ISOFLAVONAS: BIOQUÍMICA, FISIOLOGIA E IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A SAÚDE

Efetuou-se revisão de literatura sobre os recentes progressos na pesquisa com isoflavonas, abordando os principais aspectos da bioquímica e fisiologia desses compostos, além de destacar seus efeitos para a saúde. Diversos estudos apontam para a capacidade das isoflavonas em prevenir e/ou tratar doenças crônicodegenerativas como a osteoporose, câncer e doenças coronarianas, entre outras. No entanto, diversas questões ainda devem ser respondidas e novos estudos (com animais e humanos) necessitam ser realizados a fim de esclarecer seu verdadeiro mecanismo de ação, bem como os benefícios das isoflavonas para o organismo

Beneficial effects of fermented vegetal beverages on human gastrointestinal microbial ecosystem in a simulator

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of four beverage formulations (prebiotic - fructooligosaccharide, probiotic - Lactobacillus casei Lc-01, synbiotic - fructooligosaccharide and L. casei Lc-01 and placebo) based on aqueous extracts of soy and quinoa, towards the human intestinal microbiota using the Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME (R)), a dynamic model of the human gut. To monitor the effects on microbial community composition, plate counts on specific growth media and a PCR-DGGE analysis were performed on samples from all colon compartments - ascending, transverse and descending. To verify the effects on microbial metabolism, we analyzed the ammonium and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations. The synbiotic beverage showed the best microbiological results in the ascending colon compartment, stimulating the growth of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp., and reducing Clostridium spp., Bacteroides spp., enterobacteria and Enterococcus spp. populations in this compartment. A larger reduction (p < 0.05) of ammonia ions in the ascending colon was observed during the synbiotic beverage treatment. No statistical difference was observed in SCFA production among the treatments and the basal period. Plate count and DGGE analysis showed the survival of L. casei Lc-01 in the colon. DGGE analysis also showed higher richness and diversity of the Lactobacillus spp. community during the treatment with synbiotic beverage, with higher accentuation in the ascending colon. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

A construção das personagens em The Zoo Story: uma abordagem sistêmico-funcional

Este trabalho busca mostrar como se dá a interação das personagens Peter e Jerry na peça The Zoo Story, de Edward Albee, tomando como aporte teórico a linguística sistêmico-funcional. Foram analisadas e quantificadas as trocas de informação e de bens e serviços e do recurso à modalidade nas falas das personagens, bem como dos tipos de processo associados a cada uma nas rubricas do texto, de modo a observar como se deu a construção dessas personagens e a dinâmica de sua interação ao longo da peça. A contabilização das funções atribuídas ao Finito mostrou que as personagens deram primazia a localizar aquilo que expressavam no tempo e no espaço; no entanto, os casos de modalidade e de modalização e modulação elucidaram um forte contraste na personalidade de ambas, reflexo de suas diferentes condições socioeconômicas. Finalmente, as manifestações das personagens no plano físico, através da quantificação dos tipos de processos associados a elas, serviram para mostrar as atitudes de cada uma com relação a sua contraparte, atitudes essas nem sempre manifestadas verbalmente, daí a utilidade de observar os processos que guiam as rubricas do texto. Este trabalho busca elucidar algumas propriedades das metafunções experiencial e interpessoal da LSF e mostrar como ela pode ser aplicada à análise do texto literário, revelando aspectos não somente formais do texto, mas também a maneira como as personagens são construídas em relação umas às outras.This paper seeks to show how the interaction between the characters Peter and Jerry takes place in the play The Zoo Story, by Edward Albee, taking systemic-functional linguistics as a theoretical contribution. The exchanges of information and goods and services and the use of modality in the characters’ dialogues were analyzed and quantified, as well as the types of process associated with each one in the performance rubrics, in order to observe the construction of these characters and the dynamics of their interaction throughout the play. The accounting of the functions attributed to Finite showed that the characters gave priority to locating what they expressed in time and space; however, modality and modulation cases elucidated a strong contrast in the personality of both, reflecting their different socioeconomic conditions. Finally, the physical manifestations of the, through the quantification of the types of processes associated with them, served to show the attitudes of each one in relation to their counterpart, attitudes not always manifested verbally, hence the utility of observing the processes that guide the text rubrics. This paper seeks to elucidate some properties of the experiential and interpersonal metafunctions and to show how they can be applied to the analysis of the literary text, revealing not only formal aspects of the text but also the way the characters are constructed in relation to one another.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Calcium intake and osteoporosis <br> O consumo de cálcio e a osteoporose

Osteoporosis is characterized by the reduction of bone mass and damage of the microarchitecture of bone tissue, with a consequent increase of bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. In women, osteoporosis is associated with menopause, as the reduction of estrogens accelerates bone loss. Apart from the hormonal component, this illness can have other causes, amongst them: mechanical, genetic and nutritional. One of the nutritional components of great importance is calcium. About 99% of the corporeal calcium content is found in the skeleton, conferring rigidity and being a readily available source for the maintenance of the normal levels of plasma calcium concentration. Therefore, calcium is the most studied nutrient in the area of bone health and it is considered important for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Some studies have shown a positive relation between calcium supplementation and reduction of bone loss in postmenopausal women. However, some doubts concerning this effect still persist. The objective of this work is to revise the relation between calcium intake and bone health, focusing on osteoporosis prevention and/or treatment in women.   A osteoporose é caracterizada pela redução de massa óssea e prejuízo da microarquitetura do tecido ósseo, com um conseqüente aumento da fragilidade óssea e susceptibilidade à fratura. Nas mulheres, a osteoporose está associada à menopausa, uma vez que a diminuição de estrógenos acelera a perda óssea. Além do componente hormonal, essa doença pode apresentar outras causas, dentre elas: mecânicas, genéticas e nutricionais. Um dos componentes nutricionais de grande importância é o cálcio. Cerca de 99% do conteúdo de cálcio corpóreo se encontra no esqueleto, conferindo rigidez, e representando uma fonte prontamente disponível para a manutenção dos níveis normais de sua concentração plasmática. Por essa razão, o cálcio é o nutriente mais estudado na área de saúde óssea e é considerado importante na prevenção e tratamento da osteoporose. Vários estudos têm mostrado uma relação positiva entre a suplementação da dieta com cálcio e a redução da perda óssea em mulheres na pós-menopausa. Todavia, algumas dúvidas com relação a esse efeito ainda persistem. Dessa forma, esse trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão sobre a relação entre consumo de cálcio e a saúde óssea, dando enfoque para a prevenção e/ou tratamento da osteoporose em mulheres

&lt;b&gt;SOY YOGURT FORTIFIED WITH IRON AND CALCIUM: STABILITY DURING THE STORAGE&lt;/b&gt;

&lt;p align="justify"&gt; The objective of this study was to prepare a soy yogurt, fortifi ed with microencapsulated FeSO4.7H2O (12mg of iron/l) and calcium citrate (600mg of calcium/l), and evaluate the stability of the fi nal product during the storage at 10°C. The soy yogurt without addition of iron and calcium was used as control. Analysis of these samples was done once a week, during 28 days, for: pH, titratable acidity, rheological properties (viscosity and consistency), sensory characteristics (acceptance test) and enumeration of viable cells (L. delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus). The pH, titratable acidity, viscosity, consistency and acceptance test data were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey’s test. During the storage was observed a decrease in the pH and increase in the titratable acidity, due to the lactic cultures to be continue viable (107CFU/g) in the product. The fortifi ed yogurt exhibited lower viscosity, but this parameter did not change signifi cantly (p0,05) during the storage time. The acceptance test results showed that the control and fortifi ed samples did not exhibit signifi cant differences (p0,05), during the studied period, in relation to the all sensory attributes evaluated. In conclusion, the present work enabled the development of a iron and calcium fortifi ed soy yogurt, stable during 28 days at 10°C, that could be used in the prevention and control of mineral defi ciencies in general population. &lt;/p&gt

Impact of inulin and okara on Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12 viability in a fermented soy product and probiotic survival under in vitro simulated gastrointestinal conditions

The effect of inulin and/or okara flour on Lactobacillus acidophilus La-5 and Bifidobacterium animalis Bb-12 viability in a fermented soy product (FSP) and on probiotic survival under in vitro simulated gastrointestinal conditions were investigated throughout 28 days of storage at 4 °C. Employing a 22 design, four FSP trials were produced from soymilk fermented with ABT-4 culture (La-5, Bb-12, and Streptococcus thermophilus): FSP (control); FSP-I (with inulin, 3 g/100 mL of soymilk); FSP-O (with okara, 5 g/100 mL); FSP-IO (with inulin + okara, ratio 3:5 g/100 mL). Probiotic viabilities ranged from 8 to 9 log cfu/g during the 28 days of storage, and inulin and/or okara flour did not affect the viability of La-5 and Bb-12. Bb-12 resistance to the artificial gastrointestinal juices was higher than for La-5, since the Bb-12 and La-5 populations decreased approximately 0.6 log cfu/g and 3.8 log cfu/g, respectively, throughout storage period. Even though the protective effect of inulin and/or okara flour on probiotic microorganisms was not significant, when compared to a fresh culture, the FSP matrix improved Bb-12 survival on day 1 of storage and may be considered a good vehicle for Bb-12 and could play an important role in probiotic protection against gastrointestinal juices. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd

<title language="spa">Efeito de diferentes sais de ferro sobre as características sensoriais do "iogurte" de soja

O "iogurte" de soja foi utilizado como alimento veículo neste estudo por apresentar boas características nutricionais e terapêuticas, aliadas a um baixo custo. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo a obtenção de um produto enriquecido com 12mg de ferro elementar por litro, que apresentasse características tecnológicas e sensoriais adequadas. Foram testadas quatro fontes de ferro: FeSO4.7H2O, NaFeEDTA, Ferrochel® e FeSO 4.7H 2O microencapsulado. Os produtos foram avaliados quanto ao tempo de fermentação, pH, acidez titulável, viscosidade, consistência, concentração de ferro e propriedades sensoriais (testes de diferença do controle e aceitação).As medidas de viscosidade e consistência foram analisadas por análise de variância e teste de médias de Tukey. Os dados obtidos no teste de diferença do controle foram avaliados por análise de variância e teste de médias de Dunnett e os do teste de aceitação por análise de variância e teste de médias de Tukey. Com relação aos sais de ferro utilizados no processo de enriquecimento, somente o FeSO4.7H2O, teve a sua utilização comprometida por conferir características sensoriais desagradáveis ao produto. As demais formas testadas (FeNaEDTA, Ferrochel® e FeSO4.7H2O microencapsulado) mostraram-se viáveis para o processo de enriquecimento, pois não causaram alterações significativas no tempo de fermentação, acidez titulável e nas propriedades reológicas e sensoriais do "iogurte" de sojaEffect of iron salts addition on the sensory characteristics of soy yogurt. The soy- yogurt was used as food vehicle due to its therapeutic and nutritional properties and lower cost. The aim of this work was to develop an enriched soy-yogurt with 12 mg of elementary iron/l, with suitable sensory and technological properties. Four iron sources were tested: FeSO4. 7H2O, NaFeEDTA, Ferrochel® and microencapsulated FeSO4.7H2O. The products were evaluated by fermentation time, pH, titratable acidity, viscosity, consistency, iron concentration and sensory properties (difference from the control and acceptance tests). Viscosity and consistency data were submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey’s test. Difference from the control data was evaluated by analysis of variance and Dunnett’s test and the acceptance test was evaluated by analysis of variance and Tukey’s test. For all iron salts used in the enrichment process, only the FeSO4.7H2O did not work out because of the undesirable sensorial characteristics of the final products. The others sources used in the enrichment process (NaFeEDTA, Ferrochel® and microencapsulated FeSO4.7H2O) did not alter the fermentation time, titratable acidity and sensory and recologics properties of the soy-yogur