Toward digital twins for sawmill production planning and control : benefits, opportunities and challenges

Sawmills are key elements of the forest product industry supply chain, and they play important economic, social, and environmental roles. Sawmill production planning and control are, however, challenging owing to severalfactors, including, but not limited to, the heterogeneity of the raw material. The emerging concept of digital twins introduced in the context of Industry 4.0 has generated high interest and has been studied in a variety of domains, including production planning and control. In this paper, we investigate the benefits digital twins would bring to the sawmill industry via a literature review on the wider subject of sawmill production planning and control. Opportunities facilitating their implementation, as well as ongoing challenges from both academic and industrial perspectives, are also studied

Social dimensions in cps & iot based automated production systems

Since the 1970s, the application of microprocessor in industrial machinery and the development of computer systems have transformed the manufacturing landscape. The rapid integration and automation of production systems have outpaced the development of suitable human design criteria, creating a deepening gap between humans and systems in which human was seen as an important source of errors and disruptions. Today, the situation seems different: the scientific and public debate about the concept of Industry 4.0 has raised awareness about the central role humans have to play in manufacturing systems, the design of which must be considered from the very beginning. The future of industrial systems, as represented by Industry 4.0, will rely on the convergence of several research fields such as Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS), Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), Internet of Things (IoT), but also socio-technical fields such as social approaches within technical systems. This article deals with different human social dimensions associated with CPS and IoT and focuses on their conceptual evolution regarding automated production systems’ sociability, notably by bringing humans back in the loop. Hereby, this paper aims to take stock of current research trends to show the importance of integrating human operators as a part of a socio-technical system based autonomous and intelligent products or resources. Consequently, different models of sociability as a way to integrate humans in the broad sense and/or the develop future automated production systems have been identified from the literature and analysed

Social dimensions in cps & iot based automated production systems

UIDB/04647/2020 UIDP/04647/2020Since the 1970s, the application of microprocessor in industrial machinery and the development of computer systems have transformed the manufacturing landscape. The rapid integration and automation of production systems have outpaced the development of suitable human design criteria, creating a deepening gap between humans and systems in which human was seen as an important source of errors and disruptions. Today, the situation seems different: the scientific and public debate about the concept of Industry 4.0 has raised awareness about the central role humans have to play in manufacturing systems, the design of which must be considered from the very beginning. The future of industrial systems, as represented by Industry 4.0, will rely on the convergence of several research fields such as Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS), Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), Internet of Things (IoT), but also socio-technical fields such as social approaches within technical systems. This article deals with different human social dimensions associated with CPS and IoT and focuses on their conceptual evolution regarding automated production systems’ sociability, notably by bringing humans back in the loop. Hereby, this paper aims to take stock of current research trends to show the importance of integrating human operators as a part of a socio-technical system based autonomous and intelligent products or resources. Consequently, different models of sociability as a way to integrate humans in the broad sense and/or the develop future automated production systems have been identified from the literature and analysed.publishersversionpublishe

Multi-agent systems negotiation to deal with dynamic scheduling in disturbed industrial context

International audienceIt is now accepted that using multi-agent systems (MAS) improve the reactivity to treat perturbation(s) within flexible manufacturing system. Intelligent algorithms shall be used to address these perturbation(s) and all smart decision entities within their environment have to continuously negotiate until their common and final goal is achieved. This paper proposes a negotiation-based control approach to deal with variability on a manufacturing system. It has initially formulated and modeled an environment in which all contributing entities or agents operate, communicate, and interact with each other productively. Then after, simulation and applicability implementation experiments on the basis of full-sized academic experimental platform have been conducted to validate the proposed control approach. Product and resource entities negotiate considering different key performance measures in order to set best priority-based product sequencing. This has been done with expectations that the applicability of the negotiation-based decision-making will be more adaptable to deal with perturbation(s) than another alternative decision-making approach called pure reactive control approach. The result showed that negotiation among the decisional entities has brought significant improvement in reducing makespan and hence conveyed better global performance of a manufacturing system

Simulation for Product Driven Systems

Due to globalisation, companies have to become more and more agile in order to face demand fluctuations and growing customisation needs. Indeed, the mass production market moves to a mass customization one, which could be defined as the production of a wide variety of end products at a low unit cost. During last years, many efforts have been done in order to improve operating system reactivity (with the Flexible Manufacturing initiative for example), but the manufacturing decision process did not really change, and then doesn't enable to fully make the most of these new operating system skills. Facing these new trends, a lot of new research works are focusing on identification technologies, like Auto-ID, biometry or vision ones. Radio Frequency Identification technology (RFID) represents a quick and safe way to track products, opening the way of linking informational and physical flows, and providing an accurate, real time vision of the shop floor. These new technologies appear like a catalyst to change the fifty years old way of controlling production through traditional MRP² systems

Approche méthodologique pour l'intégration des systèmes contrôlés par le produit dans un environnement de juste-à-temps: <br />Application à l'entreprise TRANE

The PhD research was made in the context of an industrial partnership between Trane Company and the CRAN. The main objective of this work is to propose a methodology to integrate and design Product Driven Systems (PDS). This research proposes a control architecture implementation by active kanbans and/or active products in manufacturing systems context. The first chapter describes the manufacturing processes of Trane Company. At the end of this chapter industrial problems are highlighted. The second chapter is a bibliographical study relative to manufacturing flow control existing processes leading to improvements for preceding problems. Following the demonstration of the interest of PDS and their resolution, the necessity of special PDS design method adapted to the industrial context is shown in chapter 2. The third chapter describes the scientific objectives induced by the previous problems and by the lack of PDS integration and design methods. The main contribution of this thesis rises in the proposed methodology. Moreover, several applications have been proposed in order to validate the methodology and results highlight PDS concept pertinenceCette thèse a été réalisée dans le cadre d'un partenariat entre le CRAN et l'entreprise TRANE. Elle propose une méthodologie pour l'intégration et le développement de Systèmes Contrôlés par le Produit(SCP). Celle-ci a vocation de permettre d'implémenter une architecture de contrôle par kanbans et/ou produits « actifs », adaptable aux systèmes de production d'une entreprise. Le premier chapitre de la thèse décrit le contexte industriel. A l'issue de ce chapitre émerge les problèmes de synchronisation de flux de l'entreprise. Le second chapitre présente une étude bibliographique des stratégies existantes de pilotage de flux et apportant donc des éléments de réponse à ces problématiques. Après avoir montré l'apport des systèmes contrôlés par le produit dans la résolution de ceux-ci, ce chapitre montre le besoin de méthodes d'ingénierie pour concevoir un SCP adapté « au plus juste » au système industriel étudié. Le troisième chapitre est consacré à la définition de la problématique scientifique. En réponse à celle-ci, la proposition d'une méthodologie de conception et d'intégration des systèmes contrôlés par le produit est présentée dans le quatrième chapitre. Cette méthodologie s'appuie sur l'approche d'ingénierie système « six-sigmas » pour piloter le projet de conception du SCP par des indicateurs issus des besoins des utilisateurs. L'utilisation de la simulation événementielle permet de concevoir l'architecture la plus pertinente au regard des indicateurs de performance retenus et de valider a priori l'intégration du SCP ainsi conçu dans son environnement. Le dernier chapitre a pour objectif d'illustrer l'approche sur des cas réels d'application

A Methodologieal Approach for Product Driven System in lust-ln-Time context : Application to TRANE company

Cette thèse a été réalisée dans le cadre d'un partenariat entre le CRAN et l'entreprise TRANE. Elle propose une méthodologie pour l'intégration et le développement de Systèmes Contrôlés par le Produit (SCP). Celle-ci a vocation de permettre d'implémenter une architecture de contrôle par kanbans et/ou produits « actifs », adaptable aux systèmes de production d'une entreprise. Le premier chapitre de la thèse décrit le contexte industriel. A l'issue de ce chapitre émerge les problèmes de synchronisation de flux de J'entreprise. Le second chapitre présente une étude bibliographique des stratégies existantes de pilotage de flux et apportant donc des éléments de réponse à ces problématiques. Après avoir montré l'apport des systèmes contrôlés par le produit dans la résolution de ceux-ci, ce chapitre montre le besoin de méthodes d'ingénierie pour concevoir un SCP adapté « au plus juste » au système industriel étudié. Le troisième chapitre est consacré à la définition de la problématique scientifique. En réponse à celle-ci, la proposition d'une méthodologie de conception et d'intégration des systèmes contrôlés par le produit est présentée dans le quatrième chapitre. Cette méthodologie s'appuie sur l'approche d'ingénierie système «six-sigmas »pour piloter le projet de conception du SCP par des indicateurs issus des besoins des utilisateurs. L'utilisation de la simulation événementielle permet de concevoir l'architecture la plus pertinente au regard des indicateurs de performance retenus et de valider a priori l'intégration du SCP ainsi conçu dans son environnement. Le dernier chapitre a pour objectif d'illustrer l'approche sur des cas réels d'application.The PhD research was made in the context ofan industrial partnership between Trane Company and the CRAN. The main objective ofthis work is to propose atnethodol6gy to integrate and design Product Driven Systems (PDS). This research proposes a control architecture irnplementation by active kanbans and/or active products in manufacturing systems context. The fust chapter describes the manufacturing processes of Trane Company. At the end of this chapter industrial problems are highlighted. The second chapter is a bibliographical study relative to manufacturing flow control existing processes leading to improvements for preceding problems. Following the demonstration of the interest of PDS and their resolution, the necessity of special PDS design method adapted to the industrial context is shown in chapter 2. The third chapter describes the scientific objectives induced by the previous problems and by the lack of PDS integration and design methods. The main contribution of this thesis rises in the proposed methodology. Moreover, several applications have been proposed in order to validate the methodology and results highlight PDS concept pertinence

Approche méthodologique pour l'intégration des systèmes contrôlés par le produit dans un environnement de juste-à-temps : Application à l'entreprise Trane

The PhD research was made in the context ofan industrial partnership between Trane Company and the CRAN. The main objective ofthis work is to propose atnethodol6gy to integrate and design Product Driven Systems (PDS). This research proposes a control architecture irnplementation by active kanbans and/or active products in manufacturing systems context. The fust chapter describes the manufacturing processes of Trane Company. At the end of this chapter industrial problems are highlighted. The second chapter is a bibliographical study relative to manufacturing flow control existing processes leading to improvements for preceding problems. Following the demonstration of the interest of PDS and their resolution, the necessity of special PDS design method adapted to the industrial context is shown in chapter 2. The third chapter describes the scientific objectives induced by the previous problems and by the lack of PDS integration and design methods. The main contribution of this thesis rises in the proposed methodology. Moreover, several applications have been proposed in order to validate the methodology and results highlight PDS concept pertinence.Cette thèse a été réalisée dans le cadre d'un partenariat entre le CRAN et l'entreprise TRANE. Elle propose une méthodologie pour l'intégration et le développement de Systèmes Contrôlés par le Produit (SCP). Celle-ci a vocation de permettre d'implémenter une architecture de contrôle par kanbans et/ou produits « actifs », adaptable aux systèmes de production d'une entreprise. Le premier chapitre de la thèse décrit le contexte industriel. A l'issue de ce chapitre émerge les problèmes de synchronisation de flux de J'entreprise. Le second chapitre présente une étude bibliographique des stratégies existantes de pilotage de flux et apportant donc des éléments de réponse à ces problématiques. Après avoir montré l'apport des systèmes contrôlés par le produit dans la résolution de ceux-ci, ce chapitre montre le besoin de méthodes d'ingénierie pour concevoir un SCP adapté « au plus juste » au système industriel étudié. Le troisième chapitre est consacré à la définition de la problématique scientifique. En réponse à celle-ci, la proposition d'une méthodologie de conception et d'intégration des systèmes contrôlés par le produit est présentée dans le quatrième chapitre. Cette méthodologie s'appuie sur l'approche d'ingénierie système «six-sigmas »pour piloter le projet de conception du SCP par des indicateurs issus des besoins des utilisateurs. L'utilisation de la simulation événementielle permet de concevoir l'architecture la plus pertinente au regard des indicateurs de performance retenus et de valider a priori l'intégration du SCP ainsi conçu dans son environnement. Le dernier chapitre a pour objectif d'illustrer l'approche sur des cas réels d'application