13 research outputs found
Dentogingival Complex: Dimension Based on Biotypes
Objective: Estimate the DGC dimensions and determine whether the DGC
dimension varies by gingival biotype.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in the Undergraduate and
Prosthodontic Graduate Program clinics of the School of Dental Medicine, University
of Puerto Rico from August 2011 to April 2012. A total of 53 participants who
needed restorative crowns in their teeth were recruited. Prior to crown preparation,
the gingiva was classified as having a thin, mixed or thick biotype, according to
transparency, using a standardized 15 UNC Hu-Friedy® periodontal probe. The DGC
dimension was measured by transulcus probing. Descriptive statistics were calculated
in mesial, medial, and distal sites by phenotypes. Differences between and within
the sites’ DGC dimension mean were determined using a Friedman test. The level
of significance was 0.05.
Results: Mean DGC dimensions, in millimeters, for all sites measured were: 3.09
(95% CI: 2.91-3.27), 3.40 (95% CI: 3.18-3.62), 2.70 (95% CI: 2.51-2.89), and 3.17 (95%
CI: 2.94-3.41) in mesial, medial, and distal sites, respectively. In thick, mixed, and
thin biotypes the mesial sites showed greater DGC dimension means than the medial
and distal (p<0.05) sites. Mean DGC dimension was greater for the thin compared to
mixed and thick biotypes at mesial, medial and distal sites (p<0.001). Nevertheless,
the thick biotype presented the smallest DGC mean dimensions compared to mixed
and thin biotypes at the same sites.
Conclusion: The DGC dimensions in all sites were similar to those reported in the
literature. DGC dimensions are different for thin, mixed and thick gingival biotypes.National Center for Research Resources/[U54 RR 026139-01A1]//Puerto RicoNational Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities/[8U54 MD 007587-03]//Puerto RicoUCR::VicerrectorĂa de Docencia::Salud::Facultad de OdontologĂ
Prevalence of gingivitis and calculus in 12-year-old Puerto Ricans: a cross-sectional study
Background: Gingivitis is a common oral health problem. Untreated gingivitis may progress to periodontitis, a
common cause of tooth loss. The prevalence of gingivitis and calculus among Puerto Rican children is unknown.
Understanding this prevalence can support early public health preventative strategies. This study aims to estimate
the prevalence of gingivitis and calculus among 12-year-old Puerto Ricans by health region and to explore
differences in distribution by school type (proxy for socio-economic status) and gender.
Methods: A probability-based sample of 113 schools was selected proportional to enrollment size and stratified by
health region, school type, and gender. Two trained examiners evaluated the presence of gingivitis and both
supragingival and subgingival dental calculus. Gingivitis was defined as the presence of gingival bleeding upon
gentle probing (BOP) in at least one site, and the extent of the problem was classified according to the percentage
of teeth whose gingiva presented BOP (limited: 25–49% of the teeth tested; extensive: >50% of teeth tested).
Logistic and linear regression models, adjusted for health regions, were used to compare gingivitis and calculus
prevalence and extent between genders and school types.
Results: Gingivitis was found in 80.41% of the 1586 children evaluated. Urban-public schoolchildren had a slightly
higher prevalence (83.24%) compared to private (79.15%, p = 0.16); those in rural-public (77.59%) and private
schools had similar prevalence (p = 0.15). Extensive gingivitis was present in 60.81% of all children. The mean
percentage of sites presenting BOP (BOP%) was 17.79%. Rural and urban public schoolchildren presented
significantly higher BOP% compared to children from private schools (p = 0.0005, p = 0.002, respectively). Dental
calculus was detected in 61.59% of the sample, boys presenting significantly higher (p = 0.005) total and
supragingival calculus. Rural-public schoolchildren had a significantly higher prevalence of subgingival calculus
compared to private schoolchildren (p = 0.02).
Conclusions: Gingivitis prevalence is higher among 12-year-old Puerto Ricans compared to data reported for U.S.
adolescents. Public schoolchildren presented significantly higher BOP% sites compared to private schoolchildren.
Boys presented a significantly higher total and supragingival calculus prevalence than girls. Oral health disparities
related to gender and school type were identified by this study. Studies exploring the reasons for these disparities
are recommended.National Institutes of Health/[S21MD001830]//Puerto RicoColgate-Palmolive (Caribe) Inc.///Puerto RicoUCR::VicerrectorĂa de Docencia::Salud::Facultad de OdontologĂ
Management of dentine hypersensitivity: efficacy of professionally and self-administered agents
CONTEXT: The gold standard treatment modality for dentine hypersensitivity has not yet been established. This review examines the effectiveness of self and professionally applied treatments for the reduction in pain from dentine hypersensitivity.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Electronic (three databases) and hand searches were performed 14-21 July 2014 to identify randomized controlled trials for the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity.RESULTS: This systematic review provided numerous treatment modalities for dentine hypersensitivity. Eleven agents and 105 Randomized Controlled Trials were robust enough to be included. The studies varied considerably in design, observation period, active agents, formulation of the whole agent, negative and positive controls and comparator products investigated. The stimuli used were predominantly airblast and tactile or thermal. Due to the heterogeneity between the studies and lack of direct comparison between agents there was insufficient data to undertake a meta-analysis to compare agents for meaningful conclusions. Best available evidence for each treatment agent has been documented as a narrative.CONCLUSIONS: Treatments including stannous fluoride, arginine, calcium sodium phosphosilicate and strontium toothpaste appear to be clinically effective for the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity compared to comparators and controls. There is limited evidence to confirm the relative effectiveness of individual professionally applied agents.</p