Chicago (March 23-25, 30-31, April 1, 1995)

Program for Chicago (March 23-25, 30-31, April 1, 1995)

Common Market in Process: The Grundig Case and the Interplay Between National Law and Treaty Law

The delicate problems of the evolving relationship between supranational, European Economic Community Treaty law and the national law of the member countries are dramatically illustrated by the decisions of national courts and the Commission of the European Economic Community in the series of cases dealing with the legitimacy of sole distributorships coterminous with national boundaries of the member countries. The operational context of the actual cases in this field not only constitutes a more dramatic setting than the abstract study of the bare provisions of the Treaty of Rome and its implementing regulations; it also effectively brings to light a broader range of treaty-national-law interrelationships

Assessing Large-Scale Training Events: Developing Common Tools and Protocols

Numerous previous studies have shown the positive effects that simulators provide in training aircrew for both basic maneuvering and more advanced team combat skills. As technology evolves, we have the ability to connect simulators separated by great geographic distance and often in different countries, thus allowing an even greater number of aircrew to train together as a team. In addition, live-fly training events provide an excellent opportunity to train aircrew. However, these large-scale distributed and live-fly training events must be examined for effectiveness. To accomplish this, training assessors must use a common set of data collection instruments, and follow a common protocol that says when to use them, and who should use each one. This is particularly important in distributed simulation exercises where training participants (and assessors) may be located at a number of geographically dispersed sites. The Air Force Research Laboratory along with its international partners has developed a set of knowledge, skill and experience based surveys that can be used to evaluate large scale distributed training events. In addition, we have developed a protocol that specifically describes when each survey should be given, and to whom. These events pose unique challenges in data collection; therefore, in addition to traditional paper surveys, we have developed a website and “minibrowser” that can run on a stand alone, non-networked computer to collect data from participants. These tools, protocols and data collection methods have already been successfully used at a number of large scale distributed events. This paper will present data and results from US and multinational applications of the methods and tools, discuss feedback and lessons learned. We will discuss and highlight the latest versions of the tools, protocol and methods we have developed, and present the future directions we hope to take with this researc

A Student-Initiated Course in Socialism

This article, reprinted from Radical Teacher #9 (1978), describes a student-initiated and student-taught course, “Towards a Socialist America,” that was offered at Wesleyan University in the mid-late 1970s

High Transcript Level of FLT3 Associated with High Risk of Relapse in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Identification of prognostic factors and risk-based post-remission therapy was proposed to improve the outcomes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and a mutation of FLT3 has been reported to be a risk factor, especially for pediatric patients. Recently, FLT3 expression level was implicated to have prognostic significance in adults, but little is known for childhood AML. To define the prognostic significance, transcript level of FLT3 was analyzed in 52 pediatric AML patients. The median copy number of FLT3 was 4.6×103 (40-5.9×107 copies)/1.0×106 GAPDH copy, and the relapse free survival of patients with high transcript level of FLT3 (>106 copy number) (0%) was significantly lower than that of the others (53.2%). High transcript level of FLT3 was associated with a markedly high risk of relapse. The development of new therapeutic scheme such as a frontline allogeneic stem cell transplantation or administration of FLT3 inhibitor is needed to improve outcomes

Current Therapeutic Strategies and Novel Approaches in Osteosarcoma

Osteosarcoma is the most frequent malignant primary bone tumor and a main cause of cancer-related death in children and adolescents. Although long-term survival in localized osteosarcoma has improved to about 60% during the 1960s and 1970s, long-term survival in both localized and metastatic osteosarcoma has stagnated in the past several decades. Thus, current conventional therapy consists of multi-agent chemotherapy, surgery and radiation, which is not fully adequate for osteosarcoma treatment. Innovative drugs and approaches are needed to further improve outcome in osteosarcoma patients. This review describes the current management of osteosarcoma as well as potential new therapies