The urban area, a center of agrobiodiversity in the Negro River region (Amazonas, Brazil)?

Despite its isolation from land communications networks and colonization frontiers, the regions of the Upper and Middle Negro River are characterized by increasing connectivity between rural or forest areas, pertaining to communities, and urban areas, i.e. small towns along the river. Population movement between these two poles, on a temporary or permanent basis, results in expanded periurban agriculture, in the context of new social and ecological arrangements. A comparative approach is proposed to cultivated plants diversity, based on a sample of 14 and 18 families in these urban and forest contexts. Relations among the diversity of managed spaces, biological diversity and social networks involved in access to phytogenetic resources were analyzed. The analysis shows a recomposition of agricultural systems with high crop diversity, at times higher than in the context of forests, albeit subject to more system vulnerability due to reduced fallow periods and available manual labor. In urban areas, traditional agricultural resource management strategies are combined with another objective, farmed lands access. This analysis also points out the need for reflection about the conservation of a biocultural heritage

ROLE DES DYNAMIQUES SPATIO-TEMPORELLES DANS LA CONSERVATION DE L'AGROBIODIVERSITE DES SYSTEMES AGRICOLES AMERINDIENS DU BAS RIO NEGRO (AMAZONAS, BRESIL)

International audienceIn Amazonia, shifting cultivation is the main farming system, and it is practiced in heterogeneous environments and with different degrees of sustainability. In the lower Rio Negro (Amazonas, Brasil), nearby the city of Manaus, the complex swidden-fallow systems need adaptations to cope with the lack of land rights and of labor force, wich is due to rural-urban mobility, extractivism, schooling and turism. We analyze the innovations developed by indigenous people in order to maintain their production and the flexibility of their agricultural system, by conserving agrobiodiversity and influencing the spatiotemporal dynamics of their cultivated areas within these permanent instability conditions

Видавничі функції Науково-консультаційної ради Народного комісаріату земельних справ УСРР

У статті висвітлено видавничі функції Науково-консультаційної ради НКЗС УСРР (1927-1930 рр.), а саме, коротко розглянуті наукові видання, де друкувалися матеріали учених та організаторів сільськогосподарської науки того часу.В статье рассмотрены издательские функции Научно-консультационного совета НКНД УССР (1927-1930 гг.), а именно, коротко представлены научные издания, где печатались материалы ученых и организаторов сельскохозяйственного опытного дела того времени.The publishing functions of Scientific consultative council of the Public commissariat of agriculture of USSR in 1927–1930 are considered in the article, namely, briefly presented scientific journals, where printed materials scientists and organizers of agricultural experimental work at the time

In memoriam Dominique Buchillet : un engagement scientifique et politique

C’est par le Brésil que la nouvelle de la disparition de Dominique, le 9 juin 2018, est arrivée. Décédée à Brest, après de nombreuses années passées au Brésil suivies de plusieurs séjours en Asie, sa retraite bretonne a été trop courte pour réaliser son nouveau projet de vie qui mêlait poursuite de ses recherches, publications et écoute de l’océan. Son dernier article paraît quelques mois avant sa disparition. Le parcours universitaire de Dominique s’ancre à Nanterre : un Diplôme d’études uni..

Redes E Observatórios Da Agrobiodiversidade, Como E Para Quem? Uma Abordagem Exploratória Na Região De Cruzeiro Do Sul, Acre

The diversity of cultivated plants that are selected and preserved by traditional farmers attracts local and national interest, and constitutes an important biological and cultural heritage. In the case of the Amazon, besides the existence of a great set of data on agrobiodiversity, the wide range of methods hampers a synthetic view of its dynamics. To understand this, it is essential to have a monitoring system in the long term in specific sites, or to build observatories and indicators to be shared among local populations, researchers and public policy makers. As an example, we propose an exploratory approach to the agrobiodiversity managed by 52 farmers in two communities of the Cruzeiro do Sul region (Acre), from a qualitative (based on the local names of plants) and quantitative approach (based on the measure of richness). The amplitude of the richness is of 338 cultivated plants, mainly landraces, with a high frequency of species or varieties present in only one or two farmers plots. The structure of this diversity is characterized by the presence of a nested pattern, with a core of plants with greater cohesion.11115919

Artificial Intelligence for Ovarian Stimulation

Ovarian stimulation, the basis of treatment strategies for infertility, from anovulation to in vitro fertilization, is a highly efficient therapeutic procedure. The stimulation should ensure a complete development of the follicle(s) along with maturation of the oocyte(s), all without risking hyperstimulation and multiple pregnancies. For these reasons, a stimulation protocol should be personalized, and its evolution must be continually scrutinized using measures of both blood hormone levels and ovarian responses by ultrasound. Essentially all of the stimulation algorithms proposed to date focus only on determination of the starting dose of gonadotropin. But ovarian stimulation should be continually monitored until the final decision is made to trigger or to abort the cycle. This decision can be achieved through use of an experience-based computer software system that monitors menstrual cycles through a beginning pregnancy. This software (StimXpert®) should work effectively with a classical stimulation as well as a controlled hyperstimulation for IVF. It may also be modified from experience-based to evidence-based programming through progressive learning