The role of exercise in the well-being of people with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus : perceptions of patients and health professionals

Results from the clinic support, encouragement and advice section showed an overwhelming patient perception of a very poor service from their health professionals as far as exercise was concerned. Hospital b showed consistently higher scores than the other three clinics but still only half of the respondents gave a positive impression of exercise advice and support. Over 2/3 of all respondents reported a preference for an exercise advisor at their clinic. In order to obtain a balanced picture, it was necessary to check the perceptions of the health professionals against those of the patients as research has shown that patients may believe they have not been given information from their doctors and nurses even when they have been, due to the stressful situation of hospital visits. Study 3 was designed to produce information about health professionals' real views and behaviours towards exercise both for themselves and for their patients. The methodology employed was that of focus groups which were taped, transcribed and analysed using qualitative and quantitative methods. It was clear from the results that the patients' perceptions of an inferior exercise education programme from the clinics was accurate. The health professionals freely admitted that exercise had been put last on the agenda, largely because the health professionals themselves did not understand or have knowledge of the possible protective value that exercise could have for their patients' cardiovascular, stress-reactivity and psychological well-being systems. There is a clear need for a large scale randomised control trial with long term follow up on the physiological and psychological benefits of exercise for people with insulin dependent diabetes

Alice Brown, the last of the New England local color writers

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston UniversityTherefore the local color story found quick reception after the Civil War by writers who used this medium to keep alive the sectional appeal aroused by the war. The South as it struggled back to its feet, the West as it beckoned to the restless young nen, the East as it lost its hitherto firm grip on the economic and political affairs of the country, all offered excellent material for stories of locale. And while other writers were intent upon depicting their particular territory, Miss Brown and her New England colleagues in the short story field drew upon the vast reservoir of the northeastern section of the country for their tales. The people about whom they wove their stories had been subjected to environmental circumstances that left an indelible mark on their souls. The warped, twisted lives that are seen in these stories of Miss Jewett, Mrs. Freeman, and in modification in those of Miss Brown, are not purely imaginary; they are the result of personal observation on the part of these three women vho had lived among such people, who had taken part in their daily routine, and who, most important of all, sympathized with them in their blighted lives, and tried to interpret their eccentricities to readers to whom such people and such mannerisms were alien

The Relationship Between Physical Development, Movement and Children's Learning

Moyles, J. et. al., Beginning Teaching, Beginning Learning: In Early Years and Primary Education, © 2017 Reproduced with the kind permission of Open International Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved

Relationship Management in Intercultural Business Emails

While relational networks have been an important part of much research into human interaction since at least the 1980s, there has been little research into network creation and decay, with much research simply creating a snapshot of an established network. Additionally, only a small number of studies have portrayed networks as dynamic and changing, instead viewing ties as binary, either strong or weak, but not something in between. This thesis addresses both these problems using intercultural business email data to map relationships from the first introduction of two parties, to eventual decay, including stages of change along the way. A comprehensive model of dynamic relational networks is also presented, adding significant detail to the descriptions presented by prior studies and presenting the idea graphically for the first time. The thesis uses a corpus of 1072 emails sent between a sole trader and 19 of her clients. Initially, an exploratory data analysis is conducted to present some of the structural and statistical aspects of the data. Then, using an inductive qualitative research process, tie creation is examined looking at how relationships are initiated and begin to progress. How strong functional ties are developed is then examined through linguistic strategies such as self-disclosures, multimedia sharing, and paying compliments. A systematic analysis of the usage of CMC (computer mediated communication) cues for relational work is given particular attention. The maintenance of weak ties is also examined, including using politic behaviour, adherence to one’s line, and recipient design. Tie decay, an under-explored area, is also analysed by describing how language differs before and after a break in contact, how a relationship can be destabilised and (possibly) repaired, or how it may become dysfunctional. It is found that traits put forward by prior studies categorising relationships as strong, e.g. homophily, time dedication and trust, can be exemplified through linguistic elements in those relationships which are moving towards being strong (and, importantly, functional i.e. friendly, rather than dysfunctional, i.e. bullying). The thesis also shows how in all the business relationships presented, there is some amount of relational communication, which is important for ensuring a smooth business relationship

The Transcultural Curator: Translating Networked Curatorial Practices in the Chinese Context since 1980

Initiated from discussions of key curators and exhibitions at the end of the Cultural Revolution, this thesis explores cultural translation through networked curatorial practices in the Chinese context since 1980. In response to increasing local (Chinese) to global (international) exchange, termed as ‘glocal’, I examine different curatorial practices and strategies used to translate exhibitions of avant-garde and contemporary Chinese art towards the development and definition of the role of the transcultural curator. A framework for translation is developed from Homi K. Bhabha’s three-tiered, postcolonial methodology of ‘Third Space’ in parallel with Ray Oldenburg’s theory of third place, whilst rooted in the development of social and cultural networks within Fei Xiaotong’s concept of Chineseness. From these perspectives, it is argued that guanxi self-reflexively provides a basis through which networked curatorial practices can be understood. As a non-Chinese curator and researcher, this thesis is crucially informed by a practice-led component to the research methodology. Responding to China’s unique moment of “museumification”, I establish The Temporary to actively and explicitly reflect on my curatorial practice in relation to research findings. This platform functions as a site of “research curating” (based on the construction of networks of practice) and “curating research” (mapping the action archive), to test and evaluate curatorial strategies, whilst revealing a new internal logic of cultural translation in the Chinese context. This nexus of research explored through theory, concept and practice aims to create a unique set of definitions and arguments to define the role of the transcultural curator. In turn, it presents a series of considerations to be implemented when curating exhibitions of contemporary Chinese art in an international context whilst contributing to the ongoing debate in the field

Teachers’ views on recognising and using home languages in predominantly monolingual primary schools.

The use of home languages has previously been advocated in highly multilingual UK classrooms (e.g. Conteh, 2007; Kenner et al., 2008; McGilp, 2014). However, drawing on the home languages and cultural insight of children who use English as an Additional Language (EAL) may also have important social and academic benefits in contexts where monolingualism is the norm. Conducted in a small local authority in England with low numbers of children who use EAL, this study investigated a) primary teachers’ views on implementing language awareness activities, using pupils who speak languages other than English as a linguistic and cultural resource, via interviews and questionnaires and b) the amount and nature of references made to home languages during classroom observations. Although the teachers did not refer to or use home languages on a day-to-day basis, they generally showed willingness to consider implementing certain activities which incorporated them. However, largely, the teachers had not previously contemplated such practice. They did not reference any academic benefits to promoting linguistic diversity but were more aware of the potential social benefits. They also lacked confidence in particular areas (e.g. linguistic knowledge) as well as showing a strong awareness of issues such as the importance of English

The Last Mile and the Next Day:The changing times and spaces of shopping – implications for energy demand

There are many forms of shopping and all have consequences for the movement of goods and people, and for the patterns of energy demand that follow. In bringing different aspects of DEMAND research together we make three key points. First, different modes of shopping affect the practices and energy demands of consumers and of retailers, distributors and producers alike. Second, patterns of energy and travel demand vary depending on how aspects of shopping are organised in time and space. However, our third point is that different forms of shopping co-exist, overlap and change. Rather than trying to compare the energy demands of physical vs online shopping, as if these were coherent forms, the more important task is to explain escalating expectations of delivery and of what shopping entails. For all forms, what matters is how the ‘last mile’ is organised and why the ‘next day’ is so significant. In developing these points our aim is to inform and promote further research and reflection on the travel and energy demands associated with shopping in all its forms

A Novel Approach to Constrain the Escape Fraction and Dust Content at High Redshift Using the Cosmic Infrared Background Fractional Anisotropy

The Cosmic Infrared Background (CIB) provides an opportunity to constrain many properties of the high redshift (z>6) stellar population as a whole. This background, specifically, from 1 to 200 microns, will contain any information about the era of reionization and the stars responsible for producing these ionizing photons. In this paper, we look at the fractional anisotropy delta I/I of this high redshift population, which is the ratio of the magnitude of the fluctuations (delta I) and the mean intensity (I). We show that this can be used to constrain the escape fraction of the population as a whole. The magnitude of the fluctuations of the CIB depend on the escape fraction, while the mean intensity does not. This results in lower values of the escape fraction producing higher values of the fractional anisotropy. This difference is predicted to be larger at the longer wavelengths bands (above 10 microns), albeit it is also much harder to observe in that range. We show that the fractional anisotropy can also be used to separate a dusty from a dust-free population. Finally, we discuss the constraints provided by current observations on the CIB fractional anisotropy.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted to ApJ, some clarifications added, matches accepted versio

Meta-analysis of drug-related deaths soon after release from prison

Aims The transition from prison back into the community is particularly hazardous for drug-using offenders whose tolerance for heroin has been reduced by imprisonment. Studies have indicated an increased risk of drug-related death soon after release from prison, particularly in the first 2 weeks. For precise, up-to-date understanding of these risks, a meta-analysis was conducted on the risk of drug-related death in weeks 1 + 2 and 3 + 4 compared with later 2-week periods in the first 12 weeks after release from prison. Methods English-language studies were identified that followed up adult prisoners for mortality from time of index release for at least 12 weeks. Six studies from six prison systems met the inclusion criteria and relevant data were extracted independently. Results These studies contributed a total of 69 093 person-years and 1033 deaths in the first 12 weeks after release, of which 612 were drug-related. A three- to eightfold increased risk of drug-related death was found when comparing weeks 1 + 2 with weeks 3–12, with notable heterogeneity between countries: United Kingdom, 7.5 (95% CI: 5.7–9.9); Australia, 4.0 (95% CI: 3.4–4.8); Washington State, USA, 8.4 (95% CI: 5.0–14.2) and New Mexico State, USA, 3.1 (95% CI: 1.3–7.1). Comparing weeks 3 + 4 with weeks 5–12, the pooled relative risk was: 1.7 (95% CI: 1.3–2.2). Conclusions These findings confirm that there is an increased risk of drug-related death during the first 2 weeks after release from prison and that the risk remains elevated up to at least the fourth week