Management of Cervical Root Fracture Injury in a Patient with Epilepsy: Case Report with 5-year Follow-up

The difficulty in providing stability to the coronal segment makes cervical root fracture one of the most challenging dental traumatic injury. This type of injury is less frequent in children. However, due to their serious consequences and poor prognosis, tooth loss may occur. This report presents the management of a case of cervical root fracture in an 11-year-old patient with epilepsy. The stabilization of the root-fractured tooth with a splint failed due to the recurrent seizures the patient had. Coronal fragment was removed and vital root submergence was performed in order to support the alveolar growth. The natural tooth crown was incorporated into a modified Nance appliance to meet the esthetic and functional requirements of the patient. After 5-year follow-up, this treatment approach has seemed to offer a long-term provisional and satisfactory solution to the consequences of a cervical root fracture injury

Protective effects of naringin on lung toxicity induced by 5-fluorouracil in rats

Mevcut çalışmanın amacı; kemoterapötik olarak kullanılan 5-FU’nun akciğerlerde oluşturduğu hasara karşı doğal flavonoidlerden olan naringinin koruyucu etkilerini araştırmaktır. Çalışmada 200-250 g ağırlığında, 30 adet Sprague Dawley cinsi erkek rat kullanıldı. Ratlar rastgele seçilerek Kontrol grubu, 5-FU grubu ve NA+5-FU grubu olarak ayrıldı. 5-Fluorouracilin akciğer dokularında interstisyel fibrozis ve konjesyona, alveoller arası septumda yangısal hücre infiltrasyonuna bağlı kalınlaşma, peribronşiyal lenfoid doku hiperplazisi ile birlikte bronşiyollerde epitelyal hücre dökülmelerine neden olduğu gözlendi. Naringin uygulamasının ise akciğerdeki histopatolojik bulguları hafiflettiği ve normal akciğer doku histolojisine yaklaştırdığı gözlendi. 5-Fluorouracil uygulamasının akciğerlerdeki Bax immünpozitifliğini artırırken, Bcl-2 immünpozitifliğini azalttığı, naringin uygulamasının ise kontrol grubuna benzer şekilde Bax immünpozitifliğini azaltıp, Bcl-2 immünpozitifliğini artırdığı belirlendi. Akciğer dokularında kontrole kıyasla TBARS ve NO düzeylerinin 5-FU uygulaması ile anlamlı şekilde arttığı, GSH düzeyinin ise anlamlı şekilde azaldığı, naringin uygulanan grupta ise bu parametrelerin kontrol grubundaki düzeylere yaklaştığı tespit edildi. Tüm bu bulgular naringin uygulamasının, 5-FU kaynaklı akciğer hasarında faydalı etkiler gösterebileceğini düşündürmektedir.The current study aims to investigate the protective effects of naringin, one of the natural flavonoids, against in the lungs damage caused by 5-FU, which is used chemotherapeutically. Thirty Sprague Dawley male rats weighing 200-250 g were used in the study. The rats were randomly selected and divided into the control group, the 5-FU group and the NA+5-FU group. It was observed that 5-FU caused interstitial fibrosis and congestion in the lung tissues, thickening due to inflammatory cell infiltration in the inter-alveolar septum, peribronchial lymphoid tissue hyperplasia and epithelial cell shedding in the bronchioles. It was observed that naringin application alleviated the histopathological findings in the lung and brought it closer to normal lung tissue histology. It was determined that 5-FU administration increased Bax immunopositivity in the lungs, decreased Bcl-2 immunopositivity, and naringin administration decreased Bax immunopositivity and increased Bcl-2 immunopositivity, similar to the control group. It was found that TBARS and NO levels increased significantly with 5-FU administration, GSH level decreased significantly in the lung tissues compared to the control group, and these parameters approached the levels in the control group in the naringin group. All these findings suggest that naringin administration may have beneficial effects on 5-FU-induced lung injury

The influence of cooking methods and some marinades on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formation in beef meat

This study aimed to determine the effect of various marinades and their concentrations, as well as various cooking procedures, on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) formation in cooked beef. The PAH levels in meat were determined, based on the saponification of lipids by methanolic/potassium hydroxide solution, followed by liquid–liquid extraction and QuEChERS method. Pan frying caused lower levels of BaP (1.39 versus 1.62 µg/kg) and PAH4 (5.58 versus 5.73 µg/kg) in beef meat than barbecuing. For sage and thyme extracts prepared at 0.5 to 2.0 °Brix, a significant decrease in the PAH levels of barbecued meat samples was achieved compared to the controls. The levels of PAHs in the samples containing the commercial marinating material were found to be higher than those in the non-marinated control. The BaP and PAH4 levels found in the meat samples marinated with sage and thyme extracts, were below the EU maximum levels. However, BaP was the highest for Control 2 (2.26 µg/kg), and exceeded the EU maximum limit of 2 mg/kg for BaP in heat-treated meat and meat products. The results show a reducing effect of sage and thyme extracts that are normally used during marinating of meat, on the formation of PAH compounds. Consequently, the extracts of sage and thyme, could be used in the commercial marinating material to reduce the level of PAH compounds formed in meat during cooking

A Quality assessment of cold dried chicken slices during storage in different packages and temperatures

In this study, dried chicken slices were packaged in MAP (modified atmosphere packaging) and AP (atmospheric packaging), and stored at 4 °C and 25 °C. The CO2 content of MAP packaged samples decreased as the storage temperature and time increased. The slices exhibited lower aw values when they were packaged in AP at 25 °C. The pH increased from 6.1 to 6.2, 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) increased from 10.6 to 37.3 µmol MDA kg-1, and non-protein nitrogen (NPN) increased from 4.9 to 5.3 g 100 g-1 in MAP for 90 days of storage. The microbiological quality of the samples was assessed by enumerating total aerobic mesophilic bacteria (TAMB), total psychrophilic bacteria (TPB), Micrococcus/ Staphylococcus, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Enterobacteriaceae and yeast-mold, and was higher in the sample stored in MAP at 4 °C. Moreover, the sensory quality was determined by sensory evaluation with a 9-point hedonic scale. When the sensory and microbiological qualities were evaluated together, the shelf lives of the samples were determined to be 90 days at 4 °C and 75 days at 25 °C for MAP and 45 days at 4 °C and 30 days at 25 °C for AP. It could be concluded that the cold dried chicken slices can be stored in MAP for 90 days without much change in physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory quality

Experimental Model of Cardiotoxicity

The occurrence of heart electrophysiology dysfunction or/and muscle damage is referred to as cardiotoxicity. The heart weakens and becomes less efficient at pumping and hence circulating blood. Cardiomyopathy can be caused by a variety of factors, including viral infections, diseases such as diabetes, ischemia, hypertension, obesity, radiation therapy, antipsychotic drugs, cytotoxic drugs, most notably chemotherapeutic agents; antitumor antibiotics, monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, platinum-based compounds, microtubule inhibitors, vinca alkaloids, antimetabolites, proteasome inhibitors, topoisomerase inhibitors, alkylating agents, corticosteroids. This chapter focuses on the mechanisms of cardiotoxicity, animal models and transgenic methods used in studies, and the effects of therapeutic agents on cardiotoxicity

Clinical course of primary empty sella in children: a single- center experience

Background. Various studies, mainly conducted in adults, have examined the hormonal axis in primary empty sella (PES), and reported various forms of pituitary deficiencies. We report our experience with PES in pediatric patients in terms of pituitary function, associated impairments, and responses to treatment. Methods. We reviewed 10,560 cranial and 325 pituitary magnetic resonance imagings (MRIs) performed at our university hospital between January 2010 and December 2020 and identified patients with PES. Patients with additional abnormal MRI findings, a history of cranial surgery or radiotherapy, autoimmunity, long-term use of chemotherapeutic or immunosuppressive agents or incomplete diagnostic evaluation were excluded. Clinical, radiological and laboratory evaluations were recorded. Results. The study included 17 patients [9 girls, 8 boys; median age 12.4 years (7.25, 4.3 -17)]. The median size of the pituitary was 2 mm (0.7, 1.2 -3). Based on age-dependent pituitary height measurements, fifteen (88%) patients had pituitary gland hypoplasia. Five patients presented with short stature, two had both pubertal delay and short stature, and one had pubertal delay. Nine patients presented with neurological symptoms such as headaches, tinnitus, tics, and dizziness. Five short patients had growth hormone deficiency. None of the patients had hyper-or hypoprolactinemia, adrenal insufficiency, hypothyroidism, or diabetes insipidus. There was statistically no significant association between the size of the pituitary gland and the severity of hypopituitarism (p = 0.42). Conclusions. The high incidence of pituitary dysfunctions ascertain that this entity should not be considered a normal variant but, should instead be carefully evaluated with appropriate basal and dynamic hormonal testing

Farklı gözlerden yaşlıya ve yaşlanmaya bakış

Amaç: Türkiye’de 65 yaş ve üzerindeki nüfusun toplam nüfusa oranı artmıştır. Nüfusun yaşlanması sürecinin çok hızlı olması beklenen bir durumdur ve halen gelişmekte olan ülkelerde önemli problemler doğurmaktadır. Araştırmamız bu problemler ve mevcut yaşam koşulları altında insanların yaşlılığa bakış açılarını tespit edilmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki bu çalışmada 19 sorudan oluşan bir anket toplam 507 kişiye uygulanmıştır. Yaş grupları 18-30 126 kişi , 31-44 126 kişi , 45-60 127 kişi , 60 yaş üzeri 128 kişi olmak üzere dörde ayrılmıştır. Anket uygulanan kişilerin %49,7’si kadın, %50,3’ü ise erkektir.Bulgular ve Sonuç: Çalışmaya göre toplumda yaşlılık bir hastalık değil bir çağ olarak algılanmaktadı