Intercultural Competences in Health Care - Jehovah's Witnesses

After Poland's accession to the European Union, borders were opened and migrations from many culturally different countries intensified, which led to an increase in immigrants and refugees assimilating in Poland. Numerous ethnic, religious, linguistic and cultural groups existed and exist in Poland. All of these groups benefit from health services. The above situation requires medical personnel to perceive the patient through the prism of his biological, psychological, social and health problems, as well as in terms of spiritual needs of religions, as well as beliefs and socio-cultural origin. Therefore, knowledge about the cultural differences of healthcare service recipients and shaping intercultural sensitivity among healthcare workers is essential. This work examines multiculturalism in health care based on the example of the confession of Jehovah's Witnesses. Its aim was to get to know the health service opinions regarding cultural competences in specific work with patients

Health education of blood donors on HIV viral infections

The phenomenon of HIV today is not only a medical problem but also a social one. Due to the pathways of infection, everyone can get infected for us. Currently, there is a steady increase in HIV infection in the world. Convincing people about the lack of danger and the non-characteristic symptoms of infection or their lack, causes that many people do not realize that they are infected. Knowledge about the situations in which we can be infected and the possibility of transmission routes of these viruses can contribute to reducing the number of new infections. The aim of the work was to get to know the state of knowledge about the society about HIV / AIDS and to indicate the role of health education in the fight against infectious diseases. The study included 100 people. The quantitative method was used for research, while the sociological questionnaire was used as a research technique. The analysis of the empirical material shows that the state of knowledge about HIV infection requires education among the population. What's more, the public will be happy to take part in professional training on HIV / AIDS threats. The research shows that trainings should take place periodically, cover various social groups with the cooperation of many non-medical environments. It should be remembered that multisectoral cooperation is a prerequisite for the success of any health improvement program

Intercultural Competences in Health Care - Judaism

The present times and Poland's entry into the European Union, the opening of borders, has intensified the phenomenon of migration of the population and contact between different cultures. In Poland, national minorities have been living since the dawn of time, but the current situation has a different dimension. Until now, the term "Transculturality" was not known in our country. However, the influx of people from the remotest parts of the world caused a situation requiring medical personnel to perceive the patient through the prism of biological, social and psychological needs as well as from the angle of other religions. Problems that appear taking care of such patients have caused that I decided to look at this issue on the example of Judaism believers. The aim of my work is to get the opinion of health professionals about intercultural competences in direct care of these patients

Procedure to be followed by medical personnel in case of diagnosis of the Child Abuse Syndrome

Nowadays, there are more and more reports of child abuse. However, this is not due to an increase in violence against minors, but to an increase in public awareness. People have begun to report child abuse. Child Abuse Syndrome affects both physical and psychological violence. There are many risk factors. Correct diagnosis is difficult, especially for children who start walking, running and all kinds of injuries can be the result of their playing. Intelligence, accurate viewing of the child and physical examination has an important role. When discussing the child abuse syndrome, let’s not forget about Munchausen syndrome per procura. Then the child’s testimonies are invented, very often behind the story presented by the young patient there is a family member – mainlythe mother. Since September 2011, all health care workers are subject to the “Blue Card” procedure. [11,27] If child abuse has occurred in the family, or even if there is a suspicion of such abuse, an Interdisciplinary Team is established. The task of this team is to complete the Blue Card procedure and to ensure the safety of a victim of violence. A paramedic plays an important role in this procedure. In most cases it is the person who first comes into contact with a child who is a victim of abuse. The paramedic must ensure that the patient feels safe. Their task is to identify the problem, document the injuries occurring on the child’s body at the time of examination and fill in the appropriate documentation, which will be handed over to the Interdisciplinary Team. This paper presents materials explaining the epidemiology and clinical image of the child abuse syndrome. Social aspects and legal consequences of this issue are also discussed. The “Blue Card” procedure and the “Blue Bear” form are also presented. The paper explains the role of medical personnel in case of violence against children

Alcoholic fetal syndrome - a problem of the 21st century?

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is a disease entity that occurs in children who have been exposed to teratogenic alcohol durning fetal life. It includes neurobehavioral abnormalities and changes in the body structure and internal organs. The only reason for the occurrence of this type of disorder is the consumption of alcohol by a pregnant woman (even in small amounts). It is estimated that in Poland about 30% of women consume alcohol in this period (also in small amounts), while in the US every year is born about 40,000 children who are diagnosed with FAS or related disorders

Problems of multiculturalism in the polish health care system

Introduction: Medical staff in Poland increasingly take care of a person representing a different culture. Aim: To know nurses' knowledge about the customs of people presenting different religions and cultural issues in modern health care. Method: The authoring three-part questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge of multiculturalism. Nonparametric tests were used for the comparison of variables: Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA and Wilcoxon pair order. Results: The overall level of knowledge of different cultures /religions was 8.00 for the whole study group. The highest level of knowledge among nurses was knowledge about Buddhism (1.00) and the lowest level about Hinduism (0.40). Conclusions: Most people did not have any lecture on multiculturalism in medicine during their education. The basic concepts of Judaism, Islam and Christianity are very well known. The knowledge of customs in different religions is small. Adaptation of multicultural education curricula in medical schools is an essential factor to ensure patients and their families appropriate conditions in the Polish health service. There was no conflict of interest

Perioperative nutrition according to the ERAS protocol

Protocol ERAS - "Enhanced Recovery after Surgery" - is a modern multidisciplinary formula of perioperative care to improve treatment outcomes. Over the past few years, many attempts have been made to implement recommendations for the management of patients in the perioperative period. They were primarily aimed at improving the results of treatment of patients undergoing surgery, and thus shorteninglength of stay in hospital, and - as a consequence - reducing the risk of developing complications and even the number of deaths. One of the first author who noticed effectiveness of multimodal treatment for a faster recovery and a shorter stay in the hospital was Professor Henrik Kehlet from the University of Copenhagen. He emphasized that in order to understand the nature of complications occurring in patients undergoing surgery, the basis of the factors responsible for the response to the surgical trauma should be known. In the late 1990s, Kehlet postulated that steps should be taken to introduce a comprehensive program including, among others: effective anesthesia, early rehabilitation of the patient, reduction of surgical stress, or quick restoration of nutrition via the gastrointestinal tract. The comprehensive perioperative care protocol for improving the treatment results requires the need for cooperation of specialists and all medical staff related to perioperative care - not only a surgeon or anesthetist, but also a physiotherapist or dietitian

The role and tasks of family nurse in the care of seniors in their place of residence - field study conducted among nursing staff in Gdańsk

Demographic changes taking place in Poland and in the world, a decrease in the number of births and prolonged life expectancy have resulted in an increase in the number of elderly people. The success of today’s medicine is among others prevention of chronic disease complications and skillful education of the patient at every level. Longer life expectancy and a quantitative increase in the phenomenon of disability, and above all a shortening of hospitalization and stays in inpatient medical facilities has resulted in moving the patient’s treatment and care to the home environment, which is an optimal place of residence for the elderly. The family nurse and primary care physician are then the most important link in the care of elderly and their families. The provision of nursing services in the patient’s place of residence is characterized by a unique specificity in other areas of nursing. Very often, as a result of the existing situation and possibilities, the nurse has to demonstrate not only professional knowledge and skills, but also flexibility, adaptability and creativity in dealing with a shortage of basic things, e.g. basic auxiliary equipment, access to the patient’s bed, etc. The conducted field study shows selected scope of tasks performed by nursing staff in this respect on the example of patients in the city of Gdańsk

Poczucie koherencji u kobiet z rozpoznaną chorobą nowotworową piersi

Every patient is an individual example of having own stores which are stuck in it alone and for her environment. Psychological trademarks of the unit constitute the largest group of stores health determined as potentials, to rank among them it is possible feeling the identity, feeling the control over what around her is happening, the intelligence and competence. An environment is the second important resource: religion, support closest, care of the health. An attempt to take assessment of the level of the intelligibility, resourcefulness, sense was a purpose of the work, in a word cohesions with illness at patients of breasts having cancer as well as the preferred style of advising soyas with illness. A method of the diagnostic survey was used for the accomplishment. The examination was conducted on days from 1 XII 2010 to 30 III 2011 in Gdynia Redlowo in the University Centre of Sea and Tropical Medicine. 52 women constituted the research group with diagnosed cancer of the mamma. They used the author’s questionnaire of the questionnaire form containing 26 closed questions.Każda pacjentka jest indywidualnym przykładem posiadania własnych zasobów, które tkwią w niej samej i jej środowisku. Największą grupę zasobów stanowią cechy psychiczne jednostki określane jako potencjały zdrowia. Zaliczyć do nich można poczucie tożsamości, poczucie kontroli nad tym, co się wokół niej dzieje, inteligencje i kompetencje. Drugim ważnym zasobem jest środowisko: religia, wsparcie najbliższych, opieka zdrowia. Celem pracy była próba podjęcia oceny poziomu zrozumiałości, zaradności, sensowności, jednym słowem spójności z chorobą u pacjentek chorujących na raka piersi jak i preferowanego stylu radzenia sobie z chorobą. Do realizacji wykorzystano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego. Badanie zostało przeprowadzone w dniach od 1XII 2010 do 30 III 2011 w Gdyni Radłowie w Uniwersyteckim Centrum Medycyny Morskiej i Tropikalnej. Grupę badawczą stanowiły 52 panie z rozpoznanym rakiem gruczołu piersiowego. Posłużono się autorskim kwestionariuszem ankiety zawierającym 26 zamkniętych pytań