How Donald McGavran Has Impacted One Urban Church Plant and Indirectly Influenced Thousands of Other Churches: An Analysis of the Journey Church of the City

This essay offers five specific principles from Donald McGavran that have directly influenced The Journey Church in New York City, San Francisco, and Boca Raton, Florida, and indirectly thousands of other churches (through the writing and coaching ministry of Nelson Searcy with Church Leader Insights). McGavran’s principles of missionary eyes, goal setting, assimilation, homogeneity, and a Great Commission focus have proven invaluable in this church plant and offer a similar value to other churches seeking to make a difference in their communities

Impact of cloud-borne aerosol representation on aerosol direct and indirect effects

International audienceAerosol particles attached to cloud droplets are much more likely to be removed from the atmosphere and are much less efficient at scattering sunlight than if unattached. Models used to estimate direct and indirect effects of aerosols employ a variety of representations of such cloud-borne particles. Here we use a global aerosol model with a relatively complete treatment of cloud-borne particles to estimate the sensitivity of simulated aerosol, cloud and radiation fields to various approximations to the representation of cloud-borne particles. We find that neglecting transport of cloud-borne particles introduces little error, but that diagnosing cloud-borne particles produces global mean biases of 20% and local errors of up to 40% for aerosol, droplet number, and direct and indirect radiative forcing. Aerosol number, aerosol optical depth and droplet number are significantly underestimated in regions and seasons where and when wet removal is primarily by stratiform rather than convective clouds (polar regions during winter), but direct and indirect effects are less biased because of the limited sunlight there and then. A treatment that predicts the total mass concentration of cloud-borne particles for each mode yields smaller errors and runs 20% faster than the complete treatment. The errors are much smaller than current estimates of uncertainty in direct and indirect effects of aerosols, which suggests that the treatment of cloud-borne aerosol is not a significant source of uncertainty in estimates of direct and indirect effects

Discrimination In The Workplace: Real Or Imagined?

This two (2) part case study presents a chronological and a narrative record of Claudia Boyle, a 48 year old woman, who has accepted an information technology position at Food for Freedom Incorporated (FFF)—a Nongovernmental Organization (NGO).  Full of zeal and enthusiasm, Claudia keeps up with the possibilities of career succession under Gretta Lengling, a new manager in the human resources department.  By all accounts, Gretta was a “zealous achiever” and she and Claudia established a comfortable friendship at work.  However, the once warm relationship quickly cooled when Claudia got sick and despite her friendship with Gretta, was passed over for a promotion when on a short-term disability leave. Faced with Gretta’s justifications for hiring Derke Zykstra—a younger male—Claudia wonders if she has become a causality of both age and disability based discrimination.  Advised by Gretta that she had displayed disruptive behavior, Claudia wonders if a “bad job” trumps no job at all

The "witness anonymity" and "investigation anonymity" provisions

This article offers an analysis of the creation of statutory powers to allow witnesses to give evidence anonymously. The latest provisions are those in the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 replacing the emergency temporary legislation: Criminal Evidence (Witness Anonymity) Act 2008. Consideration is given to that Act, its legislative history and case law. Examination of the new powers for investigation anonymity orders suggests that these are likely to be of symbolic rather than practical significance

Ultrasonographic-based predictive factors influencing successful return to racing after superficial digital flexor tendon injuries in flat racehorses: a retrospective cohort study in 469 Thoroughbred racehorses in Hong Kong

Background: Superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) injury is an important health and welfare concern in racehorses. It is generally diagnosed with ultrasonography, predictive ultrasonographic features have not been reported. Objectives: To determine ultrasonographic features of forelimb SDFT injury at initial presentation in Thoroughbred racehorses, that could predict a successful return to racing (completing > or = 5 races). Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Methods: Digitised ultrasonographic images of 469 horses with forelimb SDFT injuries from the Hong Kong Jockey Club (2003-2014) were evaluated, using a previously validated ultrasonographic scoring system. Six ultrasonographic parameters were evaluated (type and extent of the injury, location, echogenicity, cross-sectional area and longitudinal fiber pattern of the maximal injury zone (MIZ)), as well as horse signalment, retirement date and number of races before and after injury. Data was analysed by generalized linear regression with significance at P<0.05. Results: Cases were divided in two groups: 1) For cases of SDFT tendonitis with core lesions, cross-sectional area at the MIZ was the most significant factor determining a successful return to racing (p=0.03). If the lesion was or > or = 50% this decreased to 11-16%. 2) For cases of SDFT tendonitis without a core lesion, longitudinal fiber pattern at the MIZ best predicted a successful return to racing (P=0.002); if the affected longitudinal fiber pattern was or = 75% this decreased to 14%. Main Limitations: Prognostic information may not be applicable to other breeds/disciplines. Conclusions: This is the first study to describe ultrasonographic features of forelimb SDFT injuries at initial presentation that were predictive of successful return to racing. The outcomes will assist with early, evidence-based decisions on prognosis in Thoroughbred racehorses

Hubungan Pelayanan Keperawatan Dengan Kepuasan Pasien Bpjs Rawat Inap Di Ruang Hana RSU Pancaran Kasih Gmim Manado

: Nursing service and the satisfaction of the patients are the two things that closely related and can\u27t be separated from each other because the method that being delivered by the nurses would directly impact the patients. The General Hospital Center (RSU) Pancaran Kasih GMIM Manado is a hospital that also giving a service for some people that has the BPJS Card, so that the evaluation about the nursing service and the satisfaction of the inpatients are need to be done. Purpose of the Research To find the correlation between the nursing service and the satisfaction of the BPJS inpatients in Hana room at The General Hospital Center (RSU) Pancaran Kasih GMIM Manado. Research Method that has been used in this research is descriptive analytic, the research design is by using cross sectional study. This research has been made in the Hana inpatients room on December 2016 at the The General Hospital Center (RSU) Pancaran Kasih GMIM Manado with the 84 number of sample Sampling Technique is by using simple random sampling method Research instrument, is by using Questionnaire. Data analysis is by using Chi-square statistic test with the level of significance (α) = 0,05 with the outcome Chi-square Count 47,296 with P-value 0,000. Conclusion there is a correlation between the nursing service and the satisfaction of the BPJS inpatients in Hana room at The General Hospital Center (RSU) Pancaran Kasih GMIM Manado

Indirect radiative forcing by ion-mediated nucleation of aerosol

A clear understanding of particle formation mechanisms is critical for assessing aerosol indirect radiative forcing and associated climate feedback processes. Recent studies reveal the importance of ion-mediated nucleation (IMN) in generating new particles and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in the atmosphere. Here we implement the IMN scheme into the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5). Our simulations show that, compared to globally averaged results based on H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;-H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O binary homogeneous nucleation (BHN), the presence of ionization (i.e., IMN) halves H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; column burden, but increases the column integrated nucleation rate by around one order of magnitude, total particle number burden by a factor of ~3, CCN burden by ~10% (at 0.2% supersaturation) to 65% (at 1.0% supersaturation), and cloud droplet number burden by ~18%. Compared to BHN, IMN increases cloud liquid water path by 7.5%, decreases precipitation by 1.1%, and increases total cloud cover by 1.9%. This leads to an increase of total shortwave cloud radiative forcing (SWCF) by 3.67 W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt; (more negative) and longwave cloud forcing by 1.78 W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt; (more positive), with large spatial variations. The effect of ionization on SWCF derived from this study (3.67 W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;) is a factor of ~3 higher that of a previous study (1.15 W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;) based on a different ion nucleation scheme and climate model. Based on the present CAM5 simulation, the 5-yr mean impacts of solar cycle induced changes in ionization rates on CCN and cloud forcing are small (~−0.02 W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;) but have larger inter-annual (from −0.18 to 0.17 W m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt;) and spatial variations

Modeling kinetic partitioning of secondary organic aerosol and size distribution dynamics: representing effects of volatility, phase state, and particle-phase reaction

This paper describes and evaluates a new framework for modeling kinetic gas-particle partitioning of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) that takes into account diffusion and chemical reaction within the particle phase. The framework uses a combination of (a) an analytical quasi-steady-state treatment for the diffusion–reaction process within the particle phase for fast-reacting organic solutes, and (b) a two-film theory approach for slow- and nonreacting solutes. The framework is amenable for use in regional and global atmospheric models, although it currently awaits specification of the various gas- and particle-phase chemistries and the related physicochemical properties that are important for SOA formation. Here, the new framework is implemented in the computationally efficient Model for Simulating Aerosol Interactions and Chemistry (MOSAIC) to investigate the competitive growth dynamics of the Aitken and accumulation mode particles. Results show that the timescale of SOA partitioning and the associated size distribution dynamics depend on the complex interplay between organic solute volatility, particle-phase bulk diffusivity, and particle-phase reactivity (as exemplified by a pseudo-first-order reaction rate constant), each of which can vary over several orders of magnitude. In general, the timescale of SOA partitioning increases with increase in volatility and decrease in bulk diffusivity and rate constant. At the same time, the shape of the aerosol size distribution displays appreciable narrowing with decrease in volatility and bulk diffusivity and increase in rate constant. A proper representation of these physicochemical processes and parameters is needed in the next generation models to reliably predict not only the total SOA mass, but also its composition- and number-diameter distributions, all of which together determine the overall optical and cloud-nucleating properties