Impact of global recession on selected OECD countries : a panel data analysis

The tax burden on wages, profits, property, and goods or services has a serious impact on cross-country competiveness, something that, in turn, impinges strongly on the actual economy of common markets such as the European Union (EU). While the mobility of productive factors is directly related with country tax-regime differences, government budget funding from tax revenues and rates are the main fiscal policy tools. This article analyzes the trends, similarities and differences between the tax regimes of European Monetary Union (EMU) for the period from 1995 to 2019. The methodologies we employ include time series analysis, regression analysis and multivariate cluster analysis. The data are mainly collected from the OECD database and tax revenue departments at country level. We argue that there are significant differences among the tax regimes of EU countries and that no policy has been implemented to ensure tax homogeneity across the EU, nor is there any likelihood of such. The anarchy in fiscal policy is an obstacle for the European Integration. Budget deficits have an impact on taxation and countries, invariably, manage the recent debt crisis by selecting different taxes as fiscal policy tools. Our article presents the differences between tax regimes of EMU countries and shows that the level of economic growth affects the structure of taxes at work and alters the performance of different types of taxes; is also wishes to explain the factors that differentiate tax regimes by using multi dimensional criteria and variance analysis. Our work contributes to the debate toward a common tax regime between EU countries and our analysis is concentrated on this.peer-reviewe

Game Real-Time Strategy Dengan Menggunakan Artificial Intelligence Quantified Judgement Model Dan Backpropagation Neural Network

Real-Time Strategy (RTS) Game is a quite popular video game genre. The uniqueness of RTS Games is that it is a Strategy Game where time will still continue for all the players. This creates situations where the player must determine their strategies in a matter of seconds. To get a good gameplay experience, then we would need enemies for the player. The way we could do that is to create an AI that could take into account the mechanics of the game. This thesis is aimed to broaden our knowledge on how to develop AI for RTS games.The game will be created in Unity Game Engine 5.1.2f1, where the AI that is going to be implemented is the Quantified Judgement Model and the Neural Network backpropagation. The Quantified Judgement Model will act as Abstract Controller, giving orders to his troops much like a general in a war. Neural Network Backpropagation will be used for the Virtual Character, where the AI will act for each of the troops to think on what they should do. Whether they have to fall back, or keep going forward according to the orders given to him

Comparison of pediatric and adult antibiotic-associated diarrhea and Clostridium difficile infections

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0/.Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) and Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) have been well studied for adult cases, but not as well in the pediatric population. Whether the disease process or response to treatments differs between pediatric and adult patients is an important clinical concern when following global guidelines based largely on adult patients. A systematic review of the literature using databases PubMed (June 3, 1978-2015) was conducted to compare AAD and CDI in pediatric and adult populations and determine significant differences and similarities that might impact clinical decisions. In general, pediatric AAD and CDI have a more rapid onset of symptoms, a shorter duration of disease and fewer CDI complications (required surgeries and extended hospitalizations) than in adults. Children experience more community-associated CDI and are associated with smaller outbreaks than adult cases of CDI. The ribotype NAP1/027/BI is more common in adults than children. Children and adults share some similar risk factors, but adults have more complex risk factor profiles associated with more co-morbidities, types of disruptive factors and a wider range of exposures to C. difficile in the healthcare environment. The treatment of pediatric and adult AAD is similar (discontinuing or switching the inciting antibiotic), but other treatment strategies for AAD have not been established. Pediatric CDI responds better to metronidazole, while adult CDI responds better to vancomycin. Recurrent CDI is not commonly reported for children. Prevention for both pediatric and adult AAD and CDI relies upon integrated infection control programs, antibiotic stewardship and may include the use of adjunctive probiotics. Clinical presentation of pediatric AAD and CDI are different than adult AAD and CDI symptoms. These differences should be taken into account when rating severity of disease and prescribing antibiotics.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

Magnetic properties of (Fe1−x_{1-x}Cox_x)2_2B alloys and the effect of doping by 5dd elements

We have explored, computationally and experimentally, the magnetic properties of \fecob{} alloys. Calculations provide a good agreement with experiment in terms of the saturation magnetization and the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy with some difficulty in describing Co$_2$B, for which it is found that both full potential effects and electron correlations treated within dynamical mean field theory are of importance for a correct description. The material exhibits a uniaxial magnetic anisotropy for a range of cobalt concentrations between $x=0.1$ and $x=0.5$. A simple model for the temperature dependence of magnetic anisotropy suggests that the complicated non-monotonous temperature behaviour is mainly due to variations in the band structure as the exchange splitting is reduced by temperature. Using density functional theory based calculations we have explored the effect of substitutional doping the transition metal sublattice by the whole range of 5$d$ transition metals and found that doping by Re or W elements should significantly enhance the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy. Experimentally, W doping did not succeed in enhancing the magnetic anisotropy due to formation of other phases. On the other hand, doping by Ir and Re was successful and resulted in magnetic anisotropies that are in agreement with theoretical predictions. In particular, doping by 2.5~at.\% of Re on the Fe/Co site shows a magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy which is increased by 50\% compared to its parent (Fe$_{0.7}$Co$_{0.3}$)$_2$B compound, making this system interesting, for example, in the context of permanent magnet replacement materials or in other areas where a large magnetic anisotropy is of importance.Comment: 15 pages 17 figure

The influence of magnetocrystalline anisotropy on the magnetocaloric effect: A case study on Co 2B

The influence of magnetocrystalline anisotropy on the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) was studied on single crystals of CoB and compared to measurements on polycrystalline samples. Large differences in adiabatic temperature change Δ T a d and magnetic entropy change Δ S M were found along the different crystallographic directions. The magnetocaloric effect differs by 40% in the case of Δ T a d in a field change of 1.9 T when applying the field along the hard axis and easy plane of magnetization. In the case of Δ S M, the values differ 50% and 35% from each other in field changes of 1 and 1.9 T, respectively. It was found that this anisotropy effect does not saturate in fields up to 4 T, which is higher than the anisotropy field of CoB ( ≈2 T). A simple model was developed to illustrate the possible effect on magnetocrystalline anisotropy, showing large differences especially in application relevant fields of about 1 T. The results strongly suggest that the MCE could be maximized when orienting single crystalline powders in an easy axis parallel to the applied field in active magnetocaloric regenerator structures, and therefore the overall device efficiency could be increased.Unión Europea FP7/2007-2013DRREAM No. 310748DAAD A/13/09434MINECO EU-FEDER MAT2013-45165-P MAT2016-77265-RNUST MISiS No. K4-2015-01

Hole Hopping through Tryptophan in Cytochrome P450

Electron-transfer kinetics have been measured in four conjugates of cytochrome P450 with surface-bound Ru-photosensitizers. The conjugates are constructed with enzymes from Bacillus megaterium (CYP102A1) and Sulfolobus acidocaldarius (CYP119). A W96 residue lies in the path between Ru and the heme in CYP102A1, whereas H76 is present at the analogous location in CYP119. Two additional conjugates have been prepared with (CYP102A1)W96H and (CYP119)H76W mutant enzymes. Heme oxidation by photochemically generated Ru^(3+) leads to P450 compound II formation when a tryptophan residue is in the path between Ru and the heme; no heme oxidation is observed when histidine occupies this position. The data indicate that heme oxidation proceeds via two-step tunneling through a tryptophan radical intermediate. In contrast, heme reduction by photochemically generated Ru+ proceeds in a single electron tunneling step with closely similar rate constants for all four conjugates

Improving Patient Satisfaction in Health Services: An Application At Dumlupinar University Kutahya Evliya Celebi Education & Research Hospital

The aim of this study is to reveal the factors in improving patient satisfaction at health institutions. In line with this aim, the effect of service quality perceptions and corporate image on patient satisfaction was analysed through the data acquired from 307 patients at Dumlupinar University Kutahya Evliya Celebi Education & Research Hospital using multiple regression model. Moreover, the patients’ perceptions about service quality dimensions were also evaluated through the same data. As a result of the analyses, it was determined that the highest perceptions of the patients about service quality dimensions turned out to be in tangibles and reliability dimensions. On the other hand, it was also determined that perceived service quality and corporate image are effective on patient satisfaction. The results of this study are a guide for public hospitals to increase their service presentation quality and to develop their corporate image. These improvements will increase customer satisfaction and thus enable public hospitals to be preferred more. Key Words: Perceived service quality, corporate image, patient satisfaction, regression analysi

Autoestima y rendimiento académico en estudiantes de nivel primario de una institución educativa de Cutervo - Cajamarca, 2020

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo principal el Determinar la relación entre autoestima y el rendimiento académico en los estudiantes del IV ciclo del nivel primario de la I.E. 10868, El Corral, Distrito de Querocotillo, Provincia de Cutervo, 2020, se trata de investigación de tipo descriptiva - correlacional, la muestra fue de 18 estudiantes, para dicha investigación se utilizó el test de autoestima 25 para poder medir la autoestima (25 items) y para medir el rendimiento académico se tomó en cuenta las notas obtenidas en el periodo 2020. Por tanto, el valor de significancia fue menor a 5% (P=0.003), por lo cual se determina que existe una correlación directa entre autoestima y el rendimiento académico. A su vez, las dimensiones de la autoestima (familia, emociones y motivación), guardan una relación con el rendimiento académico, mientras que las dimensiones (identidad personal, autonomía y socialización), no guardan relación con el rendimiento académico.Tesi