Electronic Prescribing Usability: Reduction of Mental Workload and Prescribing Errors Among Community Physicians

Background: Medical errors are common in hospitals, and research is always needed to find ways of reducing these. This study attempts to address three gaps in this field. First, the factors leading to the reduction of mental workload and its relationship with the reduction of prescribing errors by improving electronic prescribing (e-prescribing) usability have not been empirically examined before. Second, the past research in the field of e-prescribing usability lacks robust theoretical models. Third, there are no existing studies to examine the direct influences of user interface consistency and error prevention with the reduction of mental workload and prescribing errors. Materials and Methods: A quantitative survey method was used to collect data from 188 community physicians. The partial least squares path modeling technique was applied to analyze the data. Results: Prescribing errors were reduced by improving the information quality, user interface consistency, system ease of use, and mental workload reduction. Mental workload is reduced by ease of use, error prevention, and consistency. No significant relationships between prescribing error reduction with error prevention and also between information quality with mental workload reduction were found. Conclusions: The designers of e-prescribing should improve the error prevention and consistency of the system and make it easy to use if they wish for the system to reduce users’ mental workload. They should also improve the system information quality, ease of use, and consistency if they claim that their system reduces physicians’ prescribing errors. The system should also reduce users’ mental workload to meet this objective

Examining humor as a rheotrical tool: A case study on The Read

As race relations reach their worst state since the early 1990s, the Black American community has resorted to new and savvy rhetorical moves to communicate their point of view. This thesis takes on the podcast, The Read, in order to examine how humor is used as a rhetorical tool within the Black American community. Using a case study method, this research takes on a close examination of the five most popular episodes of The Read that aired between August 2015 and December 2015. The three philosophical theories of humor, superiority, relief, and incongruity, are coded within eleven controversial topics in order to examine how often those theories are used. While the relief theory of humor wasn’t used as often as the other two theories, the way the relief theory was used point to interesting moves by the hosts of The Read. 1) The relief theory allowed for the hosts of the podcast to use the tagline “Comedy”, even though they discuss difficult issues concerning race. 2) The relief theory of humor is almost never used on its own, almost always overlapping with the incongruity theory of humor and/or the superiority theory of humor. Although the focus of this thesis was on race, the other two theories of humor yielded interesting results. 3) The superiority theory was used the most in the five episodes of the podcast, and was used most often when discussing popular culture and celebrity gossip. 4) Although the incongruity theory of humor wasn’t used as often as the superiority theory, it proved to be the most versatile theory of humor. Future studies involving humor, especially studies involving race and humor, can find valuable information in this piece regarding how humor is used; however, future studies should consider larger sample sizes, conducting interviews to understand the effect of each humor, and non-Western humor formulations in their study

THE ARCHITECTURAL PRINCIPLES OF RAHMATAN LIL ALAMIN IN THE REALIZATION OF SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE

Indonesian nation, with its majority of Muslim population, should implement its local wisdom that is derived from the Holy Qur'an and the Prophet’s Sunnah in managing the nation and the state. In this way, it will be explicitly capable of developing built environment model based on the principle of sustainable architecture as an introduction to the implementation of the principle of Rahmatan lil Alamin in architecture. This can be pursued by starting to awaken an appreciation of the practice of the Qur'an and the Prophet’s Sunnah in everyday life,  including in the employment of architecture. The theory of sustainable development is not a very popular concept among both the public and the architects themselves. Sustainable architecture is defined as a concept applied in architecture to support the sustainable concept, namely the concept of maintaining natural resources in order to last longer, which is associated with the vital potential life span of the natural resources and the ecological environment of human beings.  Allah reveals in QS ar-Rum/30 : 41“Mischief has appeared on lands and seas because of (the meed)  that the hands of man have earned, that (Allah) may give them a taste of some of their deeds: in order that they may turn back (from evil).”  Architects should have awareness about this subject in order that in conducting professional practice they always carefully pay attention to the natural environment so that the results of their design could provide a blessing for the environment. That is the true meaning of Rahmatan Lil Alamin

Caudal Regression Syndrome/neurogenic bladder presented as recurrent urinary tract infection

No Abstrac

Sustainable and cost-effective work zone scheduling on two-lane highways with managed lanes

Roadway maintenance projects greatly influence the roadway capacity, resulting in potential traffic disturbances captured by delays. Additionally, costs associated with these projects tend to be exorbitantly extensive. Most agencies and planners try to find a solution that minimizes roadway maintenance costs, traffic delays, crash risks, and environmental impact. Work zones on two-way two-lane roadway typically avoids high-demand periods. Lane-closure scenario is commonly used and converts the open lane into a phantom intersection, alternating two-direction movements on one lane with the help of a flagger or a temporary signal. Alternatively, using shoulders as temporarily managed lanes allows for simultaneous two-way movements with minimal interruptions. This scenario can potentially enhance the efficiency of the work zone by allowing for longer work zone segments and fewer setups, while increasing the project cost due to shoulder preparation cost, which is sensitive to the condition of the existing shoulders and the amount of preparation work needed. This study addresses the feasibility of utilizing managed lanes scenarios for two-way two-lane highways, while previous work focused on assessing and optimizing one-lane scenarios. The objective of this study is to develop a cost optimization algorithm and resilience assessment model for work zone scenarios on two-way two-lane highways. The cost optimization process assesses the trade-offs between agency, user, accident, and emission costs. This study enhances several assumptions and limitations of previously developed models by accounting for hourly demand variations, heavy vehicle presence, and work zone buffer areas. Additionally, this study utilizes the latest models for crash risk predictions as illustrated in the Highway Safety Manual (HSM) and emission rate simulator developed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The results of the optimization models serve as framework for comparison of potential scheduling schemes by exploring the effects of traffic demand variations, work zone lengths, and project starting times, while taking into consideration scheduling restraints, accident risks, and emission standards

THE BASIC CONCEPT OF THE MOSQUE DESIGN IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE HOLY QUR’AN AND HADITS

The Quba mosque which was constructed by Prophet Mohammed in 622 A.D constitute the best example of the mosque for the members of the Moslem community and for all the next generations. Its design features cover the following : Its construction was based on “Takwa” (devotion) to Allah. Simply, it means it was constructed by using local technology and local building material. There is clarity of function and objective in the plan, and its activities for ibadah (religious) and muamallah (social) function. But after the Prophet Mohammed passed away (633 A.D.), Mosques have been developed in a conventional manner not in accord whit what was exemplified by the prophet when he constructed the Quba mosque any more. Therefore, in designing a mosque, it should incorporate the Main basis Philosophy which is in accordance with Qur’an and Hadits. The most important is the construction of mosque should be based on “Takwa” (devotion) to Allah only.

Heresy in Architecture; Is it Real?

Most people who Salafiism holder still assume that what they do should be consist of with prophet Muhammad done, so they always being carefully whenever doing something, because they are extremely afraid if they are doing something not consist of with what Muhammad done, they assume that is bid’ah (heresy) deed. They belief all heresy deviated from Islamic law. So even though constructing some building they always copy what Muhammad done completely. It means they don’t know yet the meaning of heresy is. In accordance with what prophet said, heresy is doing something which is relate with ibadah mahdhoh which is not be done by Prophet Muhammad. Architecture is cultural product so that it is not relate with ibadah. Other ways there is not relation with heresy. So there is no heresy in Architecture.

Exploring Factors Contributing to Students’ Unwillingness to Communicate in English as a Foreign Language Classroom

This study aimed to explore the factors influencing EFL learners' unwillingness to communicate in English oral communication. Data were collected through a questionnaire that assessed three key dimensions: teacher-related factors, affective factors, and environmental factors. The findings revealed that among the three dimensions, teacher-related factors had the most significant impact on learners' unwillingness to communicate. The results regarding affective factors showed that lack of family support and motivation, fear of peer criticism, and poor listening skills were considerable predictors of learners' reluctance to engage in oral communication. Additionally, unfamiliar topics and vocabulary deficiencies further negatively influenced their willingness to speak. Furthermore, findings about environmental factors, large class size, lack of learner autonomy, insufficient use of ICT tools, and noisy classrooms, were found to inhibit EFL learners' willingness to communicate in English. The study highlights the critical role of teachers in creating a supportive, student-centered environment and fostering positive teacher-student rapport to enhance learners' willingness to speak in English class.&nbsp