THE REALITY OF THE ASSESSMENT PROCESS IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION SESSION UNDER THE COMPETENCY BASED APPROACH

If the assessment is considered a part of the teaching and learning process, it is necessarily to integrate and associate into it, it’s also considered as a detector for the shortcomings and helps to diagnose the imbalances and fluctuations that can occur during the learning process and help to recover them in normal and regular bases. In this way, we can exploit the student's mistakes or shortcomings in conceiving the methods of taking care of them as a positive and important element in diagnosing and correcting these shortcomings. This occurs because the educational system is dedicated to the nation’s aspirations, and devotes its cultural and social choices seeking perpetual mobility to find suitable forms for the formation of generations. Social upbringing also will make them effective citizens capable of carrying out their social, economic and cultural roles

Factors Affecting Coronary Flow in Children

Factors Affecting Coronary Flow in Children Elhadi H. Aburawi, MD, MSc, FRCPI, FRCPCH Division of Paediatric Cardiology, Department of Paediatrics, Lund University, Sweden Abstract Background: A number of inborn and exogenous factors influence the flow and function of the coronary arteries with possible consequences on the cardiovascular risk. The regulation of the coronary flow is partly dependent on the functional integrity of coronary endothelial cells, coronary perfusion pressure, and myocardial function. Objectives: To investigate the effects of some of the previously suggested cardiovascular risk factors on coronary flow and function in children. Methods: Blood lipid pattern and concentration of acute phase proteins and their relation to prior infections were studied. The effect of preceding airway infections on the endothelium-dependent vasomotor function of the brachial artery in healthy and type 1 diabetes mellitus children was assessed. Coronary flow was measured with transthoracic Doppler echocardiography before and after non-surgical and surgical treatment of congenital heart defects. Results: Pro-atherogenic changes consisting of decreased circulating levels of high density lipoprotein and albumin were observed in children with past infections. The brachial artery's endothelial vasomotor function was impaired in children with type 1 diabetes, being further affected by preceding mild infections in the upper airways. Compared to controls, coronary flow was increased in patients with left-to-right shunt and coarctation of aorta, and increased further after open heart surgery. In contrast, coronary flow decreased, even if not to normal, after coarctectomy and device closure of atrial septal defect. Cardiac output decreased after open heart surgery but improved after device closure. The coronary flow velocity and velocity time integral decreased with increasing CRP after open heart surgery in particular in those with prolonged aortic cross clamping. Conclusions: Residual pro-atherogenic disturbances in vascular endothelial function, lipid and albumin metabolism may be observed in children with past infections, especially in those with chronic cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes mellitus. Cardiac malformations and open heart surgery affect negatively the coronary blood flow and cardiac output. LIST OF PUBLICATIONS This thesis is based on the following papers, which will be referred to by the Arabic numerals: 1. Aburawi EH, Grubb A, Raitakari O, Viikari J, Pesonen E. Lowered levels of serum albumin and HDL-cholesterol in children with a recent mild infection. Annals of Medicine. 2006;38:154-160. 2. Aburawi EH, Liuba P, Pesonen E, Yla-Herttuala S, Sjoblad S. Acute respiratory viral infections aggravate arterial endothelial dysfunction in children with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004;27:2733-5. 3. Aburawi EH, Berg A, Liuba P, Pesonen E. Effects of cardio-pulmonary bypass surgery on coronary flow in children assessed with transthoracic Doppler echocardiography. Am J Physiol Heart Circ physiol. 2007 May 4, (Epub ahead of print) 4. Aburawi EH, Berg A, Pesonen E. Coronary blood flow in patients with atrial septal defect before and after surgical versus device closure A transthoracic Doppler echocardiography study. (Submitted to Circulation). 5. Aburawi EH, Liuba P, Berg A, Pesonen E. C-reactive protein and coronary microcirculation in children after open heart surgery A transtoracic Doppler echocardiography study. Cardiology in the Young (in press)

Inclusion of Students with Disabilities in Egypt: Challenges and Recommendations

The study aimed to examine challenges to the inclusion of Students with Disabilities (PWDs) in mainstream education in Egypt. A mixed method approach was used to collect data from various sources. First, statistical information was retrieved from the Ministry of Education (MoE). Secondly, Ministerial Decrees were examined. Thirdly, semi-structured interviews with specialists in the field of special education in Egypt (N=12) were conducted to explore the major issues that emerged from this study. Results revealed challenges facing the inclusion of PWDs in Egypt, such as a lack of in- & pre-service training of teachers, limitations of construction and preparation, lack of coordination among ministries, limited programs for students with certain disabilities, and lack of awareness in the community and the family. The study concluded that the successful inclusion of PWDs in mainstream schools in Egypt requires, first, that universities consider inclusive education when training special education teachers; secondly, that professional development of teachers on inclusive education requirements is conducted, new policies are adopted, and school facilities are constructed with the needs of PWDs in mind; and thirdly, that the inclusion of PWDs not be limited to individuals with certain disabilities but must include students regardless of their type of disability

Burnout syndrome among health care workers is associated with violence against them. What needs to be done?

Background: During SARS-CoV2 pandemic, patients are becoming more aggressive against health care workers when seeking their demands. Violence against Health care workers is of multifactor, and a one that strongly has associated is their burnout syndrome. Objectives: The aim of this study was to draw a conclusion from the previous literatures about the association of violence against HCWs and their burnout syndrome. Also to find out other associated factors and solutions for this phenomenon. Results:  HCWs are subjected to stressful situations and high pressure; of highly infectious diseases (SARS-CoV2), shortage of PPE, working for more than 24 hours’ duty, without payment or reward, difficulties in the workplace and a poor hospital administration; all’s can lead to burnout syndrome. On the other hand, patient’s demand for the high expectations of their needs and attendants' (co-patients) fearfulness, anxiousness about their patient fate. Also, patient or co-patients believes on a doctor to be the only savior, so any unexpected behavior or un sympathy from the burned-out HCWs can result in aggressiveness and violence. Conclusion: The high prevalence of burnout syndrome among HCWs has become a global issue. A real attempt should be made focusing on the radical solution of the problem of burnout syndrome, rather than to enact laws to punish the aggressors against HCWs

Evaluating Commercial Dispute Resolution Through International Commercial Arbitration (ICA): The Context Of Libya

Extended abstract from Faculty of Business and Law Research Day 202

Management of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) with botanical extract (Balanites aegyptiaca) and endophytic entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium brunneum (6c1) reared on okra plant

Blattnagende Insekten sind weithin als Pflanzenfresser bekannt, die die landwirtschaftliche Produktivität beeinflussen können. Der Baumwollkapselwurm ist einer der wichtigsten Ernteschädlinge weltweit. Der Baumwollkapselwurm ist ein polyphager Schädling, der mehr als 182 Pflanzenarten befällt. Außerdem haben gut kontrollierte Schädlinge wie der Baumwollkapselwurm (Helicoverpa armigera) Resistenzen gegen häufig verwendete Insektizide entwickelt. Die Besorgnis über die weit verbreiteten negativen Auswirkungen chemischer Insektizide auf die Umwelt und die großen Schäden, die der Baumwollkapselwurm in vielen Gebieten verursachen dürfte, haben dazu geführt, dass man sich auf umweltverträgliche und nachhaltige alternative Strategien zur Schädlingsbekämpfung konzentriert. Die Entwicklung neuer Biopestizide gegen diese und andere Schädlinge ist daher von großer Bedeutung, um die Nachteile chemisch-synthetischer Pflanzenschutzmittel zu überwinden, die zwar hochwirksam sein können, aber unbestimmte Auswirkungen auf die Umwelt haben. Die Gesamthypothese der Arbeit war, dass Metarhizium brunneum (Mycoinsektizid) und Extrakte von Balanites aegyptiaca L (botanisches Insektizid) bei der Bekämpfung des Baumwollkapselwurms Helicoverpa armigera wirksam sind. - Kapitel 1 Allgemeine Einführung mit Schwerpunkt auf der Literaturübersicht. - Kapitel 2 Ein Metarhizium brunneum Stamm 6c1 wurde auf seine Fähigkeit untersucht, Okra-Pflanzen mit der Zahnstocher-Inokulationsmethode zu besiedeln. Die Untersuchungen zeigten die Fähigkeit von Mb-6c1, das gesamte Pflanzengewebe zu besiedeln. Verschiedene Parameter wie Erfolg der Puppen, verbrauchte Fläche, Gewichtszunahme und Kot-Trockengewicht wurden getestet, um festzustellen, ob die Besiedlung von Mb-6c1 die Leistung des Baumwollkapselwurms mit Hilfe des Zahnstochers beeinflussen könnte. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass M. brunneum (6c1) eine positive Wirkung auf das Überleben der Baumwollkapselwurmlarven im Bioassay hatte. - Kapitel 3 und 4 dieser Arbeit befassen sich mit B aegyptiaca als pflanzliches Insektizid - Kapitel 3 Ein Überblick über die Wüstendattel Balanites aegyptiaca L. & Del.: allgemeine Verwendungszwecke und Zukunftsperspektiven als pflanzliches Insektizid. - Kapitel 4 Schädliche Wirkungen von Öl- und Wasserextrakten (2% (v: v): 5% (v: v) Ölextrakt und 5% (w/v): 10% (w/v) Wasserextrakt) des Samenkerns von B aegyptiaca Del auf die H armigera-Larven im zweiten Larvenstadium wurden untersucht. Alle Ergebnisse zeigten, dass das Überleben der Larven durch die Behandlungen signifikant beeinflusst wurde. Öl- und Wasserextrakte haben larvizide Eigenschaften gegen H. armigera, die möglicherweise als attraktive Alternative für die Schädlingsbekämpfung genutzt werden könnten. Um die Wirkstoffe, die die schädlichen Effekte verursachten, und die Wirkungsweisen eindeutig und umfassend zu identifizieren, empfiehlt diese Studie, die Bioassays in einer Feldstudie anzuwenden, die Wirkungsweisen zu identifizieren und die Dosis-Wirkungs-Kurven zu bewerten; darüber hinaus sollte auch die Wirksamkeit verschiedener Teile (Blätter und Wurzeln) von B aegyptiaca gegen H armigera untersucht werden. Übersetzt mit www.DeepL.com/Translator (kostenlose Version)Leaves chewing insects are widely recognized as herbivores which can influence agricultural productivity. Cotton bollworms are one of the most important crop pests worldwide. The larva is mainly responsible for causing damage; it is a polyphagous in nature and attacks more than 182 plant species. Moreover, well-managed pests like the cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) developed resistances against often used insecticides. Hence, concerns about the widespread of the environmental negative impacts of chemical insecticides coupled with the great damages in many areas that expected to be caused by the bollworm have led to focus on environmentally sound and sustainable alternative strategies for pest control. The development of new biopesticide against these and other pests is therefore of high importance, to overcome disadvantages of chemically synthetic plant protection products, which can be highly efficient but with indeterminate environmental effects. Overall hypotheses of the thesis were that Metarhizium brunneum (Mycoinsecticide) and extracts of Balanites aegyptiaca L (Botanical insecticide) are effective in controlling cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera insect pest. - Chapter 1 General introduction focus on literature review. - Chapter 2 An Metarhizium brunneum strain 6c1 was evaluated for its capability to colonize okra plant with toothpick inoculation method. The studies reflected the ability of Mb-6c1 to colonize the whole plant tissue. Different parameters such as pupae success, area consumed, weight gain and faeces dry weight bioassay were tested to evaluate whether the colonization of Mb- 6c1 could affect the performance of bollworm by means of toothpick. The results revealed that M brunneum (6c1) showed a positive effect on the survival of cotton bollworm larvae conducted in the bioassay. - Chapter 3 and 4 of this focus on B aegyptiaca as a botanical insecticide - Chapter 3 A review on Desert Date Balanites aegyptiaca L. & Del.: general uses and future prospective as botanical insecticide. - Chapter 4 Deleterious effects of oil and water extracts (2% (v: v): 5% (v: v) oil extract and 5% (w/v): 10% (w/v) water extract) of seed kernel of B aegyptiaca Del on the 2nd instar larvae H armigera were studied. All results showed that larval survival was significantly influenced by treatments. Oil and water extracts have properties of larvicidal against H armigera which could potentially be used as an attractive alternative for pest management. In order to clearly and widely identify the active ingredients which caused the deleterious effects and the modes of action, this study recommends that the bioassays should be applied in a field study and modes of action should be identified and dose-response curves assessed additionally, efficacy of different parts (leaves and roots) of B aegyptiaca against H armigera should be screened as well.2021-09-2

A decision aid model for the selection of appropriate payment and pricing systems for construction projects

Abstract unavailable please refer to PD

Biologically Inspired Self-Healing Software System Architecture

Self-healing capabilities have begun to emerge as an interesting and potentially valuable property of software systems. Self-healing characteristic enables software systems to continuously and dynamically monitor, diagnose, and adapt itself after a failures has occur in their components. Adding such characteristic into existing software systems is immensely useful and valuable for allowing them to recover from failures. However, developing such self-healing software systems is a significant challenge. The nature introduces to us unforeseen concepts in terms of presenting biological systems that have the ability to handle its abnormal conditions. Based on this observation, this thesis presents self healing architecture for software system based on one of the biological processes that have the ability to heal by itself (the wound-healing process). The self-healing architecture provides software systems the ability to handle anomalous conditions that appear among its components. The presented architecture is divided into to layers, functional and healing layer. In the functional layer, the components of the system provide its services without any disruptions. The component is considered as faulty component if it fails to provide its services. The healing layer aims to heal the faulty component and return it to the running system without the awareness of the user. The presented self-healing software system is formally described to prove its functionality. Set-theoretic and Finite State Machine (FSM) is introduced. A prototype for the presented architecture has been implemented using Java language. Java objects are considered as the system components. The modules of the healing layer in the selfhealing architecture have been implemented into Java classes. An object from the module class will be created to perform its task for the healing process. The thesis concludes with recommendations for future works in this area and enhancement of the presented architecture