Preserving and Protecting Rural Roads: Proactive Steps Wisconsin Towns, Counties and the Ag Industry Are Taking

Building on results from a four-state Pooled Fund Study on the impacts of heavy agricultural equipment on low-volume roads, local road managers, road users, and stakeholders in Wisconsin have developed and implemented a series of simple steps designed to preserve and protect rural asphalt and concrete pavements. In this presentation we will summarize the research and introduce a variety of tools towns and counties can readily use

An SDN-based Approach For Defending Against Reflective DDoS Attacks

Distributed Reflective Denial of Service (DRDoS) attacks are an immanent threat to Internet services. The potential scale of such attacks became apparent in March 2018 when a memcached-based attack peaked at 1.7 Tbps. Novel services built upon UDP increase the need for automated mitigation mechanisms that react to attacks without prior knowledge of the actual application protocols used. With the flexibility that software-defined networks offer, we developed a new approach for defending against DRDoS attacks; it not only protects against arbitrary DRDoS attacks but is also transparent for the attack target and can be used without assistance of the target host operator. The approach provides a robust mitigation system which is protocol-agnostic and effective in the defense against DRDoS attacks

How Do Mode and Timing of Follow-Up Surveys Affect Evaluation Success?

This article presents the analysis of evaluation methods used in a well-designed and comprehensive evaluation effort of a significant Extension program. The evaluation data collection methods were analyzed by questionnaire mode and timing of follow-up surveys. Response rates from the short- and long-term follow-ups and different questionnaire modes by occupational categories also were examined. Overall, the electronic questionnaire mode and 2-month follow-ups yielded significantly higher response rates. The findings have implications for meaningfully evaluating Extension programs operating with limited resources. The recommendations are useful to Extension educators who need to decide how to capture program outcomes but have limited resources

Prospectus, September 10, 1986

https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1986/1020/thumbnail.jp

Rest-Frame Optical Spectra of Three Strongly Lensed Galaxies at z~2

We present Keck II NIRSPEC rest-frame optical spectra for three recently discovered lensed galaxies: the Cosmic Horseshoe (z = 2.38), the Clone (z = 2.00), and SDSS J090122.37+181432.3 (z = 2.26). The boost in signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) from gravitational lensing provides an unusually detailed view of the physical conditions in these objects. A full complement of high S/N rest-frame optical emission lines is measured, spanning from rest-frame 3600 to 6800AA, including robust detections of fainter lines such as H-gamma, [SII]6717,6732, and in one instance [NeII]3869. SDSS J090122.37+181432.3 shows evidence for AGN activity, and therefore we focus our analysis on star-forming regions in the Cosmic Horseshoe and the Clone. For these two objects, we estimate a wide range of physical properties, including star-formation rate (SFR), metallicity, dynamical mass, and dust extinction. In all respects, the lensed objects appear fairly typical of UV-selected star-forming galaxies at z~2. The Clone occupies a position on the emission-line diagnostic diagram of [OIII]/H-beta vs. [NII]/H-alpha that is offset from the locations of z~0 galaxies. Our new NIRSPEC measurements may provide quantitative insights into why high-redshift objects display such properties. From the [SII] line ratio, high electron densities (~1000 cm^(-3)) are inferred compared to local galaxies, and [OIII]/[OII] line ratios indicate higher ionization parameters compared to the local population. Building on previous similar results at z~2, these measurements provide further evidence (at high S/N) that star-forming regions are significantly different in high-redshift galaxies, compared to their local counterparts (abridged).Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journa

Prospectus, July 16, 1986

https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1986/1017/thumbnail.jp

Prospectus, August 25, 1986

https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1986/1018/thumbnail.jp

SNAP-PLUS – NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE FOR WISCONSIN 1/

The new CNMP program of the NRCS requires simultaneous integration of five components: A conservation plan (RUSLE2); A nutrient management plan (NRCS 590 – P based); A record keeping program (CNMP); A manure/wastewater manager (CNMP); A feed management program (CNMP). Most of these components are prepared tediously, by hand, often independently of each other. We have linked software programs that deal with conservation planning, nutrient management, record keeping, and manure management into a single software tool called SNAP-Plus, which has a simple user interface and output forms. The outputs of this tool can then be combined into a CNMP. The SNAP-Plus software is based on a widely accepted and easy to use nutrient management tool, SNAP2000; to which we have added the new Wisconsin P Index (PI); a P and K balancer; and the soil erosio

Prospectus, December 3, 1986

https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1986/1032/thumbnail.jp