Uncertainties, Fear and Stigma: Perceptions of Zika Virus among Pregnant Women in Spain.

Similar to other epidemics, knowledge about Zika virus (ZIKV) relies upon information often coming from outside the health system. This study aimed to explore views, perceptions and attitudes towards ZIKV among migrant women from Central and South America, diagnosed with ZIKV infection during pregnancy, and to comprehend healthcare professionals' perceptions of ZIKV. An exploratory qualitative study, based on phenomenology and grounded theory, was conducted in Barcelona, Spain. Data were collected through in-depth and paired interviews with women diagnosed with ZIKV infection during pregnancy, and semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals. Women showed good level of awareness of ZIKV, despite some knowledge gaps. The most consulted source of information about ZIKV was the Internet. Women expressed they suffered from anxiety and depression due to potential effects of ZIKV on their babies. They conveyed their sources of support came primarily from their partners and relatives, as well as healthcare professionals. This study stresses the dramatic health, social and emotional burden that the epidemic imposed on migrant women infected with ZIKV during pregnancy. These results may help guide psychosocial support and health measures for pregnant women and their children as part of the public health emergency response in emergent epidemics

Cocaine-induced Psychosis and Brain-derived Neurothrophic Factor in Patients with Cocaine Dependence : Report of Two Cases

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is linked to numerous brain functions. In addition, BDNF alterations contribute to neurological, mental, and addictive disorders. Cocaine dependence has received much attention recently due to its prevalence and psychological effects. Symptoms of psychosis are one of the most serious adverse events precipitated by cocaine use. It is particularly important to identify patients at risk of developing cocaine-induced psychosis (CIP). We described two cases of patients with cocaine dependence who presented with CIP and had changes in their BDNF levels during the psychotic episode. BDNF levels were initially low in both patients, and then decreased by more than 50% in association with CIP. The relationship between BDNF and psychosis is described in the literature. These cases revealed that BDNF levels decreased during a CIP episode and, thus, it is necessary to investigate BDNF and its relationship with CIP further

Organización didáctica de los materiales tecnológicos: el caso del blog educativo

[EN] In the present work an experience in the use of blogs in the physical activity and sports sciences degree in three subjects of the degree is shown. Two of them of the first course (danza y expresión corporal and sistemática del ejercicio) and one of third course (juegos y deportes alternativos). An inductive type analysis is carried out to extract the categories in which the students, through the comments of the blog, show their perceptions about the use of the blog in university educational contexts.[ES] En el presente trabajo se muestra una experiencia en el uso de blogs en el grado de ciencias de la actividad física y el deporte en tres asignaturas de la titulación. Dos de ellas del primer curso (danza y expresión corporal y sistemática del ejercicio) y una de tercer curso (juegos y deportes alternativos). Se realiza un análisis de tipo inductivo para extraer las categorías en las que el alumnado, a través de los comentarios del blog, muestra sus percepciones sobre el uso del blog en contextos educativos universitarios.El presente trabajo procede del proyecto de innovación educativa El uso de blogs en educación superior. Aproximación al aprendizaje colaborativo, la evaluación formativa y el aprendizaje significativo, financiado por la Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, en la convocatoria 2018.Gómez Gonzalvo, F.; Cardiel, S.; Guerrero, J.; Pardos Mainer, E.; Sagarra Romero, L. (2018). Organización didáctica de los materiales tecnológicos: el caso del blog educativo. En IN-RED 2018. IV Congreso Nacional de Innovación Educativa y Docencia en Red. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 381-382. https://doi.org/10.4995/INRED2018.2018.880638138

Acceptability of a Hypothetical Zika Vaccine among Women from Colombia and Spain Exposed to ZIKV: A Qualitative Study.

Zika virus (ZIKV) can cause pregnancy loss and congenital Zika syndrome, among other poor health outcomes. The ZIKV epidemic in 2015-2017 disproportionately affected pregnant women in poor-resource settings. We aimed to understand perceptions and attitudes towards a hypothetical ZIKV vaccine, women's willingness to be vaccinated, and potential barriers and facilitators for vaccine acceptance in 1) migrant women living in Spain who travelled to their countries of origin and were diagnosed with ZIKV infection during pregnancy, and their healthcare providers, and 2) women living in Colombia who delivered a child with microcephaly. An exploratory qualitative study based on phenomenology and grounded theory was conducted. Data were collected through in-depth, paired and semi-structured interviews. Overall, women from both sites were willing to receive a hypothetical ZIKV vaccine. However, some expressed concerns of being vaccinated during pregnancy, yet they would accept it if the vaccine was recommended by a healthcare professional they trust. Main fears towards vaccination were related to vaccine safety and potential adverse effects on child's health. Women reported feeling hesitant to participate in a ZIKV vaccine trial. These results may contribute to guiding the effective delivery of future ZIKV vaccines among populations most at risk and particularly vulnerable

Participación del alumnado en la toma de decisiones: una experiencia de la justicia social en la Universidad

En las últimas décadas la labor docente en todas las etapas educativas, incluyendo la universidad, ha sufrido un continuo proceso de transformación centrado en la innovación educativa. Esta se ha dado tanto a nivel tecnológico como a nivel metodológico. En esta última se ha desarrollado una perspectiva metodológica que cuestiona, desde los postulados de la pedagogía crítica, las prácticas educativas buscando mayores niveles de participación entre el alumnado, justicia e igualdad. En este trabajo partimos del posicionamiento de Connell para atender a la justicia curricular, por lo que se presenta una experiencia realizada durante el curso 2019-2020 en dos asignaturas de cuarto de Educación Primaria, en las que se realizó un proceso de negociación curricular que implicaba los contenidos de las asignaturas y los sistemas de evaluación. Los resultados muestran que existe una valoración positiva del alumnado hacia este tipo de propuestas, aunque se ha encontrado diferencias significativas en las valoraciones, dependiendo de la asignatura en la que se realizó dicha propuesta. Estas diferencias se dan por diversos factores, entre los que se incluyen el tipo de asignatura (teórica/ práctica), las explicaciones del profesor y su metodología en cada asignatura. A pesar de esto, se ha encontrado una motivación y participación elevada entre el alumnado

Multiplex RNA-based detection of clinically relevant MET alterations in advanced non-small cell lung cancer

We studied MET alterations in 474 advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients by nCounter, an RNA-based technique. We identified 3% with MET Δex14 mRNA and 3.5% with very-high MET mRNA expression, a surrogate of MET amplification. MET alterations identified by nCounter correlated with clinical benefit from MET inhibitors. Quantitative mRNA-based techniques can improve the selection of patients for MET-targeted therapies. MET inhibitors have shown activity in non-small-cell lung cancer patients (NSCLC) with MET amplification and exon 14 skipping (METΔex14). However, patient stratification is imperfect, and thus, response rates have varied widely. Here, we studied MET alterations in 474 advanced NSCLC patients by nCounter, an RNA-based technique, together with next-generation sequencing (NGS), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), exploring correlation with clinical benefit. Of the 474 samples analyzed, 422 (89%) yielded valid results by nCounter, which identified 13 patients (3%) with MET Δex14 and 15 patients (3.5%) with very-high MET mRNA expression. These two subgroups were mutually exclusive, displayed distinct phenotypes and did not generally coexist with other drivers. For MET Δex14, 3/8 (37.5%) samples positive by nCounter tested negative by NGS. Regarding patients with very-high MET mRNA, 92% had MET amplification by FISH and/or NGS. However, FISH failed to identify three patients (30%) with very-high MET RNA expression, among which one received MET tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment deriving clinical benefit. Our results indicate that quantitative mRNA-based techniques can improve the selection of patients for MET-targeted therapies

From sea monsters to charismatic megafauna: changes in perception and use of large marine animals

Marine megafauna has always elicited contrasting feelings. In the past, large marine animals were often depicted as fantastic mythological creatures and dangerous monsters, while also arousing human curiosity. Marine megafauna has been a valuable resource to exploit, leading to the collapse of populations and local extinctions. In addition, some species have been perceived as competitors of fishers for marine resources and were often actively culled. Since the 1970s, there has been a change in the perception and use of megafauna. The growth of marine tourism, increasingly oriented towards the observation of wildlife, has driven a shift from extractive to non-extractive use, supporting the conservation of at least some species of marine megafauna. In this paper, we review and compare the changes in the perception and use of three megafaunal groups, cetaceans, elasmobranchs and groupers, with a special focus on European cultures. We highlight the main drivers and the timing of these changes, compare different taxonomic groups and species, and highlight the implications for management and conservation. One of the main drivers of the shift in perception, shared by all the three groups of megafauna, has been a general increase in curiosity towards wildlife, stimulated inter alia by documentaries (from the early 1970s onwards), and also promoted by easy access to scuba diving. At the same time, environmental campaigns have been developed to raise public awareness regarding marine wildlife, especially cetaceans, a process greatly facilitated by the rise of Internet and the World Wide Web. Currently, all the three groups (cetaceans, elasmobranchs and groupers) may represent valuable resources for ecotourism. Strikingly, the economic value of live specimens may exceed their value for human consumption. A further change in perception involving all the three groups is related to a growing understanding and appreciation of their key ecological role. The shift from extractive to non-extractive use has the potential for promoting species conservation and local economic growth. However, the change in use may not benefit the original stakeholders (e.g. fishers or whalers) and there may therefore be a case for providing compensation for disadvantaged stakeholders. Moreover, it is increasingly clear that even non-extractive use may have a negative impact on marine megafauna, therefore regulations are needed.SFRH/BPD/102494/2014, UID/MAR/04292/2019, IS1403info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Autonomous cortisol secretion in patients with primary aldosteronism: prevalence and implications on cardiometabolic profile and on surgical outcomes

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA) and its implications on cardiometabolic and surgical outcomes. Methods: This is a retrospective multicenter study of PA patients who underwent 1 mg dexamethasone-suppression test (DST) during diagnostic workup in 21 Spanish tertiary hospitals. ACS was defined as a cortisol post-DST >1.8 μg/dL (confirmed ACS if >5 μg/dL and possible ACS if 1.8–5 μg/dL) in the absence of spe cific clinical features of hypercortisolism. The cardiometabolic profile was compared with a control group with ACS without PA (ACS group) matched for age and DST levels. Results: The prevalence of ACS in the global cohort of patients with PA (n = 176) was 29% (ACS–PA; n = 51). Ten patients had confirmed ACS and 41 possible ACS. The cardiometabolic profile of ACS–PA and PA-only patients was simil ar, except for older age and larger tumor size of the adrenal lesion in the ACS–PA group. When comparing the ACS–PA group (n = 51) and the ACS group (n = 78), the prevalence of hypertension (OR 7.7 (2.64–22.32)) and cardiovascular events (OR 5.0 (2.29–11.07)) was higher in ACS–PA patients than in ACS patients. The coexistence of ACS in patien ts with PA did not affect the surgical outcomes, the proportion of biochemical cure and clinical cure being similar between ACS–PA and PA-only groups. Conclusion: Co-secretion of cortisol and aldosterone affects almost one-thi rd of patients with PA. Its occurrence is more frequent in patients with larger tumors and advanced age. However, the cardiometabolic and surgical outcomes of patients with ACS–PA and PA-only are similar

Constitución, gestión y funcionamiento de una empresa de eventos infantiles

[ES] El trabajo pretende abordar el análisis, desde el punto de vista jurídico-empresarial, de la creación, puesta en marcha, gestión y funcionamiento de una empresa (individual o de base societaria) dentro del sector profesional de los eventos y actividades infantiles.Gonzalvo Furió, E. (2016). CONSTITUCIÓN, GESTIÓN Y FUNCIONAMIENTO DE UNA EMPRESA DE EVENTOS INFANTILES. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/72077.TFG

Hiperparatiroidismo primario. Adenoma de paratiroides y su tratamiento quirúrgico. Utilización de la sonda gamma.

El hiperparatiroidismo primario (HPP) constituye el tercer trastorno endocrinológico más frecuente y la causa más común de hipercalcemia. Se caracteriza por una secreción excesiva de hormona paratiroidea (PTH) producida en el 85% de los casos por un adenoma único. Su diagnóstico es fundamentalmente bioquímico. Las pruebas de imagen carecen de utilidad para el diagnóstico, pero resultan imprescindibles tanto para la localización preoperatoria como para su exéresis mediante paratiroidectomía selectiva o mínimamente invasiva (PMI), la cual ha sustituido de forma progresiva a la cervicotomía bilateral. La técnica de imagen más empleada en este contexto es la gammagrafía de paratiroides con 99m Tc- MIBI. El desarrollo de nuevos métodos de imagen y de herramientas como la sonda de detección gamma intraoperatoria, han hecho posible la paratiroidectomía mínimamente invasiva radioguiada (PMIR). A raíz de estos avances, hemos realizado una revisión de la literatura existente sobre las últimas actualizaciones a este respecto, mediante una revisión bibliográfica en las bases de datos Pubmed, ScienceDirect y Tripdatabase. Se han seleccionado preferentemente meta-análisis y ensayos clínicos aleatorizados (ECA) y en última instancia estudios observacionales (OCS). El trabajo aborda, en primer lugar, el estudio del hiperparatiroidismo primario y posteriormente su manejo terapéutico. Se analizan las ventajas e inconvenientes de las diferentes técnicas de imagen existentes en la actualidad para la localización del tejido paratiroideo hiperfuncionante y se realiza una comparativa entre la paratiroidectomía clásica y la cirugía selectiva o mínimamente invasiva. Para finalizar se describen dos herramientas de gran utilidad en la cirugía, la medición de PTH intraoperatoria y la sonda de detección gamma. El empleo de la sonda de detección gamma facilita la labor del cirujano, especialmente en casos de adenoma ectópico y de HPP persistente. Las principales limitaciones de la PMIR son la reducida experiencia clínica, su coste, dosis de irradiación y la falta de estudios comparativos que demuestren su superioridad.<br /