxillary molar distalization was achieved with both appliances. Mesialization of the anchorage unit was controlled successfully with the hybrid Pendulum; however, the conventional Pendulum appliance caused anchorage loss

A new approach in biomimetic synthesis of calcium phosphate coatings using lactic acid-Na lactate buffered body fluid solution

WOS: 000278250100046PubMed ID: 20004750The main objective of this study was to investigate calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings on Ti6Al4V substrates by using the biomimetic technique. To this purpose, a new solution was developed to coat CaP on Ti6Al4V alloy substrates. The newly formulated body fluid (Lac-SBF) contained appropriate amounts of sodium lactate (NaL) and lactic acid (HL), as well as all the other ionic constituents of the human blood plasma. The inorganic ion concentrations of the Lac-SBF solutions were identical with those of human blood plasma. The new Lac-SBF solution of this study eliminated the need for using Tris/HCl or Hepes/NaOH buffers. Prior to coating, Ti6Al4V substrates were chemically treated in NaOH and/or NaOH + H(2)O(2) solutions as an alternative route and then heated at 600 degrees C for 1 h in air. In the previous applications, the Cl(-) ion concentration was found to be higher than blood plasma 103 mM, which exists in human blood plasma as a result of Tris/HCl which are used to prevent precipitation and to keep the pH level at certain values. In this study, instead of using Tris/HCl, HL/NaL which are generated by human body and do not show any toxic behavior, are used and Cl(-) concentration was kept at 103 mM value for the first time. The prepared Lac-SBF was shown to have similar concentration to human blood plasma in terms of all inorganic ions for the first time. Solution properties were evaluated by using turbidimeter, pH meter and rheometer. The coatings were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and a scratch tester. The obtained results are presented and discussed. (C) 2009 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.State and Planning Foundation in Ankara, TurkeyTurkiye Cumhuriyeti Kalkinma Bakanligi [06-DPT-002]; EBIL-TEM in Izmir, TurkeyEge UniversityThis work was funded by the State and Planning Foundation in Ankara, Turkey (Project No. 06-DPT-002). The authors thank EBIL-TEM in Izmir, Turkey, because this foundation partially supported our project