Application of Efficient Express Sequence Tags Information for Classification and Functional Study of Simple Sequence Repeats in Cattle Testis Tissue

Genomic markers play an important role in tracing the flow of genetic causality of observable signals in animals and plants. In farm animals, the participation of male animals in the gene pool of subsequent generations are much higher than female animals and testes are the most important organs of the male reproductive system. This study was conducted to investigate simple sequence repeats (SSR) within the expressed sequence tags (ESTs) in order to classify the Bos taurus testis tissue’s genes for their relationship and specificity with related reproductive domains. A total of 48,549 publicly available EST sequences from cattle testis tissue downloaded from GenBank database, out of which, 10,237 sequences that their library made from testis tissue were extracted and specialized as the studied sequences using several searching tools and software. Across these selective sequences, 2,039 contigs, 5,097 singletons, and 153 SSRs were detected. EST-SSRs were subsequently evaluated using GenBank and categorized based on their functions in biological systems of dairy cattle. Investigation of these motifs showed that the identified EST-SSRs can be classified into 48 types that GT in dinucleotides and GCC in trinucleotides had the highest frequency. Annotation and gene ontology analysis revealed a relationship among 54 domains with the observed SSRs. Localization and characterization of such markers can help tracing the production of amino acids coded by identified repeats as shown in this study

Advanced Motor Drives Studies

This report presents an evaluation of advanced motor drive systems as a replacement for the hydrazine fueled APU units. The replacement technology must meet several requirements which are particular to the space applications and the Orbiter in general. Some of these requirements are high efficiency, small size, high power density. In the first part of the study several motors are compared, based on their characteristics and in light of the Orbiter requirements. The best candidate, the brushless DC is chosen because of its particularly good performance with regards to efficiency. Several power electronics drive technologies including the conventional three-phase hard switched and several soft-switched inverters are then presented. In the last part of the study, a soft-switched inverter is analyzed and compared to its conventional hard-switched counterpart. Optimal efficiency is a basic requirement for space applications and the soft-switched technology represents an unavoidable trend for the future

Inhibitory of Newly Synthesized 3-BrPhOXTs on Corrosion of Stainless Steel in Acidic Medium

Newly synthesized 3-(3-bromophenyl)-2-imino-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (3-BrPhOXTs) inhibitoRY effect on the corrosion of stainless steel L316 (SS) in sulfuric acid was investigated by means of potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). According to electrochemical results, excellent inhibiting properties for SS corrosion in sulfuric acid has been obtained. The adsorption of 3-BrPhOXTs onto the SS surface followed the Langmuir adsorption model with the free energy of adsorption DG0 ads of –8.94 kj mol–1.KEYWORDS: Organic inhibitor, adsorption, stainless steel, impedance

Modelling of Growth Profile of Three Probiotic Single Strain Starter Cultures (L.acidophilus (La-5), Bifidobacterium (BB-12), S.thermophilus (STB-01)) through Turbidity Measurement Technique

Probiotics are one or more mixture of viable microorganisms which have beneficial effects on animals and human beings through propagation gastrointestinal microflora. Some instances for health benefits of these products are: alleviating gastrointestinal disorders, diarrehea, food allergies, infection of Helicobacter pylori, lactose intolerance, candidiasis, serum cholesterol, and improving immune system balance, mineral uptake and protecting the consumer from different cancers such as colon, bladder and gastrointestinal cancers.To achieve these neutraceutical purposes, a large population of probiotics( 107- 108 cfu/g) should remain alive during storage of these products up to expiring date.In this research production of probiotic ABT yogurt is taken into consideration. Single strains of two probiotic starter cultures, Bifidobacterium( BB-12) and L. acidophilus(La-5), and one single strain of S. thermophilus (STB-01) for reducing the fermentation time are used. In probiotic products the method of counting probiotic bacteria have a significant effect. Traditional microbiological methods require wide range of time and a lots of facilities. Modelling of growth profile of bacteria with the data obtained from turbidity measurement would be a helpful method for fast counting of microbial communities. Keywords: analyze ; Broth media ; Colony Count Unit; Direct-Vat-Set(DVS); Durbin-Watson statistic

The comparison of growth rate, survival and food conversion ratio in Penaeus semisulcatus and Fenneropenaeus indicus in Helleh site, Bushehr province

Growth rate, survival and food conversion ratio were compared for two species of shrimp Penaeus semisulcatus and Fenneropenaeus indicus in Bushehr Province in summer 2002. The research was done with two treatments each in three replications in 0.4 ha ponds. Twenty five post larvae of the shrimps in stage PL ^ (12) with a mean weight of 5mg were stocked per square meter of the ponds and cultured for 109 days. We found significant differences during the first 31 days in SGR between P. semisulcatus and F. indicus (P<0.05). The mean final harvest rate was 903.33kg and 1025.00kg in each pond for P. semisulcatus and F. indicus, respectively. No significant differences in physical and chemical parameters were observed between the two species

The Effect of Printed Educational Material from the Coroner in Victoria, Australia, on Changing Aged Care Health Professional Practice: A Subscriber Survey

There are substantial knowledge and research gaps about the effects of printed educational material on professional practice. This study has examined whether the Residential Aged Care Coronial (RACC) Communiqué, an electronic newsletter of narrative case reports about lessons learned from deaths in residential aged care settings reported to the coroner in Victoria, Australia, prompted subscribers to initiate change in professional practice to improve care. An anonymous electronic survey was distributed to all registered subscribers of the RACC Communiqué to collect information about self-reported changes in professional practice, respondent characteristics, reading behavior, and an assessment of effect and content of the publication. Researchers from the Victoria Institute of Forensic Medicine, Victoria, Australia, conducted the study in 2008. Of 778 subscribers invited to participate in the study, 426 (54.8%) provided valid responses. The majority of respondents were aged 45 and older, female, and working at a residential aged care facility in a management role. Half of the survey respondents reported making a change to their professional practice as a result of reading the RACC Communiqué, with one-fifth of these respondents agreeing that they would not have made the self-reported change if they had not read this publication. These findings are greater than the previously reported small effects of education through printed education material and make an important contribution to understanding the use of printed education material for initiating professional practice change.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/79369/1/j.1532-5415.2010.02742.x.pd

Comparative antibacterial effects of essential oils of Melissa officinalis and Deracocephalum moldavica L. against some pathogenic bacteria in food in vitro

زمینه و هدف: استفاده از نگهدارنده&zwnj;های شیمیایی و مضرات آنها، سبب شده که تولید کنندگان مواد غذایی اخیرا گرایش به استفاده از نگهدارنده&zwnj;های طبیعی در مواد غذایی پیدا کنند. اسانس&zwnj;های گیاهی که همان روغن&zwnj;های فرار (volatile oils) می باشند، روغن&zwnj;های مایع و معطر گیاهان اند. گیاهان معطر حاوی اسانس هایی با خواص ضد میکروبی هستند. در این مطالعه اثرات ضدباکتریایی اسانس&zwnj;های بادرنجبویه (Melissa officinalis) و بادرشبو (Dracocephalum moldavica) علیه 4 باکتری بیماریزای مواد غذایی در شرایط آزمایشگاهی بررسی شد. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه تجربی پس از تهیه باکتری های مورد بررسی، با روش انتشار بر روی دیسک قطر هاله ممانعت از رشد و با روش میکرودایلوشن حداقل غلظت ممانعت از رشد و حداقل غلظت کشندگی برای هر دو اسانس بادرنجبویه و بادرشبو تعیین شد و جهت مقایسه نتایج از نرم افزار SPSS با آزمون T test استفاده گردید و سطح اختلاف معنی دار کمتر از 0/05 انتخاب شد(P&lt; 0/05). یافته ها: نتایج این مطالعه بیانگر تاثیر ضد میکروبی قوی دو اسانس فوق روی این باکتری ها بود. باکتری استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس با حداقل غلظت ممانعت کنندگی mg/mL 1/2 (برای هر دو اسانس) حساس&zwnj;ترین باکتری در مقابل اسانس&zwnj;های بادرنجبویه و بادرشبو بود. در این میان اسانس بادرنجبویه اثرات ضد باکتریایی قوی&zwnj;تری علیه باکتری&zwnj;های مورد آزمایش در مقایسه با اسانس بادرشبو داشت. نتیجه گیری: نتایج حاصل بیانگر توان مهارکنندگی و ضد باکتریایی اسانس های بادرنجبویه و بادرشبو علیه این میکروارگانیسم های بیماریزا می باشد که می تواند بعنوان یک ماده ضد میکروبی گیاهی، جایگزینی مناسب برای ترکیبات شیمیایی ضد باکتری باشد و در صنایع غذایی و داروسازی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد

Comparison of long-pulsed alexandrite laser and topical tretinoin-ammonium lactate in axillary acanthosis nigricans: A case series of patients in a before-after trial

Background: Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a brown to black, velvety hyperpigmentation of the skin that usually involves cutaneous folds. Treatment of AN is important regarding cosmetic reasons and various therapeutic modalities have been used for these purposes. The goal of this study was to compare the effectiveness of long-pulsed alexandrite laser and topical tretinoin-ammonium lactate for treatment of axillary-AN. Methods: Fifteen patients with bilateral axillary-AN were studied in Razi Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Diagnosis was confirmed by two independent dermatologists. Each side skin lesion was randomly allocated to either topical mixed cream of tretinoin 0.05- ammonium lactate 12 or long-pulsed alexandrite laser. Duration of treatment was 14 weeks. At endpoint, the mean percent reduction from baseline in pigmentation area was compared between the two groups. Results: The study population consisted of 15 patients three males and 12, females. The mean age of patients was 28.5±4.9 years. The mean percent reduction was 18.3±10.6, in tretinoin/ammonium lactate group and 25.7±11.8 in laser group (P=0.004). Conclusion: These findings indicate that the application of alexandrite laser is a relative effective method for treatment of axillary-AN. However, this issue requires further studies with prolonged follow-up period