Schwannoma of the external auditory canal: a case report

BACKGROUND: Schwannomas are uncommon benign tumors of the external auditory canal. The clinical features, the differential diagnosis, and the surgical treatment of these lesions are discussed. CASE PRESENTATION: A 51-year-old patient presented with a mass obliterating the external auditory meatus. Excisional biopsy was performed. Diagnosis was reported to be schwannoma by histopathologic examination. CONCLUSION: Schwannoma, rarely seen in the external auditory canal, can be managed by a precise excision of the tumor via transmeatal approach

Retrospective evaluation of patients admitted to Karadeniz Technical University Pediatric Dentistry clinic due to trauma

Purpose Traumatic dental injuries are among the commonly observed problems in the primary and permanent teeth. The rate of prevalence of dental trauma varies globally. In this study, we investigated the type of dental trauma, related factors, and treatment procedures in children. Subjects and Methods During a 5-year period (January 2011–January 2016), 416 children aged in the range of 1–15 years were admitted to our clinic with dental trauma. The cause and type of the dental trauma in the primary and permanent teeth and their relation with gender and age were evaluated using the chi-square test, and their distribution by age was evaluated using regression analysis. Results Overall, girls and boys comprised 37% and 63% of the study population, respectively. The mean age was 8.5 years. Falls (61.1%) were the most common cause of traumatic dental injuries, and enamel–dentin fracture (26%) was the most common dental trauma type. Conclusions Traumatic dental injuries in children are common. A large proportion of patients without any clinical symptoms (15.8%) did not seek any treatment after the trauma. Teachers, parents, and children should be informed about the action to be taken when dental trauma occurs and about the importance of immediately taking the child to a dentist after the trauma to ensure an accurate diagnosis, an optimal treatment plan, and positive outcome

Does the Efferent Auditory System Have a Role in Children with Specific Learning Disabilities?

Objective: This study aimed to compare the baseline transient otoacoustic emission (t-OAE) amplitudes and medial olivo-cochlear (MOC) efferent activity in children with specific learning disability (SLD) and children with normal development.Methods: The study was conducted in two groups. The patient group included 30 children aged 6 to 10 years and diagnosed with SLD, and the control group included 30 children in the same age range without SLD. The patient group included eight males and 22 females, and the control group included 14 females and 16 males. t-OAE and contralateral suppression test were performed in both groups.Results: In the first t-OAE measurements, a statistically significant difference was observed between the patient and the control group at frequencies of 1400, 2000, 2800, and 4000 Hz, but no such difference was observed at 1000 Hz frequency. In the control group, significantly better emission amplitudes were observed. No differences were found at any frequency between the patient and the control groups after suppression. When the subjects in the two groups were compared among themselves, there was a statistically significant difference between the before and after suppression scores in the patient group except at 4000 Hz. Likewise, an important difference was also observed in all frequencies in the control group.Conclusion: This study shows that suppression effects of t-OAE on children diagnosed with SLD and children with no SDL are not significantly different

Traumatic Dental Injuries Occurred in Primary Teeth and their Sequel Effects on the Developmental Permanent Successors: A Controlled Study

Objective: To examine the types of traumatic dental injuries of the primary teeth (TDI-p) and the long-term sequelae on permanent dentition (LSP) comparing with a control group (CG). In addition, a questionnaire that measures parents' knowledge and awareness was used. Material and Methods: The trauma group (TG) consisted of permanent teeth following TDI-p exposed teeth, while the CG consisted of permanent teeth following unexposed teeth with TDI-p of the same patients. In total, 141 teeth were evaluated in 27 patients. Data concerning such as teeth, when TDI-p occurred, types of treatments and types of LSP were collected. Chi-square test was used for intergroup comparison for gender, type of trauma, LSP, age of trauma and parameters in the parental information questionnaire. Significance level was p<0.05. Results: A statistically significant difference was found in the analysis between TG and CG (p<0.001). The prevalence of LSP due to TDI-p was 29.6% and the prevalence of sequelae in CG was 7.4%. The most common LSP was enamel hypoplasia (14.8%). Parents were aware of the importance of TDI-p, and they had insufficient knowledge about its management. Conclusion: TDI-p can be considered a high-risk factor in the development of LSP. Also, the lack of knowledge in parents should be supported by software-based application systems to be developed

A rare case of sarcoidosis involving the middle turbinates: an incidental diagnosis

BACKGROUND: Sarcoidosis is a chronic, systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology that features noncaseating granulomas in many body regions. Sinonasal involvement is rare but is also suspected to be underreported. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 39-year-old woman who was incidentally diagnosed with isolated sarcoidosis involving the middle turbinates. Histopathologic examination of resected concha bullosa material and an extensive panel of diagnostic tests revealed a diagnosis of isolated sarcoidosis. Since no systemic manifestations were detected, topical corticosteroid (nasal spray) was administered in the postoperative period. Throughout the 12 months after surgery, the patient remained free of symptoms and all nasal endoscopy examinations were normal. CONCLUSION: Although isolated nasal involvement of sarcoidosis is rare, otorhinolaryngologists should consider this condition in a differential diagnosis for sinonasal complaints

The nature and origin of magnetic anomalies over the Gölcük caldera; Isparta; South-Western Turkey

For the first time; ground magnetic survey was performed which data were inverted by means of total horizontal derivative; horizontal gradient analytic signal; and hyperbolic tilt angle techniques to identify subsurface volcanic structures around Isparta city (South-Western Turkey).Впервые проведена магнитная съемка, данные которой были преобразованы методами полной горизонтальной производной (ПГП), обнаружения аналитического сигнала горизонтального градиента (АСГГ), определения угла гиперболического наклона (УГН) для идентификации погребенных вулканических структур вокруг г. Испарта (юго-западная Турция).Вперше проведена магнітна зйомка, дані якої були перетворені методами повної горизонтальної похідної (ПГП), виявлення аналітичного сигналу горизонтального градієнта (АСГГ), визначення кута гіперболічного нахилу (УГН) для ідентифікації похованих вулканічних структур навколо м Іспарта (південно-західна Туреччина)

The assessment of penetration cognitions and sexual functionality of women with sexual pain disorder in a Turkish sample: a comparative study

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı vajinismuslu, disparonili ve sağlıklı kadınlarda vajinal penetrasyon bilişlerini ve genel cinsel işlevselliği karşılaştırmaktır. Yöntem: Toplam 210 kadın (yaşam boyu vajinismuslu 70 kadın, disparonili 70 kadın ve cinsel aktivitede ağrısı olmayan 70 kadın) bir dizi ölçeği tamamladı. Bütün katılımcılara Yapılandırılmış Bilgi Formu, Golombok-Rust Cinsel Doyum Ölçeği ve Vajinal Penetrasyon Biliş Ölçeği (VPBÖ) uygulandı. Bulgular: Disparoni ve kontrol grubuyla karşılaştırıldığında vajinismuslu kadınlarda penetrasyon sırasında VPBÖ kontrolünü kaybetme biliş puanlarının anlamlı olarak yüksek ve cinsel bilgi düzeylerinin daha düşük olduğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, vajinismuslu grubun parmaklarını vajinalarına sokamadığı ve tampon kullanmadığı saptanmıştır. Cinsel yakınması olmayan gruba göre hem vajinismuslu, hem de disparonili kadınlar daha fazla olumsuz benlik bilişleri, felaketleştirme/ağrı bilişleri, cinsel (genital) uyumsuzluk bilişlerine sahiptiler. Ek olarak, vajinismuslu ve disparonili kadınlarda orgazm zorluğu, duyusal-dokunma sorunları ve cinsel işlev bozuklukları kontrol grubuna göre daha fazlaydı. Tartışma: Sonuçlarımız, Türkiye'deki cinsel ağrı bozukluğu olan kadınlarda Batılı toplumlarda yaşayan kadınlarla benzer vajinal penetrasyon bilişleri olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, bulgularımıza göre vajinismus ve disparonili kadınlar arasında kayda değer farklılıklar bulunduğundan hiç cinsel birleşmede bulunamayan kadınların 'cinsel organlarda-pelviste ağrı/penetrasyon bozukluğu' başlığı altında ayrı bir alt grup olarak tanımlanması yararlı olacaktır.Objective: The aim of this investigation is to compare vaginal penetration cognitions and general sexual functionality in women with vaginismus and dyspareunia and healthy controls. Methods: A sample of 210 women (70 women with lifelong vaginismus, 70 women with dyspareunia and 70 women without painful sexual activity) completed a series of validated questionnaires. All participant received Structured Assessment Questionnaire, Golombok-Rust Sexual Satisfaction Scale, and Vaginal Penetration Cognition Questionnaire (VPCQ). Results: It was found that when compared to dyspareunia and control group, women with vaginismus have higher cognitive scores of loss of control during penetration in VPCQ. Moreover, vaginismus group havelower level of sexual knowledge, cannot penetrate their fingers into their vaginas, and do not use tampons. Both women with vaginismus and dyspareunia were reported to have more level of negative self-cognitions, catastrophe/pain and genital incompatibilitycognitions than those women with no sexual complaints. Moreover, women with vaginismus and women with dyspareunia have more anorgasmia, non-sensuality and sexual dysfunctions than the control group. Conclusion: Our results revealed that Turkish women with sexual pain disorder have similar vaginal penetration cognitions with women living in Western societies. In addition, according to our resultsit will be beneficial to define another sub group consisting of women who have never experienced sexual intercourse under the title of genito-pelvic pain/ penetration disorder because there are noteworthy differences between vaginismus and dyspareunia

Atypical Cogan’s Syndrome: A Case Report

Cogan’s Syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease that presents with multi-system involvement including the eyes and ears. It is typically characterized by attacks of vertigo resembling Meniere, sensorineural hearing loss and interstitial keratitis. Ocular findings may vary widely, other than interstitial keratitis in the manner of atypical form which is less frequently seen and has a less favourable prognosis. Here, a 52-year-old male patient with atypical Cogan’s Syndrome is reported. In Cogan’s Syndrome, especially if diagnosis is delayed, hearing diminishes progressively and deafness usually occurs despite therapy, while ocular findings usually respond to topical therapy and persistent blindness does not occur. Persistent sensorineural hearing loss can be prevented by early diagnosis and immediate high dose systemic steroid administration with other immunosuppressive agents if required

Disease Severity in Patients Infected with Leishmania mexicana Relates to IL-1β

Leishmania mexicana can cause both localized (LCL) and diffuse (DCL) cutaneous leishmaniasis, yet little is known about factors regulating disease severity in these patients. We analyzed if the disease was associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL-1β (−511), CXCL8 (−251) and/or the inhibitor IL-1RA (+2018) in 58 Mexican mestizo patients with LCL, 6 with DCL and 123 control cases. Additionally, we analyzed the in vitro production of IL-1β by monocytes, the expression of this cytokine in sera of these patients, as well as the tissue distribution of IL-1β and the number of parasites in lesions of LCL and DCL patients. Our results show a significant difference in the distribution of IL-1β (−511 C/T) genotypes between patients and controls (heterozygous OR), with respect to the reference group CC, which was estimated with a value of 3.23, 95% CI = (1.2, 8.7) and p-value = 0.0167), indicating that IL-1β (−511 C/T) represents a variable influencing the risk to develop the disease in patients infected with Leishmania mexicana. Additionally, an increased in vitro production of IL-1β by monocytes and an increased serum expression of the cytokine correlated with the severity of the disease, since it was significantly higher in DCL patients heavily infected with Leishmania mexicana. The distribution of IL-1β in lesions also varied according to the number of parasites harbored in the tissues: in heavily infected LCL patients and in all DCL patients, the cytokine was scattered diffusely throughout the lesion. In contrast, in LCL patients with lower numbers of parasites in the lesions, IL-1β was confined to the cells. These data suggest that IL-1β possibly is a key player determining the severity of the disease in DCL patients. The analysis of polymorphisms in CXCL8 and IL-1RA showed no differences between patients with different disease severities or between patients and controls