Local Justice Reinvestment Pilot: Final process evaluation report

This is the final report of the process evaluation of the Local Justice Reinvestment pilot commissioned by the Ministry of Justice. The pilot aimed to: test the premise that there were significant potential reductions in crime and reoffending to be made by partners working more effectively together at the local level; understand the extent to which local partners were incentivised to change their behaviours; and test a concept from which evidence could be generated to inform the development of policy on widening the use of Payment by Results, local partnership working and local commissioning decisions The report summarises the governance arrangements at each of the sites, outlines the interventions implemented by the sites during the pilot, summarises how the reward payment from year one was allocated and examines other initiatives that may have impacted on the pilot. It identifies the strengths and challenges in the implementation of the pilot. examines the performance of the sites against the metrics and identifies factors that may have contributed to the results. It outlines the main conclusions and implications for policy based on the lessons learned from both years of the pilot

Transition to Adulthood Pathway Programme Evaluation: First interim report

This report presents research findings focussed on the development, set-up and early implementation of the Transition to Adulthood Pathway Programme, examining the effectiveness of the processes and partnership arrangements used to deliver the approach within each project site

A VICTIM IS A VICTIM IS A VICTIM?: Chronic Victimization in Four Sweeps of the British Crime Survey

This paper builds on previous work which identified the importance of multiple victimization in determining crime rates. Using the first four sweeps of the British Crime Survey, patterns of property and personal crime victimization are investigated, and the interdependence of incidents is established: the probability of a further victimization increases with each subsequent victimization. A comparison is made between the observed distribution, and a hypothetical distribution which assumes that crime incidents are randomly distributed throughout the population. Given the extent of concentration of incidents amongst a small number of chronic victims, recommendations are made for the way official crime statistics are recorded

Of targets and supertargets: A routine activity theory of high crime rates

Empirical work has shown that high crime areas have disproportionate amounts of repeat victimisation. However, there is inadequate theoretical explanation. As a move towards a theory we consider a mathematical model of crime rates grounded in routine activity theory. Using the binomial distribution, victimisation is measured as a series of Bernoulli trials, with crime measured for each of incidence (crimes per capita), prevalence (victims per capita), and concentration (crimes per victim). The model is then revised so that a proportion of targets progress to become chronically victimised 'supertargets'. The notion of supertargets is introduced to refer to the 3 or 4 percent of chronically victimised targets that account for around 40 percent of victimisation. We demonstrate theory-testing relating to crime requires the inclusion of the crime concentration rate to incorporate repeat victimisation and indicate how mathematical modelling may, in turn, illuminate the crime concentration predictions of routine activity theory