Ion beam and discharge characteristics of cold cathode ion source

24-30In this work, some developments in the acceleration system of cold cathode ion source have been constructed to produce broad beam to be used in different industrial applications. An electrostatic probe with electrical circuit is constructed for study the extracted ion beam distribution. Broad beam 25 mm with ion current in the range of 1 mA is extracted from the constructed extraction system. The obtained optimum distance between the extraction grid and acceleration grid is 3 mm. The characteristics are measured to investigate the ion beam current Ib as a function of different parameters (discharge voltage Vd, gas pressure P, magnetic field intensity B and acceleration voltage Vacc). The magnetic field is collimated and intensifies the plasma that enhances the extracted beam current. The obtained cold cathode ion source can be used in different applications like surface etching, surface modification and deposition due to its long life and compactness

Ion beam and discharge characteristics of cold cathode ion source

In this work, some developments in the acceleration system of cold cathode ion source have been constructed to produce broad beam to be used in different industrial applications. An electrostatic probe with electrical circuit is constructed for study the extracted ion beam distribution. Broad beam 25 mm with ion current in the range of 1 mA is extracted from the constructed extraction system. The obtained optimum distance between the extraction grid and acceleration grid is 3 mm. The characteristics are measured to investigate the ion beam current Ib as a function of different parameters (discharge voltage Vd, gas pressure P, magnetic field intensity B and acceleration voltage Vacc). The magnetic field is collimated and intensifies the plasma that enhances the extracted beam current. The obtained cold cathode ion source can be used in different applications like surface etching, surface modification and deposition due to its long life and compactness

Tuning the Indirect Band Gap of Square Metallic Superlattices

Shockley surface states at noble metal surface are textbook examples o

DFT Investigation of Structural and Electronic Properties of Modified PZT

Density of states and geometrical structures of modified Lead zirconate titanate are investigated using density functional theory within local density approximation. The electronic properties and bond length variation have been studied in terms of electronic structure and bonding mechanism principles respectively. Hybridization between Ti 3d - O 2p states and ferroelectric distortion have been addressed as a theoretical approach, to rule the improvement of ferroelectric properties of Lead zirconate titanate. The analysis of Ga, Tl modified Lead zirconate titanate were found to diminish the hybridization between Ti 3d - O 2p states, the relaxed behavior lead to the reversal of the known ferroelectric distortion. Y, Ho, Yb and Lu modified Lead zirconate titanate compounds have a tendency to intense the ferroelectric stability, its exhibit higher hybridization between Ti 3d - O 2p states than pure Lead zirconate titanate, also the arrangement of the ions distortions is strongly the same as the more favoured ferroelectric states of Lead zirconate titanate