Implementasi model pembelajaran STAD untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan prestasi belajar

The low student learning outcomes are caused by the less optimal use of the learning model. Learning is still centered on the teacher, student motivation in learning is still lacking and teachers rarely reflect. So this classroom action research aims to increase motivation and learning achievement in biology through the application of the STAD learning model with the research subject class XI MIPA4 SMA Negeri 1 Kuta Selatan and the objects in this study are the motivation and achievement of learning biology. Student motivation data were collected through questionnaire sheets and learning outcome data were collected through learning achievement tests which were arranged in the form of objective tests. The data that has been collected are then analyzed descriptively. The results of this study indicate that there is an increase in student motivation and learning achievement after the application of the STAD learning model, this can be seen from the average student motivation in cycle I of 2.8 with sufficient criteria, while in cycle II the average value of student motivation is 3. , 7 with good criteria. The average student learning achievement in the first cycle was 61.17 with sufficient criteria, 61.17% absorption and 61.11% student learning completeness, while in the second cycle the average value of student learning achievement was 76.53 with good criteria, the absorption capacity of 76.53% and the completeness of student learning 94%. Rendahnya hasil belajar siswa disebabkan oleh kurang optimalnya penggunaan model pembelajaran. Pembelajaran masih terpusat pada guru, Motivasi siswa dalam pembelajaran masih kurang dan guru jarang melakukan refleksi. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan prestasi belajar biologi melalui penerapan model pembelajaran STAD dengan subjek penelitian adalah kelas XI MIPA4 SMA Negeri 1 Kuta Selatan dan objek dalam penelitian ini adalah motivasi dan prestasi belajar biologi. Data motivasi siswa dikumpulkan melalui lembar kuisioner dan data hasil belajar dikumpulkan melalui tes prestasi belajar yang disusun dalam bentuk tes objektif. Data yang telah terkumpul, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan motivasi dan prestasi belajar siswa setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran STAD, ini dapat dilihat dari rata-rata motivasi belajar siswa pada siklus I sebesar 2,8 dengan kriteria cukup sedangkan pada siklus II nilai rata-rata motivasi siswa adalah 3,7 dengan kriteria baik. Rata-rata prestasi belajar siswa pada siklus I adalah 61,17 dengan kriteria cukup, daya serap 61,17% dan ketuntasan belajar siswa 61,11 %, sedangkan pada siklus II nilai rata-rata prestasi belajar siswa adalah 76,53 dengan kriteria baik, daya serap 76,53 % dan ketuntasan belajar siswa 94%

Penerapan model pembelajaran TGT (teams games tournament) untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan prestasi belajar biologi

This study aims to improve the activities and learning achievements of biology in class XI MIPA5 students of SMA Negeri 1 Kuta Selatan through the application of the TGT learning model. This research was conducted from August 7, 2019 to September 26, 2019, with the research subjects as Class XI MIPA5. The objects in this study are the activities and achievements of learning biology. Student activity data is collected through observation sheets and learning outcome data is collected through learning achievement tests arranged in the form of objective tests. The data that has been collected, then analyzed descriptively. The results of this study indicate that an increase in student activity and learning achievement after the TGT learning model is applied, this can be seen from the average student learning activities in the first cycle of 11.53 with less active criteria while in cycle II the average value of student activity is 19.83 with active criteria. The average student achievement in cycle I was 65.33 with sufficient criteria and students' learning completeness 69.44%, while in cycle II the average value of student learning achievement was 83.25 with good criteria and student learning completeness 97%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dan prestasi belajar biologi pada siswa kelas XI MIPA5 SMA Negeri 1 Kuta Selatan melalui penerapan model pembelajaran TGT. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari tanggal 7 Agustus 2019 sampai 26 september 2019, dengan subyek penelitian adalah kelas XI MIPA5. Obyek dalam penelitian ini adalah aktivitas dan prestasi belajar biologi. Data aktivitas siswa dikumpulkan melalui lembar observasi dan data hasil belajar dikumpulkan melalui tes prestasi belajar yang disusun dalam bentuk tes objektif. Data yang telah terkumpul, kemudian dianalisis secara diskriptif.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan aktivitas dan prestasi belajar siswa setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran TGT, ini dapat dilihat dari rata-rata aktivitas belajar siswa pada siklus I sebesar 11,53 dengan kriteria kurang aktif sedangkan pada siklus II nilai rata-rata aktivitas siswa adalah 19,83 dengan kriteria aktif. Rata-rata prestasi belajar siswa pada siklus I adalah 65,33 dengan kriteria cukup dan ketuntasan belajar siswa 69.44%, sedangkan pada siklus II nilai rata-rata prestasi belajar siswa adalah 83,25 dengan kriteria baik dan ketuntasan belajar siswa 97%

EVALUASI KINERJA JARINGAN IRIGASI PADA DAERAH IRIGASI TUNGKUB KECAMATAN MENGWI, KABUPATEN BADUNG

Daerah Irigasi Tungkub (DI Tungkub) yang berada di Badung merupakan daerah irigasi teknis dengan sumber air dari Bendung Tungkub, Daerah Aliran Sungai Sungi (DAS Sungi). DI Tungkub memiliki luas rencana 1.092ha dan luas fungsional 1.045ha sumber. Saat ini di Subak Tungkub Dalem dan Tungkub Lanyahan yang berada di sawah paling hilir masih mengalami kekurangan air. Saat ini pada DI Tungkub sebagian saluran sudah rusak dan sebagian tanpa pasangan batu. Agar komitmen petani mempertahankan ekosistem sawah tetap eksis, maka perlu dilakuan evaluasi kinerja jaringan irigasi DI Tungkub sebagai tindak lanjut dari pengelolaan Jaringan Irigasi Tungkub. Hasil evaluasi ini diharapkan dapat diambil langkah-langkah atau tindakan-tindakan dalam memanfaatkan  air irigasi pada DI Tungkub sehingga efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tahapan analisis ketersediaan air, analisis kebutuhan air, analisis water balance, analisis efisiensi penyaluran irigasi, analisis efektifitas irigasi. Data yang disiapkan yaitu dimensi saluran, debit pengaliran, curah hujan dan pola tanam. Penelitian ini mendapatkan DI Tungkub pada Masa Tanam 2019 kekurangan (defisit) air pada pada Bulan Nopember-Desember 2018 dan Bulan Juli–Oktober 2019 dengan defisit tertinggi pada Bulan September 2019 sebesar 1.215,56lt/dt. Kelebihan (surplus) air terjadi Bulan Januari-Juli 2019 dengan surplus tertinggi terjadi pada Bulan Maret 2019, sebesar 1.620,01lt/dt. Nilai efisiensi pengaliran sebesar 87,46% menunjukkan saluran primer  pada DI Tungkub memiliki nilai efiesiensi pengaliran dibawah standar saluran perimer yang disyaratkan sebesar 90%, sehingga perlu dilakukan peningkatan atau perbaikan saluran eksisting dari BT.1 sampai BL.1. Nilai Efektifitas irigasi sebesar 95,69% menunjukkan saluran primer  pada DI Tungkub termasuk kriteria masih efektif

Evaluation of Community-Based Tourism in Social and Economic Development of Coastal Society in Pandawa Beach, Bali

Pandawa Beach is one of Bali’s tourist destinations, which also has the seaweed economic potential. The goal of this research is to analyze the integration and impact of community-based tourism implementation from village managers, investors, business actors, and local communities. This research utilizes qualitative approach through structured interview with several sources based on purposive sampling and passive observation in the field. The outcomes of the research exhibit that effective implementation of CBT on Pandawa Beach environment has an important influence on the three pillars of sustainability that resulted in an expansion of economic, social and environmental welfares. Changes in income lead to changes in people's lifestyles. Although there is an alteration in socio-economic terms, people still have the common sense to preserve the culture as a value of life by maintaining custom and environment as one of the selling points of tourism in Bali aside from its natural condition

Instrumental Balinese Flute Music Therapy Improves Cognitive Function and Serum Dopamine Level in the Elderly Population of West Denpasar Primary Health Care Center

BACKGROUND: Musical artwork using Balinese flutes made from bamboo (timing buluh) by Agus Teja Sentosa, S.Sn is a combination of music played with flute as the main instrument which contains certain components resembling music therapy such as in western classical music by Antonio Lucio Vivaldi. AIM: This study aims to determine the improvement of cognitive function and increase in serum dopamine in the elderly after listening to music with Balinese flute as the main instrument. METHOD: The current study allocated 18 subjects in the control group listened to western classical music by Antonio Lucio Vivaldi, while 18 subjects in the intervention group listened to western classical music and music from Balinese flute as the main instrument by Agus Teja Sentosa, S.Sn. MoCA-Ina assessment and examination of serum dopamine levels were carried out initially and 21 days after listening to music intervention. RESULTS: The mean increase in cognitive function score was higher in the intervention group (5.22; p < 0.001) than in the control group (4.67; p < 0.001), this increase was not statistically significant with a value of p = 0.562 (p > 0.005). The mean increase in dopamine levels in the control group (3.60) was greater than in the treatment group (3.56), but the mean increase was not statistically significant (p = 0.085). CONCLUSION: There was a significant relationship between listening to the main instrumental Balinese flute music and the improvement of cognitive function, especially in the memory domain in all study subjects, but the mean increase in cognitive function and serum dopamine level did not reach statistical significance

Dry needling reduces pain in Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar workers with myofascial pain syndrome in the upper trapezius muscle

Background: Myalgia is a common complaint in the general population, but it is underappreciated and often undertreated. Myofascial pain syndrome is a form of myalgia that is characterized by local regions of muscle hardness. The main component of this syndrome is the trigger point that is composed of taut bands. Various invasive and non-invasive procedures are available to inactivate myofascial trigger points. Dry needling involves inserting a filiform needle directly into a trigger point without injection of material. Dry needling is a treatment modality that is minimally invasive, cheap, easy to learn, and carries a low risk for reducing pain. --- Objective: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that dry needling could reduce pain in subjects with myofascial pain syndrome in the upper trapezius muscle on Sanglah hospital’s workers. --- Method: Twenty-six subjects with myofascial pain syndrome in upper trapezius muscle were randomly divided into two groups: 13 subjects in the control group received acetaminophen, and 13 subjects in the dry needling group received dry needling and acetaminophen. The numeric rating scale was assessed before, 1 hour, 24 hours, and 7 days after the treatment. Side effects of dry needling were evaluated every day for 7 days follow up. The total amount of acetaminophen was assessed at last day follow up. --- Results: At baseline, the numeric rating scale was same in control versus dry needling group. Reduction in all numeric rating scale at 1 hour, 24 hours, and 7 days after dry needling was significant (p<0,05). --- Conclusion: dry needling could reduce pain and analgetic oral consumption in subjects with myofascial pain syndrome in the upper trapezius muscle. There were no side effects of dry needling reported on this study.peer-reviewe

HIGH-INTENSITY LASER THERAPY TO TREAT NEUROPATHIC PAIN IN POST-HERPETIC NEURALGIA

Post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) is chronic neuropathic pain that is felt for at least 3 months or more at the site of the rash due to herpes zoster infection. Epidemiological studies get a prevalence of 0.49 cases of PHN per 1000 people per year. The clinical manifestation of PHN is chronic pain on the skin lesions due to herpes zoster infection. The therapy that is commonly used as the first line is the provision of pharmacotherapy such as gabapentin or pregabalin. An 83-year-old male patient with a diagnosis of PHN that had been felt for 5 years. He has been taking drugs for 5 years but the pain has not improved. The patient is given high-intensity laser therapy. After 5 treatments with an interval of 1-2 weeks, pain was significantly reduced from an 8/10 scale to 4/10. The frequency of occurrence of severe pain is also reduced from 5 times per day to only 1 time per day. The use of high-intensity laser therapy is not commonly used as a therapy for PHN. Based on its mechanism of action, the use of high-intensity laser therapy is worth considering because of its effectiveness in treating pain in a shorter time than low-intensity laser therapy

Increased Serum Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio Raises the Risk for Peripheral Diabetic Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Objective: Peripheral diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is among the most prevalent diabetes mellitus (DM) sequelae. PDN is a severe health issue that represents a huge social and economic burden worldwide, is associated with long-term morbidity, and diminishes the quality of life of those affected. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a mixture of the two primary components of chronic inflammatory diseases (high neutrophils and low lymphocytes) that contribute to the production of PDN. This study aimed to demonstrate high serum NRL levels enhance the risk of PDN in type 2 DM patients. Materials and Methods: This study employed a case-control design, collecting data from the registers and outpatient medical records of Prof. Dr. IGNG Ngoerah General Hospital type 2 DM patients who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria between January 2018 and December 2019. Based on clinical neuropathy and abnormal electrodiagnostic testing, the PDN diagnosis was established. Serum NLR was collected from laboratory tests recorded by a computer. Results: The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve approach determined the NLR cut-off value of 2.18. High NLR substantially increased the incidence of PDN (OR 10.36; 95% CI 3.69-29.07; p<0.001). Other characteristics evaluated, including duration of diabetes, usage of anti-diabetic medications, uncontrolled diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, were not significantly associated with the incidence of PDN. High serum NLR was an independent risk factor for PDN in type 2 DM patients (adjusted OR=10.36; 95% CI: 3.57-29.07; p<0.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this investigation, it was determined that elevated serum NLR increases the risk of PDN events in patients with type 2 DM

Penurunan Fraksi Ejeksi Ventrikel Kiri dalam Enam Bulan Meningkatkan Faktor Resiko Gangguan Kognitif Penderita Gagal Jantung Sistolik

AbstrakGangguan kognitif sering dijumpai pada penderita gagal jantung sistolik dan tidak terdeteksi sejak awal. Hal ini memperburuk kondisi dan luaran klinis penderita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya peningkatan risiko terjadinya gangguan kognitif pada penderita gagal jantung sistolik dengan penurunan fraksi ejeksi ventrikel kiri dalam enam bulan. Metode penelitian ini adalah kontrol kasus, di Poli Jantung dan Poli Saraf RSUP Sanglah, Denpasar, periode Oktober 2018 hingga Desember 2018. Analisis data dilakukan dengan SPSS versi 22. Penelitian ini menggunakan 76 subjek, dengan rerata usia 50,3 ± 4,5 tahun. Karakteristik yang lebih dominan dijumpai pada jenis kelamin laki-laki 44 orang (57,9%), pendidikan ≥ 12 tahun 40 orang (52,6%), dan pekerjaan formal 40 orang (52,6%) Dari hasil analisis statistik didapatkan persentase penurunan fungsi kognitif pada kelompok kasus sebesar 89,5% sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol didapatkan 13,2%. Analisis bivariat dengan Chi-square, didapatkan nilai OR=56,1; IK 95% 13,844-227,338; p<0,001. Pada analisis multivariat didapatkan penurunan FEVK dalam enam bulan merupakan faktor risiko yang kuat, memiliki risiko mengalami gangguan kognitif pada penderita gagal jantung sistolik dengan adjusted OR=23,1, setelah mengendalikan jenis kelamin, pendidikan dan pekerjaan, OR=23,1; IK 95% 4,7-114,03; p<0,001. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa penurunan FEVK dalam enam bulan sebagai faktor risiko gangguan kognitif penderita gagal jantung sistolik. Penulis menyarankan para klinisi perlu melakukan pemeriksaan fungsi kognitif pada penderita gagal jantung sistolik .Kata kunci: gangguan kognitif, penurunan FEVK, gagal jantung sistoli

Vitamin D Deficiency as a Factor Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective: Vitamin D as an essential nutrient is increasingly being studied and reported to have roles in diabetes and cognitive function through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective functions. This study aimed to investigate vitamin D deficiency as a factor associated with cognitive impairment in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. Materials and Methods: This case-control study was conducted at the diabetic center and neurology outpatient clinic at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital in Denpasar, Indonesia between September and December 2022. Cases had a score of < 26 on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment questionnaire (Indonesian version) controls had a score ≥26. Vitamin D levels were assessed using serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. The cut-off for vitamin D deficiency was obtained through the receiver operating curve characteristic. Results: In total 31 cases and 31 controls were included. The cut-off for vitamin D deficiency was <24.6 ng/ml. Patients with T2DM and vitamin D deficiency had an increased association with cognitive impairment (OR 3.8; 95% CI [1.1 to 13.4]) compared to patients without vitamin D deficiency. Other independent factors associated with cognitive impairment in T2DM were low education levels (OR 5.4; 95% CI [1.3 to 22.2]) and diabetes duration of more than 5 years (OR 4.1; 95% CI [1.1 to 14.4]). Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is one of the factors associated with cognitive impairment in T2DM patients