The institutions of archaic post-modernity and their organizational and managerial consequences: The case of Portugal

The long march of modernization of the Western societies tends to be presented as following a regular sequence: societies and institutions were pre-modern, and then they were modernized, eventually becoming post-modern. Such teleology may provide an incomplete or distorted narrative of societal evolution in many parts of the world, even in the ‘post-modern heartland’ of Western Europe, with Portugal being a case in point. The concept of archaic post-modernity has been developed by a philosopher, José Gil, to show how Portuguese institutions and organizations combine elements of pre-modernity and post-modernity. The notion of an archaic post-modernity is advanced in order to provide an alternative account of the modernization process, which enriches discussion of the varieties of capitalism. Differences in historical experiences create singularities that may be considered in the analysis of culture, management and organization

The Earth: Plasma Sources, Losses, and Transport Processes

This paper reviews the state of knowledge concerning the source of magnetospheric plasma at Earth. Source of plasma, its acceleration and transport throughout the system, its consequences on system dynamics, and its loss are all discussed. Both observational and modeling advances since the last time this subject was covered in detail (Hultqvist et al., Magnetospheric Plasma Sources and Losses, 1999) are addressed

Organizing ERS Projects: Implications for Demonstrations and Deployments : A Comparative Stakeholder Analysis of the Swedish ERS-Projects eRoadArlanda and eHighway E16

The electric road system (ERS) receives increasing attention as a potential solution to cope with the transition to environmentally friendly heavy road transport. Moving from the initial technology development phase to the technology demonstration phase has motivated the creation of demonstration projects. Thus, ERS-project organizations have evolved. This report makes an inquiry into the organizing of ERS-projects. It is based on a comparative analysis of the two ongoing demonstration projects in Sweden; eRoadArlanda and eHighway E16. The study addresses what implications the current ERS demonstration projects can provide through a stakeholder assessment. The outcome of the study is 11 implications for the organizing of ERS demonstration and deployment projects. These are divided among the six perspectives: project leadership, electric road vehicle, electric infrastructure, funding, verification, and interest vs power.Elvägssystemet (ERS) uppmärksammas allt mer som en möjlig lösning för övergången till miljövänlig tung vägtransport. Förflyttningen från den initiala teknologiutvecklingsfasen till teknologidemonstrationsfasen har motiverat skapandet av demonstrationsprojekt. Därmed skapas ERS-projektorganisationer. Den här rapporten undersöker hur ERS-projekt organiseras. Den är baserad på en jämförande analys av de två pågående demonstrationsprojekten i Sverige, eRoadArlanda och eHighway E16. Studien adresserar vilka implikationer de pågående ERS-demonstrationsprojekten bidrar med genom en intressentutvärdering. Studiens resultat är 11 implikationer gällande organisering av ERS-projekt för demonstration eller kommersialisering. Dessa är uppdelade mellan de sex perspektiven: projektledarskap, elvägsfordon, elinfrastruktur, finansiering, verifiering och intresse vs makt.QC 20180612ERSET, Electric Road System Engineering Toolbo

Organizing ERS Projects: Implications for Demonstrations and Deployments : A Comparative Stakeholder Analysis of the Swedish ERS-Projects eRoadArlanda and eHighway E16

The electric road system (ERS) receives increasing attention as a potential solution to cope with the transition to environmentally friendly heavy road transport. Moving from the initial technology development phase to the technology demonstration phase has motivated the creation of demonstration projects. Thus, ERS-project organizations have evolved. This report makes an inquiry into the organizing of ERS-projects. It is based on a comparative analysis of the two ongoing demonstration projects in Sweden; eRoadArlanda and eHighway E16. The study addresses what implications the current ERS demonstration projects can provide through a stakeholder assessment. The outcome of the study is 11 implications for the organizing of ERS demonstration and deployment projects. These are divided among the six perspectives: project leadership, electric road vehicle, electric infrastructure, funding, verification, and interest vs power.Elvägssystemet (ERS) uppmärksammas allt mer som en möjlig lösning för övergången till miljövänlig tung vägtransport. Förflyttningen från den initiala teknologiutvecklingsfasen till teknologidemonstrationsfasen har motiverat skapandet av demonstrationsprojekt. Därmed skapas ERS-projektorganisationer. Den här rapporten undersöker hur ERS-projekt organiseras. Den är baserad på en jämförande analys av de två pågående demonstrationsprojekten i Sverige, eRoadArlanda och eHighway E16. Studien adresserar vilka implikationer de pågående ERS-demonstrationsprojekten bidrar med genom en intressentutvärdering. Studiens resultat är 11 implikationer gällande organisering av ERS-projekt för demonstration eller kommersialisering. Dessa är uppdelade mellan de sex perspektiven: projektledarskap, elvägsfordon, elinfrastruktur, finansiering, verifiering och intresse vs makt.QC 20180612ERSET, Electric Road System Engineering Toolbo

Drug R&D Management : Practitioners' Challenges and Knowledge Needs

R&D productivity in the pharmaceutical business has gradually decreased during the last decades. While companies are spending more on R&D, fewer drugs are reaching the market. It is said that the cost of bringing a successful drug to the market is now $1 billion, which includes all failure drugs. At the same time, governmental regulations for drugs development have become tighter. Companies are therefore desperately trying to find new ways to develop more innovative drugs more effectively. There is a growing need for more knowledge about Drug R&D Management in the industry, which is the reason for KTH Industrial Economics and Management initiating a research program in this field. The present study is a feasibility study of this research endeavor. It outlines the scope of the field and explores areas for further study. Anchored in interviews with key industrial actors, the aim is to identify which organizational challenges practitioners are presently facing for successful drug R&D management. Four themes of challenges within the business have been identified. These are: Specialization within the R&D Process – There is a trend that different actors specialize within the innovation process of developing new drugs. The concept is to source activities to organizations that have the best capabilities. What are the consequences of this business model? What is the core competence of different actors? Balancing Freedom and Control in R&D Operations – R&D by definition, comprises activities with unknown outcomes. Work in projects most probably takes trajectories that were not originally thought of. Typically the most suitable individuals for performing such activities are scientists with a deep specialization within the field of research. How are freedom and control of work balanced within R&D? What type of control is most suitable? How can scientists be managed? Resource Allocation and Project Portfolio Management – Projects in a project portfolio are dependent on each other and on their environment. The ecology in which a project lives will determine how it is evaluated and financed, and how risk-willing its owners are. There is a need of knowledge to describe how different project environments are organized. Organizing for Knowledge Exchange – Knowledge in biosciences is growing exponentially. Managing knowledge is therefore crucial, but how to do it successfully is the question. Working in big collaborative networks requires companies to manage knowledge outside the boundaries of the firm. There is also a need to bring in knowledge from other industries. The themes can encompass different theoretical disciplines - from a strategic point of view to a cognitive aspect of innovation. This study argues for a comparative multiple case study approach focusing on the preconditions and business logics of different R&D organizations. The cases should look into the different organizational domains of Biotech firms and Big Pharma multinationals, comparing the two business logics and strategies. Innovation in the context of single firms in the pharmaceutical industry can thus be explored and give rise to knowledge through examples of practical problem solving and methodology in drug R&D management.QC 2012012

Organizing ERS Projects: Implications for Demonstrations and Deployments : A Comparative Stakeholder Analysis of the Swedish ERS-Projects eRoadArlanda and eHighway E16

The electric road system (ERS) receives increasing attention as a potential solution to cope with the transition to environmentally friendly heavy road transport. Moving from the initial technology development phase to the technology demonstration phase has motivated the creation of demonstration projects. Thus, ERS-project organizations have evolved. This report makes an inquiry into the organizing of ERS-projects. It is based on a comparative analysis of the two ongoing demonstration projects in Sweden; eRoadArlanda and eHighway E16. The study addresses what implications the current ERS demonstration projects can provide through a stakeholder assessment. The outcome of the study is 11 implications for the organizing of ERS demonstration and deployment projects. These are divided among the six perspectives: project leadership, electric road vehicle, electric infrastructure, funding, verification, and interest vs power.Elvägssystemet (ERS) uppmärksammas allt mer som en möjlig lösning för övergången till miljövänlig tung vägtransport. Förflyttningen från den initiala teknologiutvecklingsfasen till teknologidemonstrationsfasen har motiverat skapandet av demonstrationsprojekt. Därmed skapas ERS-projektorganisationer. Den här rapporten undersöker hur ERS-projekt organiseras. Den är baserad på en jämförande analys av de två pågående demonstrationsprojekten i Sverige, eRoadArlanda och eHighway E16. Studien adresserar vilka implikationer de pågående ERS-demonstrationsprojekten bidrar med genom en intressentutvärdering. Studiens resultat är 11 implikationer gällande organisering av ERS-projekt för demonstration eller kommersialisering. Dessa är uppdelade mellan de sex perspektiven: projektledarskap, elvägsfordon, elinfrastruktur, finansiering, verifiering och intresse vs makt.QC 20180612ERSET, Electric Road System Engineering Toolbo

The Resource Allocation Syndrome : The Prime Challenge of Multi-Project Management?

This paper explores the nature of organizational settings, where a large extent of the operations is organized as simultaneous or successive projects. Anchored in qualitative case studies, the paper analyzes why the resource allocation syndrome is the number one issue for multi-project management and discusses the underlying mechanisms behind this phenomenon.QC 20160301</p