The Judicial Expansion of American Exceptionalism

The percolation theory is established as a useful tool in the field of pharmaceutical materials science.It is shown that percolation theory, developed for analyzing insulator–conductor transitions, can beapplied to describe imperfect dc conduction in pharmaceutical microcrystalline cellulose duringdensification. The system, in fact, exactly reproduces the values of the percolation threshold andexponent estimated for a three-dimensional random continuum. Our data clearly show a crossoverfrom a power-law percolation theory region to a linear effective medium theory region at a celluloseporosity of ;0.7

Management of erectile dysfunction post-radical prostatectomy

© 2015 Saleh et al.Radical prostatectomy is a commonly performed procedure for the treatment of localized prostate cancer. One of the long-term complications is erectile dysfunction. There is little consensus on the optimal management; however, it is agreed that treatment must be prompt to prevent fibrosis and increase oxygenation of penile tissue. It is vital that patient expectations are discussed, a realistic time frame of treatment provided, and treatment started as close to the prostatectomy as possible. Current treatment regimens rely on phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors as a first-line therapy, with vacuum erection devices and intraurethral suppositories of alprostadil as possible treatment combination options. With nonresponders to these therapies, intracavernosal injections are resorted to. As a final measure, patients undergo the highly invasive penile prosthesis implantation. There is no uniform, objective treatment program for erectile dysfunction post-radical prostatectomy. Management plans are based on poorly conducted and often underpowered studies in combination with physician and patient preferences. They involve the aforementioned drugs and treatment methods in different sequences and doses. Prospective treatments include dietary supplements and gene therapy, which have shown promise with there proposed mechanisms of improving erectile function but are yet to be applied successfully in human patients

Impact of Gold Mining on Soil and some Staple Foods Collected from Selected mining communities in and around Tarkwa-Prestea Area

The principle of neutron activation was used to investigate the presence of toxic elements and possible heavy metals in samples of cassava, plantain and soil from the mining communities in and around Tarkwa in the Western Region of Ghana. The results showed that the maximum concentrations of the respective metals in cassava: plantain: soil samples were arsenic (As = 0.7 ƒÊg/g:0.25 ƒÊg/g:14.35 ƒÊg/g), mercury (Hg = 0.25 ƒÊg/g:0.52 ƒÊg/g:0.09 ƒÊg/g), antimony (Sb = 0.03 ƒÊg/g: 0.03 ƒÊg/g: 2.98 ƒÊg/g ), chromium (Cr = 0.72 ƒÊg/g:3.42 ƒÊg/g:40.35 ƒÊg/g ), vanadium (V = 0.8 ƒÊg/g:0.76 ƒÊg/g:188.40 ƒÊg/g ), zinc (Zn = 38.42 ƒÊg/g:24.92 ƒÊg/g:42.36 ƒÊg/g), and copper (Cu = 66.39 ƒÊg/g: 8.74 ƒÊg/g: 53.46 ƒÊg/g). The concentrations in cassava and plantain were higher than the values proposed by the FAO, the Expert Committee on Food Additives of the WHO and the Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registry (ATSDR). The concentrations of Hg (0,09 ƒÊg/g) in soil at Teberebie and of V (188.40ig/g) at the University of Mines and Technology (UMaT) in soil were above the permitted concentrations of 5 ƒÊg/g and 90 ƒÊg/g, respectively. Samples from communities further away from the centres of mine drainages (mile 8., mile 10.) had smaller values of element concentrations. An enrichment factor (EF) analysis for both cassava and plantain were Zn (7%) and Hg (90%). The remaining elements together add up to 3%. The enrichment factor analysis for plantain is greater than that for cassava. Mercury is the element that is chiefly enriched in both cassava and plantain. The second predominant element enriched in cassava and plantain is zinc

About the screening of the charge of a proton migrating in a metal

The amount of screening of a proton in a metal, migrating under the influence of an applied electric field, is calculated using different theoretical formulations. First the lowest order screening expression derived by Sham (1975) is evaluated. In addition 'exact' expressions are evaluated which were derived according to different approaches. For a proton in a metal modeled as a jellium the screening appears to be 15 +/- 10 %, which is neither negligible not reconcilable with the controversial full-screening point of view of Bosvieux and Friedel (1962). In reconsidering the theory of electromigration, a new simplified linear-response expression for the driving force is shown to lead to essentially the same result as found by Sorbello (1985), who has used a rather complicated technique. The expressions allow for a reduction such that only the scattering phase shifts of the migrating impurity are required. Finally it is shown that the starting formula for the driving force of Bosvieux and Friedel leads exactly to the zero-temperature limit of well-established linear response descriptions, by which the sting of the controversy has been removed.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figure

Menumbuhkan Sikap Positif Dan Kreativitas Peserta Didik Melalui Media Pembelajaran Mahjong Trigonometri

Proses pembelajaran matematika yang dilaksanakan guru di kelas menjadi persoalan menarik untuk didiskusikan. Pembelajaran diharapkan dapat menumbuhkan atau meningkatkan sikap positif dan kreativitas peserta didik. Hal ini penting mengingat sikap positif terhadap matematika akan berkorelasi positif dengan prestasi belajar matematika. Selain sikap positif, kreativitas peserta didik selama proses pembelajaran berlangsung juga merupakan modal untuk membangun konsep matematika sebagai upaya meningkatkan prestasi belajar matematika peserta didik. Dengan demikian, guru hendaknya dapat menyampaikan matematika dengan cara yang menyenangkan, mudah dipahami, dan tidak membosankan bagi peserta didik. Tujuan penulisan makalah ini ialah untuk mengetahui pembelajaran yang dapat menumbuhkan sikap positif dan kreativitas peserta didik melalui media pembelajaran.Metode yang digunakan berdasarkan studi kepustakaan. Permainan matematika yang menarik, dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu alternatif pembelajaran yang sangat memungkinkan mengubah citra matematika sebagai mata pelajaran yang kurang disenangi, menjadi pelajaran yang menantang dan disenangi oleh peserta didik. Salah satu alternatif yang dapat digunakan adalah permainan matematika di dalam kelas dengan pemanfaatan media pembelajaran. Mahjong trigonometri merupakan permainan Mahjong yang dikombinasikan dengan materi trigonometri dalam pembelajaran matematika. Penggunaan media pembelajaran Mahjong Trigonometri secara efektif dalam pembelajaran, diharapkan dapat membantu menumbuhkan sikap positif dan kreativitas peserta didik

Resistivity due to low-symmetrical defects in metals

The impurity resistivity, also known as the residual resistivity, is calculated ab initio using multiple-scattering theory. The mean-free path is calculated by solving the Boltzmann equation iteratively. The resistivity due to low-symmetrical defects, such as an impurity-vacancy pair, is calculated for the FCC host metals Al and Ag and the BCC transition metal V. Commonly, 1/f noise is attributed to the motion of such defects in a diffusion process.Comment: 24 pages in REVTEX-preprint format, 10 Postscript figures. Phys. Rev. B, vol. 57 (1998), accepted for publicatio