Biosensors Using Free and Immobilized Cells of Luminous Bacteria

The technologies of receiving free and immobilized photobacteria cells for biomonitoring of toxins are considered. The mechanisms of interaction of toxins with photobacteria are observed. The main attention is paid to the immobilized procedures and structures of carriers. Data on poly(vinyl)alcohol (PVA) cryogel immobilization of different strains of photobacteria are presented. It is established that intensity and stability of light emission of PVA cells is competently controlled by: (1) intensity and persistence of a luminescent cycle using bacterial strain; (2) type of the carrier and the composition of the gel-formation medium; (3) freeze-thawing procedures; and (4) physical and chemical conditions of storage and application. The developed technology of cryogenic gel formation has kept the survival of luminous bacteria in the carrier practically at 100% without the introduction of additional cryoprotecting agents and procedures of a light induction. With storage at −80°C, bioluminescent activity remained without changes about 2 years. Using the immobilized preparations of biosensor, the discrete and continuous analysis of heavy metals, chlorophenols, and pesticides is carried out. The sensitivity of free and immobilized cells to the chosen toxicants is approximately identical. The continuous monitoring of toxicant conditions is optimized

Dried-Reswollen Immobilized Biocatalysts for Detoxification of Organophosphorous Compounds in the Flow Systems

New immobilized biocatalysts based on polypeptides containing N- or C-terminal polyhistidine sequences and possessing organophosphorus hydrolase activity were investigated for detoxification of organophosphorous neurotoxic compounds in the flow systems. The biocatalysts were revealed to have a high catalytic activity within wide pH and temperature ranges 7.5-12.5 A degrees C and 15-65 A degrees C, respectively. The immobilized biocatalysts can be dried and reswollen before use with 92-93% catalytic activity remaining after drying and rehydration procedures. The half-lives of the biocatalysts under wet and dry storage conditions were 420 and 540 days, respectively

The use of Ozone for Metabolic Disorders Correction in patiens with Metabolic Disorder

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a complex disease caused by a combination of genetic factors with a person’s life- style (nutrition characterized by a high content of carbohydrates, hypodinamia, alcohol, smoking, mental and physical strain). The incidence of metabolic syndrome in different countries ranges from 10% to 30%. In Russia about 1,200,000 people die annually as a result of MS complications. MS incidence has been found to be increasing in female patients for the recent 10 years, compared with the one for male patients.Criteria for metabolic syndrome were elaborated and unified for various ethnic groups; however, there are some discrepancies among MS criteria that have been suggested lately. WHO experts emphasize the role of misbalance in carbohydrate metabolism and insulin resistance. The expert group of the USA National Council in its Third Report on identification, evaluation and treatment of hypercholesterolemia in adult patient’s high-lights the role of lipid metabolism misbalance and fatty tissue condition. Inter- national Diabetes Federation worked out approved criteria for the disease

Prospects for Combined Applications of Nanostructured Catalysts and Biocatalysts for Elimination of Hydrocarbon Pollutants

Due to the presence of environmental problems, it is urgent to improve the processes aimed at the processing and purification of hydrocarbon-containing wastes and wastewaters. The review presents the latest achievements in the development of nanostructured catalysts made from different materials that can be used to purify oil-polluted wastewaters (petroleum refinery wastewater, oilfield-produced water, sulfur-containing extracts from pre-oxidized crude oil and oil fractions, etc.) and eliminate components of hydrocarbon pollutants (polyaromatic hydrocarbons, phenols, etc.). The results of the analysis of possible combinations of chemical and biological catalysts for deeper and more effective solutions to the problems are discussed. The possibilities of highly efficient elimination of hydrocarbon pollutants as a result of the hybrid application of nanoparticles (graphene oxide, mesoporous silica, magnetic nanocatalysts, etc.) or catalytic nanocomposites for advanced oxidation processes and biocatalysts (enzymes, cells of bacteria, mycelial fungi, phototrophic microorganisms and natural or artificial microbial consortia) are analyzed

Tests Qed at Lep Energies Using E(+)E(-)-]Gamma-Gamma(Gamma) and E(+)E(-)-]L(+)L(-)Gamma-Gamma

Contains fulltext : 28970.pdf (preprint version ) (Open Access

Measurement of the branching ratios b -> e nu Chi, mu nu Chi, tau nu Chi, and nu Chi

Contains fulltext : 26243.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access