7,704 research outputs found
Can a profession exist without research?
Radiography combines science, technology and patient care to provide an essential role in medical diagnosis and treatment. The term âprofessionâ has existed in the Oxford English Dictionary from the 15th century and argues that a profession is an occupation where professional knowledge is applied by someone who has undertaken prolonged training and obtained a formal qualification (Oxford English Dictionary Online; 2007). For most of history, professions have based their practices on expertise derived from experience passed down in the form of tradition. Even in health care, many practices have still not been justified by evidence and as such there are areas of uncertainty.peer-reviewe
Balanced and Imbalanced Societal Norms About Working: A Comparison of Four National Labor Markets at Two Time Points
Two normative orientations: work as an obligation/duty versus work as an entitlement/right are compared among representative samples from the American, German, Belgian, and Japanese labor force exploring four domains: Work itself\u27, Meaningful work , Work Improvements , and Care for the Future at two points in time. Results reveal: Stability over time, and significant differences related to age, occupational group membership, and country
How Working is Defined: Structure and Stability
[Excerpt] Multidimensional scaling of statements that identify when individuals consider an activity in which one is engaged to be working was conducted on representative samples of the employed labor forces in Belgium, Germany, Japan and the USA at the time period 1982-83 and again at the time period 1989-92. Representative labor force samples of the employed labor forces in East Germany, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Beijing, China studied at the time period 1991-92 were subjected to the same MDS analysis. The results provide strong support that one dominant dimension underlying the way in which people define working ranges from individual cost to social contribution. Individuals who define working in burden and/or constraint terms emphasize costs to the individual. Individuals who define working largely in responsibility and exchange terms emphasize reciprocal exchange relations between the individual and the organization/society. Individuals who define working largely in social contribution terms emphasize the social benefits of working. The work definition structures found in each of the four countries with replication samples are quite stable over time. In total, the work definition responses of over 18,000 individuals were studied
Generalised Elliptic Functions
We consider multiply periodic functions, sometimes called Abelian functions,
defined with respect to the period matrices associated with classes of
algebraic curves. We realise them as generalisations of the Weierstras
P-function using two different approaches. These functions arise naturally as
solutions to some of the important equations of mathematical physics and their
differential equations, addition formulae, and applications have all been
recent topics of study.
The first approach discussed sees the functions defined as logarithmic
derivatives of the sigma-function, a modified Riemann theta-function. We can
make use of known properties of the sigma function to derive power series
expansions and in turn the properties mentioned above. This approach has been
extended to a wide range of non hyperelliptic and higher genus curves and an
overview of recent results is given.
The second approach defines the functions algebraically, after first
modifying the curve into its equivariant form. This approach allows the use of
representation theory to derive a range of results at lower computational cost.
We discuss the development of this theory for hyperelliptic curves and how it
may be extended in the future.Comment: 16 page
Anomalous isotopic predissociation in the F³Πu(v=1) state of Oâ
Using a tunable, narrow-bandwidth vacuum-ultraviolet source based on third-harmonic generation from excimer-pumped dye-laser radiation, the F³ΠuâX³Σg-(1,0)photoabsorption cross sections of Âčâ¶Oâ and ÂčâžOâ have been recorded in high resolution. Rotational analyses have been performed and the resultant F(v=1) term values fitted to the ³ΠHamiltonian of Brown and Merer [J. Mol. Spectrosc. 74, 488 (1979)]. A large rotationless isotope effect is observed in the F(v=1)predissociation, wherein the Lorentzian linewidth component for ÂčâžOâ is a factor of âŒ50 smaller than the corresponding Âčâ¶Oâlinewidth. This effect, a consequence of the nonadiabatic rotationless predissociation mechanism, is described using a coupled-channel treatment of the strongly Rydberg-valence-mixed 3Î u states. Significant J, e/f-parity, and sublevel dependencies observed in the isotopic F(v=1) rotational widths are found to derive from an indirect predissociation mechanism involving an accidental degeneracy with the E³Σâu(v=3) level, itself strongly predissociated by ³Σâu Rydberg-valence interactions, together with L-uncoupling (rotational) interactions between the Rydberg components of the F and E states. Transitions into the E(v=3) level are observed directly for the first time, specifically in the ÂčâžOâ spectrumPartial support
was provided by an NSF International Opportunities for Scientists
and Engineers Program Grant No. INT-9513350, and
Visiting Fellowships for G.S. and J.B.W. at the Australian
National University
Unmasking quality: exploring meanings of health by doing art
This paper arises from a presentation at the âQuality in Healthcareâ symposium at Cumberland Lodge, England, in 2013. MK, CR and SH conceived the paper and led the writing of the manuscript. JF, JL-D, AC, DE contributed substantially to the intellectual content of the paper through providing critical commentary and interpretation. All authors read and approved the final manuscript
Canada's Most Northerly Postglacial Bowhead Whales (Balaena mysticetus) : Holocene Sea-ice Conditions and Polynya Development
Rare remains of postglacial bowhead whales occur in the Norwegian Bay-Eureka Sound region. These are the northernmost remains known from the Canadian Arctic. The region is beyond the bowhead's current range because of persistent summer sea ice. We argue that the region has been beyond the bowhead's range for most of postglacial time for the same reason. With one exception, the 16 known subfossil bowheads from the region date to the last 4000 14C years. Within the region, whale bones are most common adjacent to polynyas, which connect to more southerly channels extending from Baffin Bay. This distribution suggests that the polynyas, which here occupy areas of strong currents, developed as a result of shallowing of inter-island channels due to postglacial uplift. The whale remains beyond the polynyas are seen as those of doomed strays that reached the polynyas from Baffin Bay and foraged farther along coastal leads before being trapped by freeze-up. This interpretation of Holocene sea-ice history agrees with the limited development of Holocene raised beaches in the region. However, it contradicts other interpretations of greatly ameliorated marine conditions in northernmost Canada at about 6000 14C years B.P.La rĂ©gion de la baie Norwegian et du dĂ©troit d'Eureka abrite un petit nombre de restes organiques de baleines borĂ©ales postglaciaires. Ce sont les restes trouvĂ©s le plus au nord de l'Arctique canadien. Cette zone est situĂ©e en dehors du territoire actuel de la baleine borĂ©ale en raison de la prĂ©sence constante de glace marine estivale. On soutient que la rĂ©gion s'est trouvĂ©e en dehors du territoire de la baleine borĂ©ale durant la plus grande partie de la pĂ©riode postglaciaire, et ce, pour la mĂȘme raison. Ă une exception prĂšs, les 16 baleines borĂ©ales subfossiles qui ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©couvertes dans cette zone datent des 4000 derniĂšres annĂ©es (Ăąge radiocarbone). Dans la rĂ©gion, les os de baleines se trouvent en plus grand nombre au voisinage immĂ©diat de polynies, celles-ci Ă©tant reliĂ©es Ă des chenaux plus mĂ©ridionaux qui sinuent depuis la baie de Baffin. Cette distribution suggĂšre que les polynies, qui occupent ici des zones de courants forts, se sont formĂ©es Ă la suite d'une diminution de la profondeur des chenaux sĂ©parant les Ăźles provoquĂ©e par un soulĂšvement postglaciaire. On pense que les restes de baleines qui se trouvent en dehors des polynies appartiennent Ă des baleines qui ont rejoint les polynies depuis la baie de Baffin et qui se sont Ă©garĂ©es plus loin en quĂȘte de nourriture le long des passages cĂŽtiers avant d'ĂȘtre bloquĂ©es par les glaces. Cette interprĂ©tation de l'histoire de la glace marine de l'holocĂšne concorde avec l'Ă©volution restreinte des plages soulevĂ©es de la rĂ©gion, qui datent de l'holocĂšne. Elle contredit toutefois d'autres interprĂ©tations de conditions marines nettement amĂ©liorĂ©es dans l'extrĂȘme nord du Canada il y a environ 6000 ans (Ăąge radiocarbone) BP
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