PERSONALITY OR ACCULTURATION – WHAT MATTERS FOR SUBSTANCE USE OF LITHUANIAN EMIGRANTS?

The study aim: The current study aims to explore the predictive factors of substance use (smoking, alcohol and drug consumption) among Lithuanian emigrants living in different European countries. The interaction between personality and acculturation strategies as the predictors of emigrant substance use is investigated. The material and method: 210 Lithuanian emigrants (76 males, 134 females) living in different European countries participated in the study. They completed the self-report online questionnaire that included Big Five personality inventory, acculturative behaviour scale, seven questions about smoking, alcohol and drug use, and socio demographic questions. The main results and conclusions: Higher scores of assimilation added to the negative effect of neuroticism when predicting more problematic alcohol use of male emigrants. Whereas in the group of females only higher agreeableness predicted lower alcohol consumption. In the case of smoking agreeableness, openness and neuroticism were significant predictors for male emigrants, whereas acculturation strategies had no predictive value. The smoking of female emigrants was predicted neither by personality nor by acculturation. We supported the idea that personality traits are the most stable and informative predictors of health – risk behaviour in emigrants’ sample, although certain acculturation strategies could add some of explanatory value at least for males. Also, substance use of emigrant men and women is of different nature

PERSONALITY OR ACCULTURATION – WHAT MATTERS FOR SUBSTANCE USE OF LITHUANIAN EMIGRANTS?

The study aim: The current study aims to explore the predictive factors of substance use (smoking, alcohol and drug consumption) among Lithuanian emigrants living in different European countries. The interaction between personality and acculturation strategies as the predictors of emigrant substance use is investigated. The material and method: 210 Lithuanian emigrants (76 males, 134 females) living in different European countries participated in the study. They completed the self-report online questionnaire that included Big Five personality inventory, acculturative behaviour scale, seven questions about smoking, alcohol and drug use, and socio demographic questions. The main results and conclusions: Higher scores of assimilation added to the negative effect of neuroticism when predicting more problematic alcohol use of male emigrants. Whereas in the group of females only higher agreeableness predicted lower alcohol consumption. In the case of smoking agreeableness, openness and neuroticism were significant predictors for male emigrants, whereas acculturation strategies had no predictive value. The smoking of female emigrants was predicted neither by personality nor by acculturation. We supported the idea that personality traits are the most stable and informative predictors of health – risk behaviour in emigrants’ sample, although certain acculturation strategies could add some of explanatory value at least for males. Also, substance use of emigrant men and women is of different nature

Narcissism and the strategic pursuit of short-term mating : universal links across 11 world regions of the International Sexuality Description Project-2.

Previous studies have documented links between sub-clinical narcissism and the active pursuit of short-term mating strategies (e.g., unrestricted sociosexuality, marital infidelity, mate poaching). Nearly all of these investigations have relied solely on samples from Western cultures. In the current study, responses from a cross-cultural survey of 30,470 people across 53 nations spanning 11 world regions (North America, Central/South America, Northern Europe, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Middle East, Africa, Oceania, Southeast Asia, and East Asia) were used to evaluate whether narcissism (as measured by the Narcissistic Personality Inventory; NPI) was universally associated with short-term mating. Results revealed narcissism scores (including two broad factors and seven traditional facets as measured by the NPI) were functionally equivalent across cultures, reliably associating with key sexual outcomes (e.g., more active pursuit of short-term mating, intimate partner violence, and sexual aggression) and sex-related personality traits (e.g., higher extraversion and openness to experience). Whereas some features of personality (e.g., subjective well-being) were universally associated with socially adaptive facets of Narcissism (e.g., self-sufficiency), most indicators of short-term mating (e.g., unrestricted sociosexuality and marital infidelity) were universally associated with the socially maladaptive facets of narcissism (e.g., exploitativeness). Discussion addresses limitations of these cross-culturally universal findings and presents suggestions for future research into revealing the precise psychological features of narcissism that facilitate the strategic pursuit of short-term mating

Narcisismo y búsqueda estratégica del emparejamiento a corto plazo a través de las culturas: Enlaces omnipresentes a través de 11 regiones mundiales del Proyecto de la descripción de la sexualidad internacional 2

Previous studies have documented links between sub-clinical narcissism and the active pursuit of short-term mating strategies (e.g., unrestricted sociosexuality, marital infidelity, mate poaching). Nearly all of these investigations have relied solely on samples from Western cultures. In the current study, responses from a cross-cultural survey of 30,470 people across 53 nations spanning 11 world regions (North America, Central/South America, Northern Europe, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Middle East, Africa, Oceania, Southeast Asia, and East Asia) were used to evaluate whether narcissism (as measured by the Narcissistic Personality Inventory; NPI) was universally associated with short-term mating. Results revealed narcissism scores (including two broad factors and seven traditional facets as measured by the NPI) were functionally equivalent across cultures, reliably associating with key sexual outcomes (e.g., more active pursuit of short-term mating, intimate partner violence, and sexual aggression) and sex-related personality traits (e.g., higher extraversion and openness to experience). Whereas some features of personality (e.g., subjective well-being) were universally associated with socially adaptive facets of Narcissism (e.g., self-sufficiency), most indicators of short-term mating (e.g., unrestricted sociosexuality and marital infidelity) were universally associated with the socially maladaptive facets of narcissism (e.g., exploitativeness). Discussion addresses limitations of these cross-culturally universal findings and presents suggestions for future research into revealing the precise psychological features of narcissism that facilitate the strategic pursuit of short-term mating.Estudios previos, en primer lugar a través de las muestras de culturas occidentales, han documentado asociaciones sistemáticas del narcisismo subclínico con múltiples indicadores de estrategias del emparejamiento a corto plazo (p. ej. sociosexualidad ilimitada, infidelidad, caza de pareja). En este estudio se han usado respuestas de la encuesta transcultural de 30.470 personas de 53 naciones de 11 regiones mundiales (América del Norte, América del Sur/América Central, Europa del Norte, Europa del Oeste, Europa del Este, Europa del Sur, Oriente Próximo, África, Asia del Sur/Sudoeste de Asia, Asia del Este y Oceanía) para evaluar si el narcisismo (medido por el Inventario de Personalidad Narcisista; NPI) se asocia panuniversalmente con los indicadores del emparejamiento a corto plazo, tanto en la dirección, como en la intensidad. Los resultados sugieren que el narcisismo (incluidos muchos aspectos suyos medidos por el NPI) tiene las mismas asociaciones básicas con los rasgos de personalidad relacionados con el sexo (p. ej. extraversión alta) y con los resultados sexuales claves (p. ej. búsqueda más activa de las estrategias del emparejamiento a corto plazo) a través de las 11 mayores regiones mundiales del PDSI 2. La discusión se enfoca en las implicaciones y limitaciones del estudio actual