Monotone iterative procedure and systems of a finite number of nonlinear fractional differential equations

The aim of the paper is to present a nontrivial and natural extension of the comparison result and the monotone iterative procedure based on upper and lower solutions, which were recently established in (Wang et al. in Appl. Math. Lett. 25:1019-1024, 2012), to the case of any finite number of nonlinear fractional differential equations.The author is very grateful to the reviewers for the remarks, which improved the final version of the manuscript. This article was financially supported by University of Łódź as a part of donation for the research activities aimed at the development of young scientists, grant no. 545/1117

The Infection and Impact of Azorhizobium Caulinodans ORS571 on Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

Based on our previous study, cereal crop wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) could be infected by rhizobia Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571, and form para-nodules with the induction of 2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, a common plant growth regulator. To enhance this infection and the potential agricultural application, we compared six different infection methods (Direct seed dip; Seed germination dip; Pruned-root dip; Foliar spray; Circum-soil dip; Seed dip and circum-soil dip) for achieving the high efficient infection of A. caulinodans into wheat plants by employing a green fluorescent protein (gfp)-labeled Azorhizobium caulinodans strain ORS571. With proper methods, copious rhizobia could enter the interior and promote the growth of wheat to the hilt. Circum-soil dip was proved to be the most efficient method, seed germination dip and pruned-root dip is the last recommended to infect wheat, seed germination dip and seed dip and circum-soil dip showed better effects on plant growth, pruned-root dip did not show too much effect on plant growth. This study laid the foundation for understanding the interaction between rhizobia and cereal crops and the growth-promoting function of rhizobia

Graft copolymerization of nylon-6 with glycidylmethacrylate using potassium persulphate-cupric ion system

130-135<span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:" calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:="" "times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:="" minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;="" mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">The kinetics of grafting of glycidylmethacrylate onto nylon-6 fibre induced by potassium persulphatecupric ion system was investigated. The rate of grafting was determined by varying the concentrations of the monomer, potassium persulphate and cupric ion. The reaction order was calculated. Raising the reaction temperature from 60°C to 80°C enhanced the rate of grafting significantly, and the apparent activation energy was 68.94 kJ/mol.</span

Estudios comparativos de posibles actividades antifúngicas de aceites de plantas naturales frente a diferentes aislados de hongo de aves de corral

The inhibitory effect of eight natural oils on ten pathogenic fungi isolated from the digestive and respiratory tracts of dead chickens in Kena Governorate showed that crude peppermint oil only has a highest effect against some isolated fungi and a low response against others. While its 10% and 2% oil concentrations failed to give any effect against all the tested fungi. Crude chamomile and pelargonium oils showed moderate effect against all isolated fungi. The effect of different dilutions of chamomile, cumin and celery oils appeared that the 10% concentration showed more effective than the crude oil. Lemongrass and basil oils have almost the same behaviour towards the isolated fungi as the crude oils and the 10% concentration affected them greatly. On the other hand 2% basil oil gave no effect at all. Critical concentrations of the efficient oils against isolated fungi were calculated. The most efficient oils were lemongrass against Aspergillus flavipes, chamomile against A. fumigatus and cumin against A. nidulans, while cumin against A. glaucus, clove against A. flavus were chamomile against A. flavus and clove against A. flavipes were the lowest efficient oils.El efecto inhibidor de ocho aceites naturales sobre diez aislados de hongos patógenos de los tractos digestivo y respiratorio de pollos muertos en "Kena Governorate" mostró que el aceite de menta crudo tiene un mayor efecto frente a algunos aislados y una repuesta menor frente a otros. Aunque sus concentraciones en aceite al 10% y 2% consiguieron dar algún efecto frente a todos los hongos ensayados. Aceites de geranio y manzanilla crudo mostraron efecto moderado frente a todos los aislados de hongos. El efecto de disoluciones diferentes de aceites de manzanilla, comino y apio dieron como resultado que la concentración al 10% era más efectiva que el aceite crudo. Aceites de lemongras y albahaca tienen casi el mismo comportamiento con respecto a los aislados de hongo ya que los aceites crudos y las concentraciones al 10% les afectaron grandemente. Por otro lado aceite de albahaca al 2% no dio ningún efecto. Se calcularon las concentraciones críticas de los aceites con eficacia frente a aislados de hongo. Los aceites más eficaces fueron lemongras frente Aspergillus flavipes, Manzanilla frente a A. fumigatus y comino frente a A. nidulans, mientras que comino frente a A. glaucus, clavo frente a A. flavus, manzanilla frente a A. flavus y clavo frente a A. flavipes fueron los aceites con menor eficiencia

دراسة كيميائية لنبات الثيمس ديكساتس (الزعتر) 1- الفلافونيدات و الزيوت الطيارة

Investigation of the flavonoidal constituents of Thymus decassatus, L. resulted in the isolation and identification of thymonin, 5,6,4'-trihydroxy-7,3'-dimethoxyl flavone, and apigenin. Investigation of the volatile oil by GC revealed the identification of 41 components. Moreover, thymol as the major component was isolated from the volatile oil fraction.أسفرت .دراسة الفلافونيدات لنبات الزعتر عن فصل وتعريف كل من الثيمونين 5 ، 6 ، 4 - تراى هيدروكسي -7 - 3 ، داى ميثوكسي فلافون وكذلك الابيجينين . وأظهرت دراسة الزيت الطيار بواسطة كروماتوجرافيا الغاز عن التعرف على 41 مركب متضمنة مادة الثيمول الذي تم فصلها من جزء الزيت الطيار