Debaryomyces hansenii Is a Real Tool to Improve a Diversity of Characteristics in Sausages and Dry-Meat Products

Debaryomyces hansenii yeast represents a promising target for basic and applied biotechnological research It is known that D. hansenii is abundant in sausages and dry-meat products, but information regarding its contribution to their characteristics is blurry and contradictory. The main goal in this review was to define the biological contribution of D. hansenii to the final features of these products. Depending on multiple factors, D. hansenii may affect diverse physicochemical characteristics of meat products. However, there is general agreement about the significant generation of volatile and aromatic compounds caused by the metabolic activities of this yeast, which consequently provide a tendency for improved consumer acceptance. We also summarize current evidence highlighting that it is not possible to predict what the results would be after the inoculation of a meat product with a selected D. hansenii strain without a pivotal previous study. The use of D. hansenii as a biocontrol agent and to manufacture new meat products by decreasing preservatives are examples of exploring research lines that will complement current knowledge and contribute to prepare new and more ecological products

The Potassium Transporter Hak1 in Candida Albicans, Regulation and Physiological Effects at Limiting Potassium and under Acidic Conditions

The three families of yeast plasma membrane potassium influx transporters are represented in Candida albicans: Trk, Acu, and Hak proteins. Hak transporters work as K+-H+ symporters, and the genes coding for Hak proteins are transcriptionally activated under potassium limitation. This work shows that C. albicans mutant cells lacking CaHAK1 display a severe growth impairment at limiting potassium concentrations under acidic conditions. This is the consequence of a defective capacity to transport K+, as indicated by potassium absorption experiments and by the kinetics parameters of Rb+ (K+) transport. Moreover, hak1− cells are more sensitive to the toxic cation lithium. All these phenotypes became much less robust or even disappeared at alkaline growth conditions. Finally, transcriptional studies demonstrate that the hak1− mutant, in comparison with HAK1+ cells, activates the expression of the K+/Na+ ATPase coded by CaACU1 in the presence of Na+ or in the absence of K+

Continuous abatement of methane coupled with ectoine production by Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum 20Z in stirred tank reactors: A step further towards greenhouse gas biorefineries

This study demonstrates for the first time the feasibility of producing ectoine (a high added value osmoprotectant intensively used in the cosmetic industry) during the continuous abatement of diluted emissions of methane by Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum 20Z in stirred tank reactors under non-sterile conditions. An increase in NaCl concentration in the cultivation broth from 3 to 6% increased the intra-cellular ectoine yield by a factor of 2 (from 16.5 to 37.4 mg ectoine (g biomass)−1), while high stirring rates (600 rpm) entailed a detrimental cellular stress and 3 times lower ectoine yields (5.6 mg ectoine (g biomass)−1) compared to process operation at 300 rpm. An increase in Cu2+ concentration from 0.05 to 25 μM enhanced methane abatement by a factor of 2 (up to elimination capacities of 24.5 g m−3 h−1), did not enhance intra-cellular ectoine production but promoted the excretion to the cultivation broth of 20% of the total ectoine synthesized regardless of the NaCl concentration and stirring rate. The results obtained by culture hybridization with the specific probe Mγ1004 showed that Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum 20Z accounted for more than 80% of the total bacterial population in most experimental runs. This work confirmed the technical feasibility of a new generation of biorefineries based on the abatement of diluted CH4 emissions using extremophile methanotrophs.2019-03-21Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (CTM2015-70442-R project and Red NOVEDAR)Unión Europea-FEDER Funding Program y Junta de Castilla y León (hD Grant contract Nº E-47-2014-0140696 y UIC71

Microstructural, chemical, and mechanical characterization of extruded Al-Cu-Li rods

This work investigates the influence of the alloying elements in rods of the alloys Al-Cu-Li produced by novel powder metallurgy routes. In the first route, the powders were mixed and uniaxial cold-pressed, followed by hot extrusion to produce 5 mm diameter rods. The second route introduced an intermediate step of heat treatment that was carried out at 525 ºC for 1 h in a pure N2 atmosphere before the extrusion. This was done to evaluate the importance of homogenization of the alloying elements during the heat treatment, as well as the tendency to form new phases in the extruded rods. The obtained rods were characterized by SEM, EBSD, Vickers micro-hardness, chemical composition (ICP-OES), and tensile tests. The results obtained showed that the alloy 1 (AA2060) presents a more homogeneous microstructure than alloy 2 (AA2196), and it is observed the benefit of Mg addition, which improves the microstructure after HT. The EBSD analysis showed a typical preferential orientation of a duplex fiber texture. The ICP-OES analysis reports losses of Li and Mg for both alloys. Regarding to the measurement of hardness, the results were very different depending on the alloy and the HT prior to the extrusion process.Paula Rodriguez Gonzalez reports financial support was provided by the Regional Government of Madrid through the project ADITIMAT-CM (Ref. S2018/NMT-4411) and by the Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (Read & Publish Agreement CRUE-CSIC 2023)

Potential of agave bagasse feedstock for biorefinery hydrothermal pretreatment

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 atendidos en consulta externa

Señor editor: La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) tiene una prevalencia muy alta en muchos países, incluyendo México, país que se encuentra dentro de los primeros diez lugares, donde esta enfermedad es la primera causa de mortalidad..

Crossbow injuries: a case of suicide

6 p.We are reporting the case of a 65 year-old man who suffered a severe depression and committed suicide using a crossbow. The death happened at his home. The suicide victim was on his knees, with of a crossbow leveled at his thorax and located facing him on the sofa. He shot it by pulling the trigger with the bended end of a ramrod. The arrow entered between the third and the fourth rib on the left side, with a downwards and slightly outwards direction. It went through the lung and the tip of the arrow came out the back. The arrow was removed when the body was lifted, and the wounds had a three-pointed star shape which corresponded to the head of the arrow crossbow. Police enquiry and forensic investigation confirmed a suicidal manner of death. This paper presents different issues of the case, such as the attestation of tears in clothing, the morphology of the wounds or the arrow track. The case is compared with other cases in the medical forensic literature involving the use of crossbows. Finally, it is highlighted how easy it is to purchase these weapons despite their obvious power and accuracy, factors that seriously recommend legislative regulation to be increased and its use more restricted

The Impact of a Preterm Baby Arrival in a Family: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Pilot Study

Background: The rate of premature births is increasing every day, with an estimated 15 million premature babies born worldwide each year. When a child is born prematurely, he or she is transferred to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), requiring special care on an ongoing basis. The admission of the newborn to these units can negatively affect the family routine as it generates changes and requires adaptation to new roles. Objectives: The objective of the present study was to understand the effect of the arrival of a premature baby on the family, based on the parents' perception. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study conducted by means of a self-administered online ad-hoc questionnaire which collected information related to the situation of the relatives of premature infants in the region of Extremadura (Spain). The questionnaire consisted of a total of 35 questions, divided into three sections: 'family environment', 'stay in hospital' and 'return home'. Results: Among the 53 responses obtained from fathers and mothers, 44 were from mothers. 53.6% of the respondents felt a delay in the acquisition of their parental role and 86.8% were afraid for their baby. During hospital stay, most of the parents had to modify their routines (94.3%), 69.8% suffered from sleep disturbances, 84.9% changed their eating habits and 88.5% referred to loss of time for themselves. Once at home, the time it took to recover their family normality ranged from 4 to 11 months, while 84.9% of respondents neglected their personal appearance and more than half had to give up or reduce their working hours. Conclusion: The arrival of a premature baby has a strong impact on the parents' family environment, altering their daily routines and occupations both in hospital and at home. If preterm care programmes take into account these possible occupational imbalances, it will not only meet the needs of the parents but also provide family-centred care

Conocimientos de futuras madres sobre la lactancia materna y sus ventajas

Introducción: la lactancia materna no solamente es una conducta instintiva, es una práctica adquirida, en la que influye actitud de la mujer, medio familiar y social, y los conocimientos adquiridos. Objetivos: evaluar los conocimientos de las futuras madres sobre la lactancia materna y sus ventajas. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal a 192 gestantes en su tercer trimestre, durante el periodo comprendido entre marzo de 2010 hasta marzo de 2011, pertenecientes los Policlínicos “Turcios Lima” y “Mártires del 9 de Abril” del municipio San José de las Lajas. Mayabeque. Las variables fueron: nivel de conocimientos de las gestantes sobre lactancia materna, conocimientos específicos y las ventajas de la misma. Se elaboró, aplicó y evaluó una encuesta diseñada al respecto. Resultados: menos de la 1/5 parte de las futuras madres poseía la información suficiente sobre lactancia materna. En poco menos de la 1/2 de los 17 aspectos explorados, más de 1/2 de las futuras madres dieron respuestas erróneas. Las más frecuentes fueron: necesidad de ofrecer agua al niño que lacta, errores en la dieta de la madre que amamanta, fallas en alternamiento y aseo de las mamas, falsos criterios de no dar el pecho porque está acalorada o resfriada, tiene anemia o está malnutrida, o que cuando la leche clara hay que utilizar una formula artificial. La mayoría desconocen las ventajas de la lactancia materna y los beneficiarios de la misma. Conclusiones: las futuras madres no poseen los conocimientos necesarios para lograr una lactancia materna exitosa ni conocen las ventajas de la misma

Conocimientos de futuras madres sobre la lactancia materna y sus ventajas

Introducción: la lactancia materna no solamente es una conducta instintiva, es una práctica adquirida, en la que influye actitud de la mujer, medio familiar y social, y los conocimientos adquiridos. Objetivos: evaluar los conocimientos de las futuras madres sobre la lactancia materna y sus ventajas. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal a 192 gestantes en su tercer trimestre, durante el periodo comprendido entre marzo de 2010 hasta marzo de 2011, pertenecientes los Policlínicos “Turcios Lima” y “Mártires del 9 de Abril” del municipio San José de las Lajas. Mayabeque. Las variables fueron: nivel de conocimientos de las gestantes sobre lactancia materna, conocimientos específicos y las ventajas de la misma. Se elaboró, aplicó y evaluó una encuesta diseñada al respecto. Resultados: menos de la 1/5 parte de las futuras madres poseía la información suficiente sobre lactancia materna. En poco menos de la 1/2 de los 17 aspectos explorados, más de 1/2 de las futuras madres dieron respuestas erróneas. Las más frecuentes fueron: necesidad de ofrecer agua al niño que lacta, errores en la dieta de la madre que amamanta, fallas en alternamiento y aseo de las mamas, falsos criterios de no dar el pecho porque está acalorada o resfriada, tiene anemia o está malnutrida, o que cuando la leche clara hay que utilizar una formula artificial. La mayoría desconocen las ventajas de la lactancia materna y los beneficiarios de la misma. Conclusiones: las futuras madres no poseen los conocimientos necesarios para lograr una lactancia materna exitosa ni conocen las ventajas de la misma