Proteomic analysis of flowers at two developmental stages in Thermopsis turcica (Fabaceae)

Flower development is a complex physiological phenomenon that is affected by environmental stimuli and endogenous signals. Several molecular approaches have provided a comprehensive view of the physiological processes associated with flower development, but little is known about proteomic changes. Therefore, we investigated the proteomic alterations during flower development in endemic Thermopsis turcica (Vuralia turcica), an unusual legume species with 3–4 free carpels in a single flower. A comparative proteomic analysis to identify proteins involved in flower development was carried out in T. turcica. Alterations in proteomes of the flower buds and fully opened flowers were studied by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. A total of 66 proteins were differentially expressed during flower development. Among them, 32 protein spots were identified by mass spectrometry. Functional annotation of these flower proteins revealed their involvement in transcription and protein metabolism, energy and carbohydrate metabolisms, plant defense, cell walls, photosynthesis, secondary metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. Moreover, most of these proteins were downregulated at the later stage of flower development. Proteins involved in protein metabolism, sugar metabolism, and stress defense are regulated during flower development, suggesting that they have possible roles in developmental regulation. These results have given new insights into the proteome alterations during flower development

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Investigation Of Ventilation Parametres On Thermal Performance In Built-in Domestic Ovens

Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2010Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2010Ankastre fırınlar, tüketicilerin mutfak estetiğindeki eğilimleri nedeniyle, evsel elektrikli fırın pazarı içerisinde gün geçtikçe daha geniş oranda pay sahibi olmaktadır. Ankastre fırınlar, geleneksel serbest yerleşimli ocaklı fırınlardan farklı bir fırın havalandırma yapısına sahiptir. Başlıca kullanım sebebi komponent soğutulması olan bu havalandırma sistemi, fırın bacası ile de ilişki içerisindedir. Havalandırma sistemi ve baca arasındaki ilişki, bacadan atılan fırın içi hava miktarını ve özelliklerini etkilemekte, bu sebeple de fırının enerji tüketimi ve pişirme performansı üzerinde de etki sahibi olmaktadır. Teze konu olan çalışmada, bu havalandırma yapısında belirlenen bazı baskın parametrelerin fırın genel enerji performansına ve ısınma karakterine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Tezin gövdesini oluşturan incelemeler iki başlık altında toplanmıştır. Birinci başlık, 9630 PMI ve 24300 OIM ürün kodlu fırınlar üzerinde değişikliğe gidilmeden yapılan yapılan ısıl performans karşılaştırmalarından oluşmaktadır. Bu incelemelerden elde edilen değerlendrimeler, herhangi iki fırın arasında ortaya çıkan enerji tüketim karakteri farkının hangi açıdan sağlandığının ortaya çıkarılması hususunda ileride yapılacak çalışmalarda yol gösterici olacaktır. İkinci başlıkta, mekanik aksamlı 9630 PMI ürün kodlu fırının havalandırma parametrelerinde yapılan değişikliklerin fırın enerji performansında ve ısınma durumunda yol açtığı etkilere odaklanılmıştır. Yapılan değişiklikler kodlanarak bir deneysel tasarım metodolojisi kullanılmış ve çıkarılan sonuçlar farklı açılardan yorumlanmıştır. Son olarak, enerji değerlerinin açıklanmasında kullanılan standart regresyonel yaklaşım üzerinde belirsizlik analizi yapılarak elde edilen enerji tüketim verileri tekrarlanabilirlik ve karşılaştırılabilirlik açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Varolan standarttaki deney konrol aralıklarının doğruluk payı yüksek bulgulara ulaşabilmek açısından ne kadar iyi kısıtlar sunduğu tartışılmış ve termostatik çalışmanın standart sapma üzerindeki etkileri ortaya konmuştur.Depending on the evolving apprehension of consumers in kitchen design, built-in oven finds itself an increasing market share in domestic electrical oven sales. Most commonly, built-in oven ventilation systems differ from conventional free standing ovens. In this study, ventilation system parameters in built-in ovens which are considered to have markable impact on energy consumption and external compartment heating characteristics are experimentally investigated. The main body of the study is gathered under two sections. First one focuses on the comparison of thermal performances of two non-modified built-in domestic ovens possessing product codes: 9630 PMI and OIM 24300 B. The leading goal beyond this comparison is to determine the basic parameters affecting energy consumption (thermal resistance, thermal capacity, infiltration etc.) clearly, and distinctively from other effects. The evaluation of results from this section will guide and form a template for future studies about comparisons between ovens with different thermal characteristics. Second section focuses on the effects of modifications in ventilation parameters on thermal performance and external compartment heating for the oven with mechanichal control board (9630 PMI). At last section, uncertanity analyses is done for regressional energy consumption values. The main purpose on this analyses is to interpret results with respect to repeatability and comparability. Standarts are criticised regarding sufficiency of their restrictions in order to supply a reasonable standart deviation value.Yüksek LisansM.Sc

Potability and Hydrogeochemisty of the Sarma Stream Water, Duzce, Turkey

The Sarma Stream is located in Turkey, southwest of the town of Akcakoca in the Duzce Province. It was decided that the Sariyayla reservoir should be built on the Sarma Stream in order to address the water needs of Akcakoca. This research was conducted in the Sarma Stream basin to determine the effects of environmental and hydrological processes. Samples of rocks, soil, stream water, rain, snowmelt and bed and suspended sediment were collected in the Sarma Stream basin. Geochemical and water chemistry analyses of the samples were performed at the ALS Global laboratories in Canada. The sandstone, which is easily weathering and rich by clay minerals, and soil samples cause the Sarma Stream to flow muddy in rainy season. The kaolinite, illite, montmorillonite and clay minerals that type of chlorite is found in the bed and suspended sediments of the Sarma Stream. The water of the Sarma Stream is rich in calcium and bicarbonate, the water type is Ca-HCO3. Acid rain affects the dissolution of geological units and the abundance of principal ions. Some heavy metal and elements in the Sarma Stream basin waters exceed the drinking water limit values (e.g. Al, Fe, Mn, NH4 and NO3). Hence, water in the Sariyayla Reservoir should be treated