32 research outputs found
Synthesis of Graphene on Gold
Here we report chemical vapor deposition of graphene on gold surface at
ambient pressure. We studied effects of the growth temperature, pressure and
cooling process on the grown graphene layers. The Raman spectroscopy of the
samples reveals the essential properties of the graphene grown on gold surface.
In order to characterize the electrical properties of the grown graphene
layers, we have transferred them on insulating substrates and fabricated field
effect transistors. Owing to distinctive properties of gold, the ability to
grow graphene layers on gold surface could open new applications of graphene in
electrochemistry and spectroscopy.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure
Broadband Optical Modulators Based on Graphene Supercapacitors
Optical
modulators are commonly used in communication and information
technology to control intensity, phase, or polarization of light.
Electro-optic, electroabsorption, and acousto-optic modulators based
on semiconductors and compound semiconductors have been used to control
the intensity of light. Because of gate tunable optical properties,
graphene introduces new potentials for optical modulators. The operation
wavelength of graphene-based modulators, however, is limited to infrared
wavelengths due to inefficient gating schemes. Here, we report a broadband
optical modulator based on graphene supercapacitors formed by graphene
electrodes and electrolyte medium. The transparent supercapacitor
structure allows us to modulate optical transmission over a broad
range of wavelengths from 450 nm to 2 μm under ambient conditions.
We also provide various device geometries including multilayer graphene
electrodes and reflection type device geometries that provide modulation
of 35%. The graphene supercapacitor structure together with the high-modulation
efficiency can enable various active devices ranging from plasmonics
to optoelectronics
Electrically controlled terahertz spatial light modulators with graphene arrays
Gate-tunable high-mobility electrons on atomically thin graphene layers provide a unique opportunity to control electromagnetic waves in a very broad spectrum. In this paper, we describe an electrically-controlled multipixel terahertz light modulators. The spatial light modulator is fabricated using two large-area graphene layers grown by chemical vapor deposition and transferred on THz transparent and flexible substrates. Room temperature ionic liquid, inserted between the graphene, provides mutual gating between the graphene layers. We used passive matrix addressing to control local charge density thus the THz transmittance. With this device configuration, we were able to obtain 5x5 arrays of graphene modulator with 65% modulation between 0.1 to 1.5 THz
Highly Proton Conductive Phosphoric Acid–Nonionic Surfactant Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Mesophases and Application in Graphene Optical Modulators
Proton conducting gel electrolytes are very important components of clean energy devices. Phosphoric acid (PA, H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>·H<sub>2</sub>O) is one of the best proton conductors, but needs to be incorporated into some matrix for real device applications, such as into lyotropic liquid crystalline mesophases (LLCMs). Herein, we show that PA and nonionic surfactant (NS, C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>25</sub>(OCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>10</sub>OH, C<sub>12</sub>E<sub>10</sub>) molecules self-assemble into PANS–LLCMs and display high proton conductivity. The content of the PANS–LLCM can be as high 75% H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>·H<sub>2</sub>O and 25% 10-lauryl ether (C<sub>12</sub>H<sub>25</sub>(OCH<sub>2</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>10</sub>OH, C<sub>12</sub>E<sub>10</sub>), and the mesophase follows the usual LLC trend, bicontinuous cubic (V<sub>1</sub>)–normal hexagonal (H<sub>1</sub>)–micelle cubic (I<sub>1</sub>), by increasing the PA concentration in the media. The PANS–LLCMs are stable under ambient conditions, as well as at high (up to 130 °C) and low (−100 °C) temperatures with a high proton conductivity, in the range of 10<sup>–2</sup> to 10<sup>–6</sup> S/cm. The mesophase becomes a mesostructured solid with decent proton conductivity below −100 °C. The mesophase can be used in many applications as a proton-conducting media as well as a phosphate source for the synthesis of various metal phosphates. As an application, we demonstrate a graphene-based optical modulator using supercapacitor structure formed by graphene electrodes and a PANS electrolyte. A PANS–LLC electrolyte-based supercapacitor enables efficient optical modulation of graphene electrodes over a range of wavelengths, from 500 nm to 2 μm, under ambient conditions
Response to the letter to the editor by Dr Waldinger et al: Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium in Genetic PE Research Remains Critical to Avoid Misinterpretation
Kinematic analysis and palaeoseismology of the Edremit Fault Zone: evidence for past earthquakes in the southern branch of the North Anatolian Fault Zone, Biga Peninsula, NW Turkey
The Edremit Fault Zone (EFZ) forms one of the southern segments of the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ) at the northern margin of the Edremit Gulf (Biga Peninsula, South Marmara Region, Turkey). Stratigraphic, structural and kinematic results indicate that basinward younging of the fault zone, in terms of a rolling-hinge mechanism, has resulted in at least three discrete Miocene to Holocene deformational phases: the oldest one (Phase 1) directly related to the inactive Kazda Detachment Fault, which was formed under N-S trending pure extension; Phase 2 is characterised by a strike-slip stress condition, probably related to the progression of the NAFZ towards the Edremit area in the Plio-Quaternary; and Phase 3 is represented by the high-angle normal faulting, which is directly interrelated with the last movement of the EFZ. Our palaeoseismic studies on the EFZ revealed the occurrence of three past surface rupture events; the first one occurred before 13178 BC, a penultimate event that may correspond to either the 160 AD or 253 AD historical earthquakes, and the youngest one can be associated with the 6 October 1944 earthquake (M-w=6.8). These palaeoseismic data indicate that there is no systematic earthquake recurrence period on the EFZ
Age and Chemistry of Miocene Volcanic. Rocks from the Kiraz Basin of the Küçük Menderes Graben: Its Significance for the Extensional Tectonics of Southwestern Anatolia, Turkey'
Developing of a new scale for assessing the adherence to colchicine treatment in pediatric patients with FMF
Pres-Final-2204: Developing Of A New Scale For Assessing The Adherence To Colchicines Treatment In Pediatric Patients With Fmf
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