ADOLESCENTS UNDERSTANDING OF THE CONCEPT OF HIV AND AIDS IN CALABAR SOUTH, SOUTH SOUTH NIGERIA

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is an infectious agent that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Over half of the world’s population is under 25 years old; this age group is more threatened by AIDS than any other. It is the same group that has more power to fight the epidemic than any other. Young people are particularly vulnerable due to risky sexual behavior and substance use and a host of other social and economic reasons. This study was a quantitative research to determine the awareness, preventive skills and safe behavior competences about HIV infection and AIDS disease of adolescents in Calabar South, South-South, Nigeria. Permission was obtained from the Local Government authorities. An HIV/AIDS/STI awareness behavior test, a standardized instrument by J.O. Akinboye was the instrument used for data collection after obtaining copyright from the author. Of 500 students, 260 (52%) were males while 240 (48%) were females. For awareness of HIV, 180 (36%) had very great awareness, 245 (49%) had great awareness, 45 (9%) had awareness, 20 (4%) had little awareness and 10 (2%) were ignorant. For AIDS awareness, 34% had very great awareness, 36% had great awareness, 17% are just aware and 13% were ignorant. Adolescents here are more knowledgeable about HIV than AIDS. Over 30% of them have low preventive skills and safe behavior competences. Comprehensive and skills-based health education, including reaching out to people before the initiation of sexual activity should be implemented

A model for nonlinear innovation in time series.

This paper introduces a class of nonlinear innovation process that has similar properties as the white noise process. Consequently the process can be a replacement of the white noise process in cases where the latter is inadequate as residual process.KEYWORDS: Asymptotic distribution of autocorrelation, nonlinear errors, nonlinear residuals, nonlinear time serie

The Cosmic Powers in Paul’s Theology

This thesis deals with neither the meaning of the terms nor with the exegesis of the passages in which these terms are found. Nor shall we attempt to re-interpret or relate what Paul said about cosmic powers to the modern thought-forms. The purpose of this work is rather to examine, first of all, the terms employed by Paul to describe the forces of evil in the light of his own Jewish background. We shall not be concerned so much with the question: What does Paul mean? as with the query: Where did Paul get the terms and ideas for what he describes? Are the language, notions, conceptualizations and beliefs found in Paul\u27s epistles unique to St. Paul; or do they reflect reminiscences of Jewish literature and thought? Was the whole question of the forces of darkness real in Paul\u27s mind? Was Paul alone in his understanding of the powers of evil, or can we find the same phenomena mentioned also by other New Testament writers? These and related questions will be dealt with in this work

Comparisons of Linear Goal Programming Algorithms

Lack of an efficient algorithm capable of reaching a compromised solution within a reasonable time is a major setback in the use of goal programming. Orumie and Ebong newly developed an alternative method of solving goal programming problem utilizing modified simplex procedures. This algorithm is compared in terms of accuracy and time requirements with existing algorithms by Lee and by Ignizio. Computational times for 10 goal programming models of various sizes are presented. Number of iteration per problem, total entries per problems is used as benchmark for the comparisons. The new method by Orumie and Ebong (2011) have better  computational times in all the problem solution and proved the best since there is a reduction in computational time in all the problems solved. Keywords: Goal Programming, Lee’s modified simplex, Ignizio’s Sequential, Orumie and Ebong metho

Serum protein and enzyme levels in rats following administration of antioxidant vitamins during caffeinated and non-caffeinated paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity

The effects of caffeinated and non-caffeinated paracetamol administration, with or without vitamins A and E supplementation on the protein and enzyme levels in Wistar albino rats were investigated using cafeinated paracetamol and paracetamol as caffeinated and non-caffeinated paracetamol respectively, and water soluble acetic acid derivatives of vitamins A and E. Serum AST, ALT and ALP levels (u/l) significantly increased (

An Efficient Method of Solving Lexicographic Linear Goal Programming Problem

Lexicographic Linear Goal programming within a pre-emptive priority structure has been one of the most widely used techniques considered in solving multiple objective problems. In the past several years, the modified simplex algorithm has been shown to be widely used and very accurate in computational formulation. Orumie and Ebong recently developed a generalized linear goal programming algorithm that is efficient. A new approach for solving lexicographic linear Goal programming problem is developed, together with an illustrative example. The method is efficient in reaching solution. Keywords: Lexicographic Goal programming, multi objective, simplex method