Overconfidence in a Career-Concerns Setting

We study the effects of overconfidence in a two-period investment-decision agency setting. Under common priors, agent risk aversion implies inefficiently low first-period investment. In our model, principal and agent disagree about the profitability of the investment decision conditional on a given public signal. An overconfident agent believes that the principal will update her beliefs upwards more often than not. As a consequence, the agent overestimates the benefits of learning from first-period investment. This implies that agent overconfidence mitigates the agency problems arising from the agent’s career concerns, even though an overconfident agent bears more project and reputational risk in equilibrium.overconfidence, heterogenous beliefs, career concerns

From de Church to the Union: The reconstruction of the workers’ movement in Baleares

Reseña de: Aroca Mohedano, Manuela, Sindicatos y turismo de masas en Las Baleares. Del franquismo a la democracia, Palma, Edicions Documenta Balear, 2018, 280 pp

Proinsulin: From Hormonal Precursor to Neuroprotective Factor

In the last decade, non-canonical functions have been described for several molecules with hormone-like activities in different stages of vertebrate development. Since its purification in the 1960s, proinsulin has been one of the best described hormonal precursors, though it has been overwhelmingly studied in the context of insulin, the mature protein secreted by the pancreas. Beginning with our discovery of the presence and precise regulation of proinsulin mRNA in early neurulation and neurogenesis, we uncovered a role for proinsulin in cell survival in the developing nervous system. We subsequently demonstrated the ability of proinsulin to prevent pathological cell death and delay photoreceptor degeneration in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa. In this review, we focus on the evolution of proinsulin/insulin, beginning with insulin-like peptides expressed in mainly the neurosecretory cells of some invertebrates. We summarize findings related to the regulation of proinsulin expression during development and discuss the possible effects of proinsulin in neural cells or tissue, and its potential as a neuroprotective molecule

Funciones Radiales de Base para Desenvolvimiento de Fase

An important step in fringe pattern analysis is the so called phase unwrapping. Although this task can be performed easily using path dependent algorithms, most times, however, these algorithms are not robust enough specially in the presence of noise. On the other hand, path independent methods such as least-squares based or regularization based may be little convenient due to programming complexity or time consuming. In this paper we describe an alternative algorithm for phase unwrapping based in the determination of weights to linearly combine a set of radial basis functions (RBFs). As described, our algorithm is fast and can be easily implemented following a simple matrix formulation. Numerical and real experiments with good results show that our method can be applied in many kinds of optical tests.Un importante paso en el análisis de patrones de franjas es el llamado desenvolvimiento de fase. Aunque esta tarea puede ser realizada fácilmente usando algoritmos dependientes del camino, muchas veces, sin embargo, estos algoritmos no son suficientemente robustos especialmente con la presencia de ruido. Por otro lado, los métodos independientes del camino tales como los basados en mínimos cuadrados o regularización pueden ser poco convenientes debido a la complejidad de programación o al tiempo de procesado. En este artículo describimos un algoritmo alternativo para desenvolvimiento de fase basado en la determinación de pesos para combinar linealmente un conjunto de funciones radiales de base (FRBs). Como se describe, nuestro algoritmo es rápido y puede ser fácilmente implementado siguiendo una formulación matricial simple. Experimentos numéricos y reales con buenos resultados muestran que nuestro método puede ser aplicado a muchos de los tipos de pruebas ópticas

Funciones Radiales de Base para Desenvolvimiento de Fase

An important step in fringe pattern analysis is the so called phase unwrapping. Although this task can be performed easily using path dependent algorithms, most times, however, these algorithms are not robust enough specially in the presence of noise. On the other hand, path independent methods such as least-squares based or regularization based may be little convenient due to programming complexity or time consuming. In this paper we describe an alternative algorithm for phase unwrapping based in the determination of weights to linearly combine a set of radial basis functions (RBFs). As described, our algorithm is fast and can be easily implemented following a simple matrix formulation. Numerical and real experiments with good results show that our method can be applied in many kinds of optical tests.Un importante paso en el análisis de patrones de franjas es el llamado desenvolvimiento de fase. Aunque esta tarea puede ser realizada fácilmente usando algoritmos dependientes del camino, muchas veces, sin embargo, estos algoritmos no son suficientemente robustos especialmente con la presencia de ruido. Por otro lado, los métodos independientes del camino tales como los basados en mínimos cuadrados o regularización pueden ser poco convenientes debido a la complejidad de programación o al tiempo de procesado. En este artículo describimos un algoritmo alternativo para desenvolvimiento de fase basado en la determinación de pesos para combinar linealmente un conjunto de funciones radiales de base (FRBs). Como se describe, nuestro algoritmo es rápido y puede ser fácilmente implementado siguiendo una formulación matricial simple. Experimentos numéricos y reales con buenos resultados muestran que nuestro método puede ser aplicado a muchos de los tipos de pruebas ópticas

A Comparative Study of Some Markov Random Fields and Different Criteria Optimization in Image Restoration

The present chapter illustrates the use of some recent alternative methods to deal with digital image filtering and restoration. This collection of methods is inspired on the use of Markov Random Fields (MRF), which introduces prior knowledge of information that will allow, more efficiently, modeling the image acquisition process. The methods based on the MRF are analyzed and proposed into a Bayesian framework and their principal objective is to eliminate noise and some effects caused by excessive smoothness on the reconstruction process of images which are rich in contours or edges. In order to preserve object edges into the image, the use of certain convexity criteria into the MRF is proposed obtaining adequate weighting of cost functions in cases where discontinuities are remarked and, even better, for cases where such discontinuities are very smooth

La oposición católica al franquismo en Valladolid: la HOAC (1960-1975)

The movements of the worker Catholicism in Castilla were not well accepted by the politicians franquistas, being especially watched from the decade of 1960s. Then the first social movements against the Régime started to be accomplished.Los movimientos del catolicismo obrero en Castilla no fueron bien aceptados por los políticos franquistas, siendo especialmente vigilados desde la década de 1960, época en la que comienzan a realizarse los primeros movimientos sociales contra el régimen

Legislación fiscal y conflicto: actores, entornos y administración hacendaria en México, siglos XIX y XX

Reseñ

Church, Society and Democracy. The Progressive Clergy as a Developing Factor of Francoism in Castilla y León, 1966-1975

The Second Vatican Council boosted the political commitment of young priests with experience in the movements of Catholic Action. The weak reception of the Council in Spain, its consequences in the relations between the church and the state and the opposition of the Francoism radicalized the performance and the message of these priests. In Castile and León, the actions of these clerics facilitated the dissemination of a democratic culture. To this they contributed the scarce tradition of workers struggle and the historical weight of the church. The actions of these priests prompted democratic reconciliation and weakened the historic struggle between catholicism and secularism

‘Fachadolid’, un cliché con éxito. La extrema derecha en Valladolid, 1977-1982

The acts of violence by the far right between 1979 and 1981, the success of Fuerza Nueva's mobilisation strategy, and the symbolic capital formed by episodes such as the union between the Falange and the JONS in the Teatro Calderón in 1934, were factors that contributed to the success of 'Fachadolid'. This, however, contrasts with the poor electoral performance of the extreme right between 1977 and 1982, which was relegated to residual positions except in municipalities with small populations.La escalada de violencia protagonizada por militantes juveniles de extrema derecha entre 1979 y 1981, el notable resultado de la estrategia movilizadora de Fuerza Nueva y el capital simbólico que para los nostálgicos del Franquismo constituían episodios históricos como la fusión de Falange y las JONS en el Teatro Calderón, en 1934, fueron factores que contribuyeron a forjar el éxito del término ‘Fachadolid’. Este, sin embargo, se compadece mal con el resultado electoral de la extrema derecha entre 1977 y 1982, siempre confinada a puestos residuales salvo en municipios de reducida población