72 research outputs found
Examining the role of affective states in relation to exercise intentions and participation in extra-curricular exercise classes at university: A repeated measurement observational study
Background: Previous research has shown evidence on the role of affective
states for physical activity behavior. However, there is a lack of research
investigating the interplay between affective states, intentions, and exercise
behavior, especially with respect to maintaining regular exercise over time. The
study aimed to investigate whether post-exercise affective states and changes
in affect during exercise (i) are related to exercise intentions; (ii) moderate the
relationship between intention and subsequent exercise behavior, and (iii)
directly predict future exercise.
Methods: Participants from weekly voluntary sports and gym classes at two
universities were recruited. For 13 weeks, 268 individuals’ (Mage = 24.5 years,
SD = 5.6, 90% students, 67.4% female) class attendance was documented on a
weekly basis. Before and immediately after training, participants self-reported
affective states, including affective valence (Feeling Scale) and perceived
arousal (Felt Arousal Scale). Participants also reported their intention to re attend the class the following week. Mixed-effect linear models and Cox
proportional hazard models were used to examine the relationships between
affective states, change in affective states, re-attendance intentions, and class
re-attention.
Results: Affective valence at the end of training was significantly positively
associated with the intention to re-attend the class on the within-person level
(β = 0.880, p < 0.001) as well as the between-person level (β = 0.831, p < 0.001),
while higher increases of valence during class were related to smaller
intention. For class re-attendance, significant effects of affective states were
only found on the within-person level. A one-point increase on the valence
scale increased the hazard ratio to re-attend by 8.4% (p < 0.05), but this effect was no longer meaningful after adjusting for intention. No moderation of
the relationship between intention and subsequent class re-attendance was
found.
Conclusion: The results suggest that positive affective state immediately after
exercise does not facilitate translation of intentions into subsequent exercise
behavior (i.e., do not close the intention-behavior gap). Rather, affective
valence was found to be an important predictor of exercise intentions but
seemed indirectly related to behavior via intentions. Practitioners should plan
exercise programs that allow for positive affective states especially at the end
of a training
Individual and school level correlates of moderate to vigorous physical activity among school-children in Germany - a multi-level analysis
Czerwinski F, Finne E, Kolip P, Bucksch J. Individual and school level correlates of moderate to vigorous physical activity among school-children in Germany - a multi-level analysis. BMC Public Health. 2015;15(1): 393.Background
Young people spend half of their days in school, but evidence concerning the influence of school environment on the physical activity (PA) of pupils is still inconsistent. A better understanding of potential correlates of PA on the school-level and their possible interaction with individual aspects is needed to improve the development of more effective interventions.
Methods
We used data from the 2009/10 German Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study (HBSC)-sample (n=5,005 students aged 11–15 years) including self-reported moderate to vigorous intensity PA as well as a variety of biological, demographic and behavioral correlates and matched them with school-level data from the national school principals’ HBSC questionnaire. We analyzed the associations of individual- and school-level correlates with MVPA by gender-specific multi-level regression.
Results
Only a small share of the overall variation in student’s PA was attributable to the school-level. Consequently, the associations of individual-level correlates with PA were stronger than those of the school-level. Our analysis revealed significant associations of individual-level (i.e. age, consumption of softdrinks, overweight) as well as school-level correlates (i.e. the availability of a football ground and a swimming pool) with MVPA. We also observed some gender-specific findings especially for the school level correlates. Cross-level interactions between individual- and school-level were not apparent.
Conclusions
Our findings indicate the usefulness of applying an ecological framework to understand and explain complex health behaviors like PA. As we found gender-specific association it might be important to acknowledge that boys and girls have specific needs to be more physically active. Further research should also take other features/elements of the school environment and neighborhood as well as socio-cognitive correlates into account to advance the field
The 2017/18 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study – Methodology of the World Health Organization’s child and adolescent health study
The Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study is an international research project in collaboration with
the World Health Organization (WHO) for over 35 years. HBSC is the largest study on child and adolescent health and
one of the most important sources of data for the WHO’s international comparative health monitoring. Every four years,
data on the health and health behaviour of students aged 11, 13 and 15, as well as the social contexts and conditions for
growing up healthy, are collected. A total of 50 countries belong to the HBSC network, with 45 countries taking part in
the 2017/18 survey. Germany has contributed to the HBSC surveys since 1993/94. For the most recent 2017/18 cycle,
students at 146 schools in Germany were interviewed (response rate of schools: 15.6%). A net sample of n = 4,347 girls
and boys was achieved for Germany (response rate: 52.7%). Participation was voluntary and the survey was conducted
in German school years five, seven and nine (corresponding to ages 11, 13 and 15). A weighting procedure was applied
to allow for representative findings on the health of children and adolescents in Germany. HBSC offers a valuable
contribution to health monitoring and provides numerous starting points to identify needs, risk groups and fields of
action to initiate targeted and actual needs-based measures of prevention and health promotion in the school setting
The Effect of Human Factor H on Immunogenicity of Meningococcal Native Outer Membrane Vesicle Vaccines with Over-Expressed Factor H Binding Protein
The binding of human complement inhibitors to vaccine antigens in vivo could diminish their immunogenicity. A meningococcal ligand for the complement down-regulator, factor H (fH), is fH-binding protein (fHbp), which is specific for human fH. Vaccines containing recombinant fHbp or native outer membrane vesicles (NOMV) from mutant strains with over-expressed fHbp are in clinical development. In a previous study in transgenic mice, the presence of human fH impaired the immunogenicity of a recombinant fHbp vaccine. In the present study, we prepared two NOMV vaccines from mutant group B strains with over-expressed wild-type fHbp or an R41S mutant fHbp with no detectable fH binding. In wild-type mice in which mouse fH did not bind to fHbp in either vaccine, the NOMV vaccine with wild-type fHbp elicited 2-fold higher serum IgG anti-fHbp titers (P = 0.001) and 4-fold higher complement-mediated bactericidal titers against a PorA-heterologous strain than the NOMV with the mutant fHbp (P = 0.003). By adsorption, the bactericidal antibodies were shown to be directed at fHbp. In transgenic mice in which human fH bound to the wild-type fHbp but not to the R41S fHbp, the NOMV vaccine with the mutant fHbp elicited 5-fold higher serum IgG anti-fHbp titers (P = 0.002), and 19-fold higher bactericidal titers than the NOMV vaccine with wild-type fHbp (P = 0.001). Thus, in mice that differed only by the presence of human fH, the respective results with the two vaccines were opposite. The enhanced bactericidal activity elicited by the mutant fHbp vaccine in the presence of human fH far outweighed the loss of immunogenicity of the mutant protein in wild-type animals. Engineering fHbp not to bind to its cognate complement inhibitor, therefore, may increase vaccine immunogenicity in humans
Standardisierte Befragungen in Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung
Finne E. Standardisierte Befragungen in Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung. In: Niederberger M, Finne E, eds. Forschungsmethoden in der Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden; 2021: 269-304
Forschungsmethoden in der Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention. Eine Einführung
Niederberger M, Finne E. Forschungsmethoden in der Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention. Eine Einführung. In: Niederberger M, Finne E, eds. Forschungsmethoden in der Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden; 2021: 3-34
Gender role orientation and body satisfaction during adolescence – Cross-sectional results of the 2017/18 HBSC study
During adolescence both sexes experience a loss of body satisfaction, whereby the effect is greater among girls.
Coming to terms with gender roles is an important step in the development of a person’s identity. Traditional gender
roles tend to emphasise certain physical attributes: attractiveness in women, and strength and dominance in men.
This article analyses associations between a traditional gender role orientation and body satisfaction during adolescence
based on logistic regression models and using data taken from the 2017/18 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children
(HBSC) study (n=1,912 girls, n=1,689 boys).
The results show an overall high degree of body satisfaction, with girls scoring lower than boys. Role preconceptions
were mostly not traditional, with boys being slightly more traditional than girls. In both sexes, a more traditional
role orientation was accompanied by lower levels of body satisfaction; in boys, this effect was seen to decrease with
age.
The stereotypical features of role preconceptions are examined as a possible explanation for these differences. An
alternative explanation posits that an egalitarian role orientation (i.e. one based on the principle of equality) creates
a more tolerant environment with greater social support, which could foster a greater sense of self-acceptance.
These results indicate that questioning traditional preconceptions of gender roles during adolescence may help
prevent problems related to body image in both sexes
Schriftliche Befragungen von Grundschulkindern. Zu den methodischen Herausforderungen der UN-Kinderrechtskonvention
Kolip P, Finne E. Schriftliche Befragungen von Grundschulkindern. Zu den methodischen Herausforderungen der UN-Kinderrechtskonvention. Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung. 2018;13(3):248-253
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